Research NURS 8006 Study Guide Exam Questions And Answers

Research NURS 8006 Study Guide Exam Questions And Answers /.Evidence Based Practice - Answer-integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values/preferences. starts with a clinical questions /.Research Utilization - Answer-the use of findings from studies in a practical application that is unrelated to the original research. Translating new knowledge into real-world application. starts with the research (how can i put this new knowledge into clinical setting) /.describe the EBP process - Answer-1. Ask a "clinically relevant" question (PICO) 2. Search for the best available evidence 3. Critically appraise the evidence (validity and reliability of published research, good quality systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines) 4. Synthesize the evidence 5. Integrate evdience with clinical expertise, patient values/preferences, and clinical setting 6. Apply the evidence in practice /.Intervention EBP - Answer-What therapy or intervention will result in better health outcomes or prevent an adverse health outcome? -In_________(Population) what is the effect of _________ (Intervention) on ________ (Outcome)? -In________(Population), what is the effect of _______(Intervention), in comparison to ________ (Comparative/alternative intervention), on ___________ (Outcome)? /.Diagnosis/assessment EBP - Answer-What test or assessment procedure will yield accurate diagnoses or assessments of critical patient conditions and outcomes? -For _________ (Population), does ________ (Identifying tool/procedure) yield accurate and appropriate diagnostic/assessment information about __________ (outcome)? -For _________ (Population), does _________(Identifying tool/procedure) yield more accurate or more appropriate diagnostic/assessment information than _________ (comparative tool/procedure) about ________ (Outcome)? /.Prognosis EBP - Answer-Does exposure to a disease or health problem increase the risk of subsequent adverse consequences? -For ________ (Population), does _________ (Exposure to disease or condition) increase the risk of ________ (Outcome)? -For __________ (Population), does __________ (Exposure to disease or condition), relative to ________ (Comparative disease or condition) increase the risk of ________ (Outcome)? /.Etiology/harm EBP - Answer-What factors cause or contribute to the risk of a health problem or disease? -In _________ (Population), does _________ (Influence, exposure or characteristic) increase the risk of __________ (Outcome)? -Does ________ (Influence, exposure, or characteristic) increase the risk of (Outcome) compared to ________ (Comparative influence, exposure or condition) in (Population)? /.Description EBP (prevelance/incidence) - Answer-type of EBP -In ________ (Population), how prevalent is _________ (Outcome)? -Explicit comparisons are not typical, except to compare different populations /.Meaning or Process EBP - Answer-What is the meaning of life experiences, and what is the process by which they unfold? -What is it like for __________ (Population) to experience _________ (condition, illness, circumstance)? ) OR What is the process by which _________ (Population) cope with, adapt to, or live with _________ (condition, illness, circumstance)? /.components of PICOt - Answer-P patient population I intervention, issue of interest C comparison O outcome t time /.Independent variable - Answer-presumed cause (predictor/intervention) /.dependent variable - Answer-Presumed effect (outcome) /.Pre-appraised evidence - Answer-is evidence that has been selected from primary studies and evaluated for use by clinicians. /.Systematic reviews - Answer-type of pre-appraised evidence that: merges and synthesizes findings /.Meta analysis - Answer-type of pre-appraised evidence: a technique for integrating quantitative research findings statistically /.Clinical practice guidelines - Answer-type of pre-appraised evidence: which distill a body of evidence into a usable form; often based on systematic reviews; give specific recommendations for evidence based decision making /.primary study - Answer-acquire and analyze new data /.level of evidence - Answer- /.Randomized control trial - Answer-what type of study has subjects from the same population randomly allocated to 2+ groups, where one group in the control. /.Cohort study - Answer-prospective study- prognosis or etiology; start with cause or exposure and then follow over time to see if outcome is present (Compared to those not affected by condition under investigation) /.case-control study - Answer-start with outcome and look back at time and see what exposures they had /.Institutional Review Board (IRB) - Answer-established formal committees for reviewing research plans; before undertaking a study, researchers must submit a research plan to the IRB, and must also undergo formal IRB training. An IRB can approve the proposed plans, require modifications, or disapprove them. /.Informed consent - Answer-important procedure for safeguarding participants involves obtaining their informed consent. Informed consent means that participants have: - adequate information about the study - comprehend the information -and have the power of free choice, enabling them to consent to or decline participation voluntarily. It is usually documented by having participants sign a consent form. The form includes information about the study purpose, specific expectations regarding participations (how much time will be required), the voluntary nature of participation, and potential cost and benefits /.Implied consent - Answer-return of completed questionnaire /.Process consent - Answer-in qualitative study, consent may be an ongoing process in which consent is continuously renegotiated.