Nursing Pharmacology Study Guide & MCQ Practice Bank
— Goodman & Gilman Based
Answers
Total Quality Management (TQM) Philosophy - 1. customer focus
2. continuous improvement
3. employee empowerment
4. use of quality tools
5. product design
6. process management
7. managing supplier quality
Process Capability Index (Cpk) - Basic function of Six Sigma. Measures the process potential and
performance of processes. The higher the range of Cpk, the improved is the ability of the process to
complete its necessities.
Six Sigma - A disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects (driving toward
six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit) in any process - from
manufacturing to transactional and from product to service.
Design Capacity - The theoretical maximum output of a system in a given period under ideal conditions.
Location Analysis - proximity to customers, transportation, source of labor, community attitude,
proximity to suppliers, and many other factors.
The technique for determining location decisions.
Line Processes - A type of process used to produce a large volume of a standardized product.
,■ Limited customization and high volume
Batch Processes - A type of process used to produce a small number of products in groups or batches
based on customer orders or specifications.
■ High customization moderate volume
Project Processes - A type of process used to make a one-at-a-time product exactly to customer
specifications.
■ Most custom and lowest volume
Continuous Processes - A type of process that operates continually to produce a high volume of a fully
standardized product.
- No customization and as high a volume as possible
Bottleneck - Longest task in the process.
Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) - A type of automated system that combines the flexibility of
intermittent operations with the efficiency of continuous operations.
Output/Input Control - A technique for monitoring the flow of jobs between work centers.
Value-Added - The net increase created during the transformation of inputs into final outputs.
Hybrid Layouts - Layouts that combine characteristics of process and product layouts.
- Group technology layouts.
- Cell technology layouts.
, - Grocery stores use hybrid layouts
Relationship Chart (REL) - Table that reflects opinions of managers with regard to the importance of
having any two departments close together.
Rectilinear Distance - The shortest distance between two locations using north-south and east-west
movements.
From-To Matrix - Table that gives the number of trips or units of product moved between any pair of
departments.
Block Plan - Schematic showing the placement of resources in a facility.
Mean Observed Times - The average of the observation times for each of the work elements.
Normal Time - The mean observed time multiplied by the performance rating factor by the frequency of
occurrence.
Standard Time - The length of time it should take a qualified worker using appropriate process and tools
to complete a specific job, allowing time for personal fatigue and unavoidable delays.
Just-in-Time (JIT) - A philosophy designed to achieve high-volume production through elimination of
waste and continuous improvement. Based on a "pull" system rather than a "push" system. The three
elements are just-in-time manufacturing, total quality management, and respect for people.
Kanban card - A card that specifies the exact quantity of product that needs to be produced.
Tier One Suppliers - Supplies materials or services directly to the processing facility.
These are the suppliers that put products in specific containers or packages.
— Goodman & Gilman Based
Answers
Total Quality Management (TQM) Philosophy - 1. customer focus
2. continuous improvement
3. employee empowerment
4. use of quality tools
5. product design
6. process management
7. managing supplier quality
Process Capability Index (Cpk) - Basic function of Six Sigma. Measures the process potential and
performance of processes. The higher the range of Cpk, the improved is the ability of the process to
complete its necessities.
Six Sigma - A disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects (driving toward
six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit) in any process - from
manufacturing to transactional and from product to service.
Design Capacity - The theoretical maximum output of a system in a given period under ideal conditions.
Location Analysis - proximity to customers, transportation, source of labor, community attitude,
proximity to suppliers, and many other factors.
The technique for determining location decisions.
Line Processes - A type of process used to produce a large volume of a standardized product.
,■ Limited customization and high volume
Batch Processes - A type of process used to produce a small number of products in groups or batches
based on customer orders or specifications.
■ High customization moderate volume
Project Processes - A type of process used to make a one-at-a-time product exactly to customer
specifications.
■ Most custom and lowest volume
Continuous Processes - A type of process that operates continually to produce a high volume of a fully
standardized product.
- No customization and as high a volume as possible
Bottleneck - Longest task in the process.
Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) - A type of automated system that combines the flexibility of
intermittent operations with the efficiency of continuous operations.
Output/Input Control - A technique for monitoring the flow of jobs between work centers.
Value-Added - The net increase created during the transformation of inputs into final outputs.
Hybrid Layouts - Layouts that combine characteristics of process and product layouts.
- Group technology layouts.
- Cell technology layouts.
, - Grocery stores use hybrid layouts
Relationship Chart (REL) - Table that reflects opinions of managers with regard to the importance of
having any two departments close together.
Rectilinear Distance - The shortest distance between two locations using north-south and east-west
movements.
From-To Matrix - Table that gives the number of trips or units of product moved between any pair of
departments.
Block Plan - Schematic showing the placement of resources in a facility.
Mean Observed Times - The average of the observation times for each of the work elements.
Normal Time - The mean observed time multiplied by the performance rating factor by the frequency of
occurrence.
Standard Time - The length of time it should take a qualified worker using appropriate process and tools
to complete a specific job, allowing time for personal fatigue and unavoidable delays.
Just-in-Time (JIT) - A philosophy designed to achieve high-volume production through elimination of
waste and continuous improvement. Based on a "pull" system rather than a "push" system. The three
elements are just-in-time manufacturing, total quality management, and respect for people.
Kanban card - A card that specifies the exact quantity of product that needs to be produced.
Tier One Suppliers - Supplies materials or services directly to the processing facility.
These are the suppliers that put products in specific containers or packages.
