NURS 8022 Exam With Correct
Verified And Well Analyzed
Answers
Which of the following disorders can lead to a low V/Q mismatch?
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Pulmonary Embolism
C. Pulmonary Hypertension
D. Hypercapnia
A. Pulmonary edema. Rationale: in low V/Q mismatch, perfusion exceeds
ventilation.
Nitric oxide, which is released by the glomerular endothelial cells,
causes which physiological process to occur?
A. Vasoconstriction
B. Vasodilation
B. Vasodilation
What would be a normal physiological response in regard to osmosis
be in a patient with hyperglycemia?
The patient's serum is hypertonic and the fluid will move out of the cell
How does the parasympathetic nervous system decrease heart rate?
Release of ACH from the parasympathetic system increases the
permeability of K+ ions and leads to hyperpolarization of the cell.
A patient is in renal failure. The patient reports a history of severe
diarrhea for several days. They also report they have not been able to
eat or drink anything for the last 24 hours due to not feeling well. The
NP would suspect that this patient's renal failure is a (pre/intral/post
renal) and is due to (dehydration/ischemia/urinary obstruction).
Prerenal; dehydration
,Which of the following cardiac alterations could lead to left sided
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Pulmonary hypertension
C. Cardiac dilation
D. Amyloidosis
A. Aortic stenosis
Natriuretic peptides increase the _________ of sodium?
excretion
A patient presents with right sided heart failure, what is the most
likely cause?
Left sided heart failure
If a patient's BP was 200/120 what would you expect to occur
physiologically in the kidneys?
Afferent arteriole constriction
GFR is directly related to..
renal blood flow and perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries
Which of the following represents ventricular systole on the ECG?
A. PR interval
B. QRS
C. ST interval
D. QT interval
QT interval
When reviewing the patients chart a provider reads that there is
nephrotic sediment in the urine. This means there is a large presence
of
Protein
When reviewing the patients chart a provider reads that there is
nephritic sediment in the urine. This means there is a large presence
of
Blood
What are two functions of surfactant in the lungs?
-Keeps alveoli open and free of fluid
-Decreases surface tension by blocking H2O and H+ binding
If a patient has low plasma volume what is the normal physiological
response?
Thirst
Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerve
Which lipid carried cholesterol to the tissues?
, LDL
What three areas does gas exchange occur?
Bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveoli
Gas exchange airways are served by the
A. Cardiac circulation
B. Venous circulation
C. Pulmonary circulation
C. Pulmonary circulation
Bronchi and other lung structures are served by the
A. Cardiac circulation
B. Systemic circulation
C. Pulmonary circulation
B. Systemic Circulation
Pulmonary circulation functions
Facilitate gas exchange
Deliver nutrients to lung tissue
Act as blood reservoir for L ventricle
Filtering system
pH range
7.35-7.45
PaCO2 range
35-45
PaO2
75-100 mmHg
HCO3 range
22-26 mEq/L
Base excess
-2 to +2
A person has atherosclerosis. Which pathophysiologic process has
occurred?
The endothelium layer is damaged, allowing LDL to cross over and become
oxidized. Macrophages enter, engulfing the oxidized LDL and becoming
"foam cells". The foam cells eventually rupture, releasing the lipid contents
and forming plaque.
Why do we give patient's ACE inhibitors if they have had an MI?
ACE inhibitors prevent the production of angiotensin II, which causes
narrowing of the blood vessels, increased blood pressure, and increased
workload on the heart.
Verified And Well Analyzed
Answers
Which of the following disorders can lead to a low V/Q mismatch?
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Pulmonary Embolism
C. Pulmonary Hypertension
D. Hypercapnia
A. Pulmonary edema. Rationale: in low V/Q mismatch, perfusion exceeds
ventilation.
Nitric oxide, which is released by the glomerular endothelial cells,
causes which physiological process to occur?
A. Vasoconstriction
B. Vasodilation
B. Vasodilation
What would be a normal physiological response in regard to osmosis
be in a patient with hyperglycemia?
The patient's serum is hypertonic and the fluid will move out of the cell
How does the parasympathetic nervous system decrease heart rate?
Release of ACH from the parasympathetic system increases the
permeability of K+ ions and leads to hyperpolarization of the cell.
A patient is in renal failure. The patient reports a history of severe
diarrhea for several days. They also report they have not been able to
eat or drink anything for the last 24 hours due to not feeling well. The
NP would suspect that this patient's renal failure is a (pre/intral/post
renal) and is due to (dehydration/ischemia/urinary obstruction).
Prerenal; dehydration
,Which of the following cardiac alterations could lead to left sided
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Pulmonary hypertension
C. Cardiac dilation
D. Amyloidosis
A. Aortic stenosis
Natriuretic peptides increase the _________ of sodium?
excretion
A patient presents with right sided heart failure, what is the most
likely cause?
Left sided heart failure
If a patient's BP was 200/120 what would you expect to occur
physiologically in the kidneys?
Afferent arteriole constriction
GFR is directly related to..
renal blood flow and perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries
Which of the following represents ventricular systole on the ECG?
A. PR interval
B. QRS
C. ST interval
D. QT interval
QT interval
When reviewing the patients chart a provider reads that there is
nephrotic sediment in the urine. This means there is a large presence
of
Protein
When reviewing the patients chart a provider reads that there is
nephritic sediment in the urine. This means there is a large presence
of
Blood
What are two functions of surfactant in the lungs?
-Keeps alveoli open and free of fluid
-Decreases surface tension by blocking H2O and H+ binding
If a patient has low plasma volume what is the normal physiological
response?
Thirst
Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerve
Which lipid carried cholesterol to the tissues?
, LDL
What three areas does gas exchange occur?
Bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveoli
Gas exchange airways are served by the
A. Cardiac circulation
B. Venous circulation
C. Pulmonary circulation
C. Pulmonary circulation
Bronchi and other lung structures are served by the
A. Cardiac circulation
B. Systemic circulation
C. Pulmonary circulation
B. Systemic Circulation
Pulmonary circulation functions
Facilitate gas exchange
Deliver nutrients to lung tissue
Act as blood reservoir for L ventricle
Filtering system
pH range
7.35-7.45
PaCO2 range
35-45
PaO2
75-100 mmHg
HCO3 range
22-26 mEq/L
Base excess
-2 to +2
A person has atherosclerosis. Which pathophysiologic process has
occurred?
The endothelium layer is damaged, allowing LDL to cross over and become
oxidized. Macrophages enter, engulfing the oxidized LDL and becoming
"foam cells". The foam cells eventually rupture, releasing the lipid contents
and forming plaque.
Why do we give patient's ACE inhibitors if they have had an MI?
ACE inhibitors prevent the production of angiotensin II, which causes
narrowing of the blood vessels, increased blood pressure, and increased
workload on the heart.
