NUR 402 FINAL EXAM 2 Actual Real Study Questions with Elaborate Answers

NUR 402 FINAL EXAM 2 Actual Real Study Questions with Elaborate Answers 1. Epiglottitis - ANSWER Often caused by H. Flu type B. 2. Management of Epiglottitis - ANSWER Airway maintenance, IV antibiotic therapy. 3. Nursing considerations for Epiglottitis - ANSWER DO NOT attempt to visualize the throat because it can cause a spasm and occlude the airway. 4. Signs & Symptoms of Epiglottitis - ANSWER Suddenly febrile, toxic appearance, refuses to speak or speaks softly, sitting forward with the neck extended, drooling, and anxious. 5. Management of Pharyngitis - ANSWER Administer Tylenol and ibuprofen for pain, throat lozenges, and cool mist humidity. 6. Transmission of Pharyngitis - ANSWER Viral infection through droplets. 7. Asthma - ANSWER Chronic inflammatory airway disorder characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, airway edema, and mucus production. 8. Education for Asthma - ANSWER Use of nebulizers, MDI, spacers, dry powder inhalers, medications, and SE of medications. 9. Triggers for Asthma - ANSWER Exercise, cold air, dust, environment, infections, and pets. 10. Treatment for Asthma - ANSWER Albuterol (acute), fluticasone/budesonide (chronic). 11. Croup - ANSWER Inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi. 12. Signs & Symptoms of Croup - ANSWER Occur most often at night and resolve in the morning; barking cough, hoarseness, noisy/high pitched breathing (stridor). 13. Plan of care for Croup - ANSWER Usually managed at home but may need to be treated outpatient with corticosteroids, racemic epi and several hours of observation; Tylenol, hydration, rest, humidification, oxygen, cool mist tent. 14. RSV/Bronchiolitis - ANSWER Acute inflammatory process of the bronchioles and small bronchi. 15. Upper vs Lower Airway in RSV/Bronchiolitis - ANSWER Begins in the upper respiratory tract and goes to lower (from nose + throat then to the lungs). 16. Signs & Symptoms of RSV/Bronchiolitis - ANSWER Short shallow rapid breathing, struggling to breathe, cough, poor feeding, lethargy, irritability. 17. Cardiac Arrest Priority - ANSWER ABC's, provide O2, give fluids, medications, defib/syn cardioversion. 18. Nursing role in Cardiac Arrest - ANSWER Determine if child is stable or unstable and ABC's. inus tachycardia - ANSWER adenosine These findings should be reported to the surgeon immediately because this is an emergency situation. Because pulses are marked before surgery, the nurse would know whether pulses were present before surgery before notifying the health care providers about the absent pulses. 19. _________ is essential for slowing the progression of PAD to critical limb ischemia and reducing the risk of myocardial infarction and death - ANSWER smoking cessation 20. Which topic should the nurse include in patient teaching for a patient with a venous stasis ulcer on the left lower leg? - ANSWER application of compression stockings 21. CAD TLC diet - ANSWER 30% of the daily calories should come from fats, most of the fat in the TLC diet should come from monounsaturated fats such as are found in nuts, olive oil, and canola oil. The patient can include peanut butter sandwiches as part of the TLC diet 22. A patient who is on the telemetry unit develops atrial flutter, rate 150, with associated dyspnea and chest pain. Which action that is included in the hospital dysrhythmia protocol should the nurse do first? - ANSWER administer supplemental O2 23. Because this patient has dyspnea and chest pain in association with the new rhythm, the nurse's initial actions should be to address the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC) by starting with O2 administration. 24. a rhythm in which every other QRS complex is wide and bizarre looking. Pairs of wide QRS complexes are described as ventricular couplets. - ANSWER Ventricular bigeminy 25. A 19-yr-old student comes to the student health center at the end of the semester complaining that, "My heart is skipping beats." An electrocardiogram (ECG) shows occasional unifocal premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). What action should the nurse take next? - ANSWER Ask the patient about current stress level and caffeine use. In a patient with a normal heart, occasional PVCs are a benign finding. The timing of the PVCs suggests stress or caffeine as possible etiologic factors. The patient is hemodynamically stable, so there is no indication that the patient needs supplemental O2, an IV, or to be seen in the ED 26. Which action should the nurse perform when preparing a patient with supraventricular tachycardia for cardioversion who is alert and has a blood pressure of 110/66 mm Hg? - ANSWER Give a sedative before cardioversion is implemented. When a patient has a nonemergency cardioversion, sedation is used just before the procedure. The synchronizer switch is turned "on" for cardioversion. The initial level of joules for cardioversion is low (e.g., 50). 27. To determine whether there is a delay in impulse conduction through the ventricles, the nurse will measure the duration of the patient's - ANSWER QRS complex. The QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization. The P wave represents the depolarization of the atria. The PR interval represents depolarization of the atria, atrioventricular node, bundle of His, bundle branches, and the Purkinje fibers. The Q wave is the first negative deflection following the P wave and should be narrow and short