Pathophysiology Exam With Correct
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passive immunity
Transfer of performed antibodies against a specific antigen from protected
or immunized individual to an unprotected or non-immunized individual
Examples of passive immunity
IgA in breast milk, maternal IgG crossing placenta, antitoxin, serotherapy
(direct injection of antibodies)
Potassium Value normal range( intercellular cation)
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Sodium value normal range (major cation of extracellular fluid)
135-145 mEq/L
Calcium value normal range
9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5 mEq/L
Phosphate value normal range
2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium value normal range
1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in
blood)
23-30 mEq/L
Condition of low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L
hypokalemia
Condition of high potassium >5 mEq/L
Hyperkalemia
Condition of sodium < 135 mEq/L
hyponatremia / hypernatremia
Condition of high sodium>145 mEq/L
hypernatremia
, condition of low phosphate < 2.5 mg/dL
hypophophatemia
Condition of high phosphate > 4.5 mg/dL
Hyperphosphatemia
Condition of low chloride <96 mEq/L
hypochloremia
Condition of high chloride > 106 mEq/L
Hyperchloremia
Condition of low magnesium <1.5 mEq/L
hypomagnesemia
Condition of high magnesium >2.5 mEq/L
Hypermagesemia
condition of low calcium< 9mg/dL
hypocalcemia
condition of high calcium > 11mg/dL
hypercalcemia
Pathophysiology
the study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of living beings
Pathology
the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs, tissues,
cells, and bodily fluids
Etiology
The study of the causes and origins of disease
4 topics of pathophysiology
etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment
pathogenesis
development or evolution of a disease
clinical manifestation
signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
exacerbation
a relatively sudden increase in the severity of a disease or any of its signs
and symptom
remission
decline in severity of symptoms
sequela
a disorder or condition usually resulting from a previous disease or injury
acute
sudden onset and short duration
chronic
long term
Verified And correct And well Analyzed
Answers
passive immunity
Transfer of performed antibodies against a specific antigen from protected
or immunized individual to an unprotected or non-immunized individual
Examples of passive immunity
IgA in breast milk, maternal IgG crossing placenta, antitoxin, serotherapy
(direct injection of antibodies)
Potassium Value normal range( intercellular cation)
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Sodium value normal range (major cation of extracellular fluid)
135-145 mEq/L
Calcium value normal range
9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5 mEq/L
Phosphate value normal range
2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium value normal range
1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in
blood)
23-30 mEq/L
Condition of low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L
hypokalemia
Condition of high potassium >5 mEq/L
Hyperkalemia
Condition of sodium < 135 mEq/L
hyponatremia / hypernatremia
Condition of high sodium>145 mEq/L
hypernatremia
, condition of low phosphate < 2.5 mg/dL
hypophophatemia
Condition of high phosphate > 4.5 mg/dL
Hyperphosphatemia
Condition of low chloride <96 mEq/L
hypochloremia
Condition of high chloride > 106 mEq/L
Hyperchloremia
Condition of low magnesium <1.5 mEq/L
hypomagnesemia
Condition of high magnesium >2.5 mEq/L
Hypermagesemia
condition of low calcium< 9mg/dL
hypocalcemia
condition of high calcium > 11mg/dL
hypercalcemia
Pathophysiology
the study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of living beings
Pathology
the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs, tissues,
cells, and bodily fluids
Etiology
The study of the causes and origins of disease
4 topics of pathophysiology
etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment
pathogenesis
development or evolution of a disease
clinical manifestation
signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
exacerbation
a relatively sudden increase in the severity of a disease or any of its signs
and symptom
remission
decline in severity of symptoms
sequela
a disorder or condition usually resulting from a previous disease or injury
acute
sudden onset and short duration
chronic
long term
