NUR 529 Exam 3 Blueprint || with 100% Correct Answers.
Gut microflora correct answers Metabolic activities that salvage energy and absorbable nutrients,
trophic effects on intestinal epithelial cells, and protection against invasion by pathogenic
organisms.
Colonic microflora correct answers Fermentation of undigestible dietary residue and endogenous
mucus, synthesis of vitamin K, and absorption of calcium, magnesium, and iron.
Vitamin K correct answers Synthesized by colonic flora, essential in clotting.
Celiac disease correct answers Requires a gluten-free diet, avoiding gluten-containing grains like
wheat, barley, and rye.
NSAIDs correct answers Medications that affect the gastric mucosal layer and increase the risk
for GI bleeding.
Bilirubin elimination correct answers Eliminated through urine and stool.
Bile production correct answers Liver produces bile, stored in gallbladder, aids in emulsifying
dietary fats.
Bile function correct answers Bile salts aid in emulsifying dietary fats and transport fatty acids
and fat-soluble vitamins for absorption.
Hepatitis A correct answers Transmitted via fecal-oral route.
Hepatitis B correct answers Transmitted via blood or serum, found in most body secretions, oral
or sexual contact.
, Hepatitis C correct answers Transmitted via blood and bodily secretions, most common mode of
transmission in the US is recreational IV drug use.
Diagnostic labs for malnutrition correct answers CMP, serum electrolytes, serum albumin,
prealbumin, physical examination.
Adipose tissue correct answers Endocrine organ that secretes adipokines, including leptin, to
control appetite and energy storage.
Leptin correct answers Hormone secreted by adipose tissue that regulates appetite and signals the
brain when sufficient calorie storage has been achieved.
Hypothalamic hormones correct answers Hormones released from the anterior pituitary gland
(FLAT PiG mnemonic) and posterior pituitary gland (vasopressin, oxytocin).
Type 1 Diabetes correct answers Etiology: B-cells in the pancreas unable to produce insulin.
Diagnostic criteria: polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria.
Type 2 Diabetes correct answers Differences from Type 1: insulin resistance, obesity, lifestyle-
related. Similarities: chronic hyperglycemia, risk of complications.
DKA correct answers Clinical manifestations: polyuria, polydipsia, nausea, vomiting, fatigue,
Kussmaul's respirations, fruity breath smell.
Cushing syndrome correct answers Clinical presentation: protruding abdomen, subclavicular fat
pads, moon face, muscle weakness, thin extremities, psychiatric symptoms.
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state correct answers Caused by insulin deficiency, severe
dehydration, and increased blood glucose levels. Affects fluid balance and can cause
thromboembolic events.
Gut microflora correct answers Metabolic activities that salvage energy and absorbable nutrients,
trophic effects on intestinal epithelial cells, and protection against invasion by pathogenic
organisms.
Colonic microflora correct answers Fermentation of undigestible dietary residue and endogenous
mucus, synthesis of vitamin K, and absorption of calcium, magnesium, and iron.
Vitamin K correct answers Synthesized by colonic flora, essential in clotting.
Celiac disease correct answers Requires a gluten-free diet, avoiding gluten-containing grains like
wheat, barley, and rye.
NSAIDs correct answers Medications that affect the gastric mucosal layer and increase the risk
for GI bleeding.
Bilirubin elimination correct answers Eliminated through urine and stool.
Bile production correct answers Liver produces bile, stored in gallbladder, aids in emulsifying
dietary fats.
Bile function correct answers Bile salts aid in emulsifying dietary fats and transport fatty acids
and fat-soluble vitamins for absorption.
Hepatitis A correct answers Transmitted via fecal-oral route.
Hepatitis B correct answers Transmitted via blood or serum, found in most body secretions, oral
or sexual contact.
, Hepatitis C correct answers Transmitted via blood and bodily secretions, most common mode of
transmission in the US is recreational IV drug use.
Diagnostic labs for malnutrition correct answers CMP, serum electrolytes, serum albumin,
prealbumin, physical examination.
Adipose tissue correct answers Endocrine organ that secretes adipokines, including leptin, to
control appetite and energy storage.
Leptin correct answers Hormone secreted by adipose tissue that regulates appetite and signals the
brain when sufficient calorie storage has been achieved.
Hypothalamic hormones correct answers Hormones released from the anterior pituitary gland
(FLAT PiG mnemonic) and posterior pituitary gland (vasopressin, oxytocin).
Type 1 Diabetes correct answers Etiology: B-cells in the pancreas unable to produce insulin.
Diagnostic criteria: polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria.
Type 2 Diabetes correct answers Differences from Type 1: insulin resistance, obesity, lifestyle-
related. Similarities: chronic hyperglycemia, risk of complications.
DKA correct answers Clinical manifestations: polyuria, polydipsia, nausea, vomiting, fatigue,
Kussmaul's respirations, fruity breath smell.
Cushing syndrome correct answers Clinical presentation: protruding abdomen, subclavicular fat
pads, moon face, muscle weakness, thin extremities, psychiatric symptoms.
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state correct answers Caused by insulin deficiency, severe
dehydration, and increased blood glucose levels. Affects fluid balance and can cause
thromboembolic events.
