CSET 215: SCIENTIFIC PRACTICES,
ENGINEERING DESIGN AND
APPLICATIONS, AND CROSSCUTTING
CONCEPTS. EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026 UPDATE.
Scientific Method - ANS Observation/Question, Research, Hypothesis, Experiment, Data,
Analysis, Conclusion
Primary source - ANS First hand source of information
Secondary source - ANS Interprets, analyzes, distributes or publishes a primary source
Evaluating sources - ANS - Is it valid (relevant to your problem)
- Is it reliable (can be trusted)
- Is it accurate (factual)
Hypothesis - ANS A proposed explanation for an observation. Must be testable, answer a
question, be a clear statement and identify measurable variables
Independent variable - ANS What is changed
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Dependent variable - ANS What is measured
Extraneous variables - ANS Any variables other than the independent variable
Confounding variable - ANS An extraneous variable that could strongly influence a study
Moderator variables - ANS Variables that can increase or decrease the relationship between
the independent and dependent variables
Observational research - ANS Records the observations of phenomena. A type of
correlational research
Naturalistic observation - ANS Observer sits back and watches behavior without manipulating
different variables that may influence the results
Participant observation - ANS Researchers insert themselves into the group being observed
Correlational Research - ANS Examines statistical relationships between variables. Can give
you a correlation but not a cause
Experimental Research - ANS A type of research that provides strong evidence for cause and
effect relationships. A real experiment is where we try to control all variables except for the one
we're studying
ANOVA - ANS Analysis of variance. Tests the difference in the means of different groups
Chi-square - ANS Compares experimental data to the results we expect to get
Scientific theory - ANS A tested and accepted explanation of why things happen. A summary
for a hypothesis or group of hypotheses
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
ENGINEERING DESIGN AND
APPLICATIONS, AND CROSSCUTTING
CONCEPTS. EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026 UPDATE.
Scientific Method - ANS Observation/Question, Research, Hypothesis, Experiment, Data,
Analysis, Conclusion
Primary source - ANS First hand source of information
Secondary source - ANS Interprets, analyzes, distributes or publishes a primary source
Evaluating sources - ANS - Is it valid (relevant to your problem)
- Is it reliable (can be trusted)
- Is it accurate (factual)
Hypothesis - ANS A proposed explanation for an observation. Must be testable, answer a
question, be a clear statement and identify measurable variables
Independent variable - ANS What is changed
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Dependent variable - ANS What is measured
Extraneous variables - ANS Any variables other than the independent variable
Confounding variable - ANS An extraneous variable that could strongly influence a study
Moderator variables - ANS Variables that can increase or decrease the relationship between
the independent and dependent variables
Observational research - ANS Records the observations of phenomena. A type of
correlational research
Naturalistic observation - ANS Observer sits back and watches behavior without manipulating
different variables that may influence the results
Participant observation - ANS Researchers insert themselves into the group being observed
Correlational Research - ANS Examines statistical relationships between variables. Can give
you a correlation but not a cause
Experimental Research - ANS A type of research that provides strong evidence for cause and
effect relationships. A real experiment is where we try to control all variables except for the one
we're studying
ANOVA - ANS Analysis of variance. Tests the difference in the means of different groups
Chi-square - ANS Compares experimental data to the results we expect to get
Scientific theory - ANS A tested and accepted explanation of why things happen. A summary
for a hypothesis or group of hypotheses
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
