Advanced Pharmacology Test Bank | Practice Questions & Answers for Nursing & Medical Students

MedConnoisseurjFiles:

ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY TEST BANK ALL CHAPT
j j j j j


ERS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
j j j j j




Chapterj01:jPrescriptivejAuthorityjandjRolejImplementation:jTraditionjvs.jChangej
TestjBank

MULTIPLEjCHOICE

1. Whichjofjthejfollowingjhasjinfluencedjanjemphasisjonjprimaryjcarejeducationjinjmedicaljsc
hools?
a. ChangesjinjMedicarejreimbursementjmeth
odsjrecommendedjinj1992
b. Competitionjfromjnonphysiciansjdesiringjt
ojmeetjprimaryjcarejshortages
c. Thejneedjforjmonopolisticjcontroljinjthejma
rketplacejofjprimaryjoutpatientjcare
d. Thejrecognitionjthatjnonphysiciansjhavejva
riablejsuccessjprovidingjprimaryjcare
ANS:j A
ThejPhysicianjPaymentjReviewjCommissionjinj1992jdirectlyjincreasedjfinancialjreimburse
mentjtojcliniciansjwhojprovidejprimaryjcare.jCoupledjwithjajshortagejofjprimaryjcarejprovi
ders,jthisjincentivejledjmedicaljschoolsjtojplacejgreaterjemphasisjonjpreparingjprimaryjcarej
physicians.jCompetitionjfromjnonphysiciansjincreasedjcoincidentallyjasjprofessionalsjfro
mjotherjdisciplinesjsteppedjupjtojmeetjthejneeds.
Nonphysiciansjhavejhadjincreasingjsuccessjatjprovidingjprimaryjcarejandjhavejbeenjshownjt
ojbejsafejandjeffective.

DIF: CognitivejLevel:jRememberingj(Knowledge) REF:j 2

2. Whichjofjthejfollowingjstatementsjisjtruejaboutjthejprescribingjpracticesjofjphysicians?
a. Olderjphysiciansjtendjtojprescribejmorejapp
ropriatejmedicationsjthanjyounger
physicians.
b. Antibioticjmedicationsjremainjinjthejtopjfiv
ejclassificationsjofjmedicationsjprescribed.

c. Mostjphysiciansjrelyjonjaj“therapeuticjarm
amentarium”jthatjconsistsjofjlessjthanj100jd
rugjpreparationsjperjphysician.
d. Thejdominantjformjofjdrugjinformationjus
edjbyjprimaryjcarejphysiciansjcontinuesjtoj
bejthatjprovidedjbyjpharmaceutical
companies.

, MedConnoisseurjFiles:

ANS:j D
Evenjthoughjmostjphysiciansjclaimjtojplacejlittlejweightjonjdrugjadvertisements,
pharmaceuticaljrepresentatives,jandjpatientjpreferencejandjstatejthatjtheyjrelyjonjacademicj
sourcesjforjdrugjinformation,jajstudyjshowedjthatjcommercialjratherjthanjscientificjsourcesj
ofjdrugjinformationjdominatedjtheirjdrugjinformationjmaterials.jYoungerjphysiciansjtendjto
jprescribejfewerjandjmorejappropriatejdrugs.jAntibioticsjhavejdroppedjoutjofjthejtopjfivejcla
ssificationsjofjdrugsjprescribed.jMostjphysiciansjhavejajtherapeuticjarmamentariumjofjabo
utj144jdrugs.

DIF: CognitivejLevel:jRememberingj(Knowledge) REF:j 3

3. Asjprimaryjcarejnursejpractitionersj(NPs)jcontinuejtojdevelopjtheirjrolejasjprescribersjofjm
edications,jitjwilljbejimportantjto:
a. attainjthejsamejleveljofjexpertisejasjp
hysiciansjwhojcurrentlyjprescribejm
edications.
b. learnjfromjthejexperiencesjofjphysiciansjan
djdevelopjexpertisejbasedjonjevidence-
jbasedjpractice.

c. maintainjcollaborativejandjsupervisorialjrel
ationshipsjwithjphysiciansjwhojwilljoverse
ejprescribingjpractices.
d. developjrelationshipsjwithjpharmaceutical
representativesjtojlearnjaboutjnewjmedicati
onsjasjtheyjarejdeveloped.
ANS:j B
Asjnonphysiciansjdevelopjthejrolesjassociatedjwithjprescriptivejauthority,jitjwilljbejimporta
ntjtojlearnjfromjthejpastjexperiencesjofjphysiciansjandjtojdevelopjprescribingjpracticesjbase
djonjevidence-
basedjmedicine.jItjisjhopedjthatjalljprescribers,jincludingjphysiciansjandjnursejpractitioners,
jwilljstrivejtojdojbetterjthanjinjthejpast.jNPsjshouldjworkjtowardjprescriptivejauthorityjandjf
orjpracticejthatjisjnotjsupervisedjbyjanotherjprofessional.jPharmaceuticaljrepresentativesjpr
ovidejinformationjthatjcarriesjsomejbias.jAcademicjsourcesjarejbetter.

DIF: CognitivejLevel:jApplyingj(Application) REF:j 4

Chapterj02:jHistoricaljReviewjofjPrescriptivejAuthority:jThejRolejofjNursesj(NPs,jC
NMs,jCRNAs,jandjCNSs)jandjPhysicianjAssistants
TestjBank

MULTIPLEjCHOICE

1. AjprimaryjcarejNPjwilljbeginjpracticingjinjajstatejinjwhichjthejgovernorjhasjoptedjoutjofjthej
federaljfacilityjreimbursementjrequirement.jThejNPjshouldjbejawarejthatjthisjdefinesjhowj
NPsjmayjwritejprescriptions:

, MedConnoisseurjFiles:

a. withoutjphysicianjsupervisionjinjprivatejpra
ctice.
b. asjCRNAsjwithoutjphysicianjsupervisionjin
jajhospitaljsetting.

c. injanyjsituationjbutjwilljnotjbejreimbursedjf
orjthisjbyjgovernmentjinsurers.
d. onlyjwithjphysicianjsupervisionjinjbothjpriv
atejpracticejandjajhospitaljsetting.
ANS:j B
Inj2001,jthejCentersjforjMedicarejandjMedicaidjServicesjchangedjthejfederaljphysicianjsup
ervisionjrulejforjCRNAsjtojallowjstatejgovernorsjtojoptjout,jallowingjCRNAsjtojwritejprescri
ptionsjandjdispensejdrugsjwithoutjphysicianjsupervision.

DIF: CognitivejLevel:jUnderstandingj(Comprehension) REF:j 9

2. CRNAsjinjmostjstates:
a. mustjhavejajDrugjEnforcementjAdministra
tionj(DEA)jnumberjtojpractice.
b. mustjhavejprescriptivejauthorityjtojpractice.

c. orderjandjadministerjcontrolledjsubstancesjb
utjdojnotjhavejfulljprescriptivejauthority.
d. administerjmedications,jincludingj
controlledjsubstances,junderjdirectj
physicianjsupervision.
ANS:j C
OnlyjfivejstatesjgrantjindependentjprescriptivejauthorityjtojCRNAs.jCRNAsjdojnotjrequirej
prescriptivejauthorityjbecausejtheyjdispensejajdrugjimmediatelyjtojajpatientjandjdojnotjpres
cribe.jWithoutjprescriptivejauthority,jtheyjdojnotjneedjajDEAjnumber.

DIF: CognitivejLevel:jUnderstandingj(Comprehension) REF:j 9

3. AjCNM:
a. mayjtreatjonlyjwomen.
b. hasjprescriptivejauthorityjinjallj50jstates.
c. mayjadministerjonlyjdrugsjusedjduringjlabo
rjandjdelivery.
d. mayjpracticejonlyjinjbirthingjcentersjandjho
mejbirthjsettings.
ANS:j B

, MedConnoisseurjFiles:

CNMsjhavejprescriptivejauthorityjinjallj50jstates.jTheyjmayjtreatjpartnersjofjwomenjforjse
xuallyjtransmittedjdiseases.jTheyjhavejfulljprescriptivejauthorityjandjarejnotjlimitedjtojdrug
sjusedjduringjchildbirth.jTheyjpracticejinjmanyjotherjtypesjofjsettings.

DIF:j j CognitivejLevel:jRememberingj(Knowledge) REF:j 9

4. Injeveryjstate,jprescriptivejauthorityjforjNPsjincludesjthejabilityjtojwritejprescriptions:
a. forjcontrolledjsubstances.
b. forjspecifiedjclassificationsjofjmedications
.
c. withoutjphysician-mandatedjinvolvement.
d. withjfull,jindependentjprescriptivejauthorit
y.
ANS:j B
AlljstatesjnowjhavejsomejdegreejofjprescriptivejauthorityjgrantedjtojNPs,jbutjnotjalljstatesjal
lowjauthorityjtojprescribejcontrolledjsubstances.jManyjstatesjstilljrequirejsomejdegreejofjph
ysicianjinvolvementjwithjcertainjtypesjofjdrugs.

DIF:j j CognitivejLevel:jUnderstandingj(Comprehension) REF:j 12

5. ThejcurrentjtrendjtowardjtransitioningjNPjprogramsjtojthejdoctoraljleveljwilljmeanjthat:
a. NPsjlicensedjinjonejstatejmayjpracticejinjot
herjstates.
b. fulljprescriptivejauthorityjwilljbejgrantedjt
ojalljNPsjwithjdoctoraljdegrees.
c. NPsjwilljbejbetterjpreparedjtojmeetjemergi
ngjhealthjcarejneedsjofjpatients.
d. requirementsjforjphysicianjsupervisionjofj
NPsjwilljbejremovedjinjalljstates.
ANS:j C
ThejAmericanjAssociationjofjCollegesjofjNursingjhasjrecommendedjtransitioningjgraduate
jleveljNPjprogramsjtojthejdoctoraljleveljasjajresponsejtojchangesjinjhealthjcarejdeliveryjandj
emergingjhealthjcarejneeds.jNPsjwithjdoctoraljdegreesjwilljnotjnecessarilyjhavejfulljprescri
ptivejauthorityjorjbejfreedjfromjrequirementsjaboutjphysicianj supervisionjbecausejthosejare
jsubjectjtojindividualjstatejlaws.jNPsjwilljstilljbejrequiredjtojmeetjlicensurejrequirementsjofje
achjstate.

DIF: CognitivejLevel:jUnderstandingj(Comprehension) REF:j 12

6. Anjimportantjdifferencejbetweenjphysicianjassistantsj(PAs)jandjNPsjisjPAs:
a. alwaysjworkjunderjphysicianjsupervision.
b. arejnotjrequiredjtojfollowjdrugjtreatment