Pathophysiology Exam 1 STUDYGUIDE
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 STUDYGUIDE (3 IN ONE
DOCUMENT) LATEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ GUARANTEED PASS-
ACE YOUR EXAM
A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large,
university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation
between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that cause
disease. Which of the following patients most clearly demonstrates the
consequences of molecules that cause disease?
A. A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion of
packed red blood cells
B. A 91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting from
familial hypercholesterolemia
C. A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen
therapy and chest physiotherapy
D. A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
and is HIV positive. - Correct Answer-D
A 77-year-old man is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a respiratory therapist (RT) is
assessing the client for the first time. Which of the following aspects of the
patient's current state of health would be best characterized as a symptom rather
than a sign?
1|Page
, Pathophysiology Exam 1 STUDYGUIDE
A. The patient's oxygen saturation is 83% by pulse oxymetry.
B. The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine.
C. The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower lung fields
bilaterally.
D. The patient's respiratory rate is 31 breaths/minute. - Correct Answer-B
A male international business traveler has returned from a trip to Indonesia.
While there, he hired a prostitute for companionship and engaged in unprotected
sex on more than one occasion. Unbeknownst to him, this prostitute harbored the
hepatitis C virus. Upon return to the United States, he exhibited no symptoms and
returned to his usual activities. During this period of no outward symptoms, the
man would be classified as being in
A. the preclinical stage of disease.
B. remission and unlikely to develop hepatitis C.
C. the clinical disease stage of hepatitis C.
D. the chronic phase of hepatitis C. - Correct Answer-A
A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of
a number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the
following aspects of clients' situations best characterizes pathogenesis rather than
etiology?
A. A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
B. A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
C. A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
2|Page
, Pathophysiology Exam 1 STUDYGUIDE
D. A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident -
Correct Answer-B
Muscular fibers increase their size as a consequence of practicing physical
exercise. This is an example of:
A. Hypertrophy
B. Atrophy
C. Hyperplasia
D. Metaplasia - Correct Answer-A
Programmed cell death is called - Correct Answer-apoptosis
A 41-year-old female with a family history of breast cancer has had a baseline
mammogram. She states that she performs monthly self-breast exams but really
has a hard time evaluating her lumps since she has numerous cysts. At her annual
mammogram, the technician views a suspicious area and refers her to the
radiologist. She asks the nurse in the office, "How can a lump appear so quickly?"
The nurse's response is based on which of the following principles?
A. A tumor is undetectable until it has doubled 30 times and contains at least 1
billion cells.
B. Many tumor cells never leave the M-phase of the cell cycle.
C. Cancer cells are undifferentiated and come in various shapes and sizes.
D. If the breast has a lot of cysts, then the fluid within those sacs makes it difficult
to feel the hard lumps of a cancer. - Correct Answer-A
3|Page
, Pathophysiology Exam 1 STUDYGUIDE
Of the following situations, which one would be an example of a maladaptive
cellular change?
A. An 18-year-old body builder who has developed extremely large pectoral
muscles following years of weight lifting
B. A 31-year-old marathon runner who has developed hypertrophied myocardial
cells
C. A 54-year-old female who has developed ovarian atrophy following loss of
estrogen stimulation during menopause
D. A 44-year-old male with a 60-pack-per year smoking history who was diagnosed
with a histological grade 3 lung cancer - Correct Answer-D
The family of a 68-year-old man who is in the end stages of small cell lung cancer
are distraught at his visible body wasting that has worsened in recent weeks.
Which of the following phenomena best accounts for the client's anorexia and
cachexia?
A. Inadequate cellular metabolism of glucose results from tumor factors.
B. High fat losses coupled with preservation of muscle mass exaggerate the
appearance of wasting.
C. Products of the tumor itself as well as a hypermetabolic state cause cachexia.
D. Inadequate food intake due to symptoms and treatment results in loss of both
muscle and fat. - Correct Answer-C
Which is characteristic of benign neoplasms?
4|Page
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 STUDYGUIDE (3 IN ONE
DOCUMENT) LATEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ GUARANTEED PASS-
ACE YOUR EXAM
A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large,
university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation
between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that cause
disease. Which of the following patients most clearly demonstrates the
consequences of molecules that cause disease?
A. A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion of
packed red blood cells
B. A 91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting from
familial hypercholesterolemia
C. A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen
therapy and chest physiotherapy
D. A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
and is HIV positive. - Correct Answer-D
A 77-year-old man is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a respiratory therapist (RT) is
assessing the client for the first time. Which of the following aspects of the
patient's current state of health would be best characterized as a symptom rather
than a sign?
1|Page
, Pathophysiology Exam 1 STUDYGUIDE
A. The patient's oxygen saturation is 83% by pulse oxymetry.
B. The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine.
C. The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower lung fields
bilaterally.
D. The patient's respiratory rate is 31 breaths/minute. - Correct Answer-B
A male international business traveler has returned from a trip to Indonesia.
While there, he hired a prostitute for companionship and engaged in unprotected
sex on more than one occasion. Unbeknownst to him, this prostitute harbored the
hepatitis C virus. Upon return to the United States, he exhibited no symptoms and
returned to his usual activities. During this period of no outward symptoms, the
man would be classified as being in
A. the preclinical stage of disease.
B. remission and unlikely to develop hepatitis C.
C. the clinical disease stage of hepatitis C.
D. the chronic phase of hepatitis C. - Correct Answer-A
A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of
a number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the
following aspects of clients' situations best characterizes pathogenesis rather than
etiology?
A. A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
B. A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
C. A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
2|Page
, Pathophysiology Exam 1 STUDYGUIDE
D. A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident -
Correct Answer-B
Muscular fibers increase their size as a consequence of practicing physical
exercise. This is an example of:
A. Hypertrophy
B. Atrophy
C. Hyperplasia
D. Metaplasia - Correct Answer-A
Programmed cell death is called - Correct Answer-apoptosis
A 41-year-old female with a family history of breast cancer has had a baseline
mammogram. She states that she performs monthly self-breast exams but really
has a hard time evaluating her lumps since she has numerous cysts. At her annual
mammogram, the technician views a suspicious area and refers her to the
radiologist. She asks the nurse in the office, "How can a lump appear so quickly?"
The nurse's response is based on which of the following principles?
A. A tumor is undetectable until it has doubled 30 times and contains at least 1
billion cells.
B. Many tumor cells never leave the M-phase of the cell cycle.
C. Cancer cells are undifferentiated and come in various shapes and sizes.
D. If the breast has a lot of cysts, then the fluid within those sacs makes it difficult
to feel the hard lumps of a cancer. - Correct Answer-A
3|Page
, Pathophysiology Exam 1 STUDYGUIDE
Of the following situations, which one would be an example of a maladaptive
cellular change?
A. An 18-year-old body builder who has developed extremely large pectoral
muscles following years of weight lifting
B. A 31-year-old marathon runner who has developed hypertrophied myocardial
cells
C. A 54-year-old female who has developed ovarian atrophy following loss of
estrogen stimulation during menopause
D. A 44-year-old male with a 60-pack-per year smoking history who was diagnosed
with a histological grade 3 lung cancer - Correct Answer-D
The family of a 68-year-old man who is in the end stages of small cell lung cancer
are distraught at his visible body wasting that has worsened in recent weeks.
Which of the following phenomena best accounts for the client's anorexia and
cachexia?
A. Inadequate cellular metabolism of glucose results from tumor factors.
B. High fat losses coupled with preservation of muscle mass exaggerate the
appearance of wasting.
C. Products of the tumor itself as well as a hypermetabolic state cause cachexia.
D. Inadequate food intake due to symptoms and treatment results in loss of both
muscle and fat. - Correct Answer-C
Which is characteristic of benign neoplasms?
4|Page
