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Test Bank for Essential Cell Biology 6th Edition
By Bruce Alberts
All Chapters |Q&A Verified | Grade A+ Assured
ISB 9781324033349
~1~
, THIS DOCUMENT BELONGS TO TESTBANKSPROF
Answers at the End of Each Chapter
Chapter 1: CELLS: THE FUNDAMENTAL UNITS OF LIFE
Unity and Diversity of Cells
1-1 Living systems are incredibly diverse in size, shape, environment, and behavior. It is
estimated that there are between 10 million and 100 million different species. Despite this wide
variety of organisms, it remains difficult to define what it means to say something is alive. Which of
the following can be described as the smallest living unit?
(a) DNA
(b) cell
(c) organelle
(d) protein
1-2 Indicate whether the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false, explain
why it is false.
A. The Paramecium is a multicellular microorganism covered with hair-like cilia.
B. Cells of different types can have different chemical requirements.
C. The branchlike extensions that sprout from a single nerve cell in a mammalian brain can
extend over several hundred micrometers.
1-3 For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected
from the list below. Not all words or phrases will be used; each word or phrase should be used only
once.
Cells can be very diverse: superficially, they come in various sizes, ranging from bacterial cells such
as Lactobacillus, which is a few in length, to larger cells such as a frog’s egg, which has a
diameter of about one .Despite the diversity, cells resemble each other to an astonishing degree in
their chemistry. For example, the same 20 are used to make proteins.
Similarly, the genetic information of all cells is stored in their . Although contain the same types of
molecules as cells, their inability to reproduce themselves by their own efforts means that they are
not considered living matter.
amino acids micrometer(s) viruses
DNA millimeter(s) yeast
fatty acids plants
meter plasma membranes
~2~
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1-4 How does cellular specialization serve multicellular organisms and how might a high degree
of specialization be detrimental?
1-5 The flow of genetic information is controlled by a series of biochemical reactions that result
in the production of proteins, each with its own specific order of amino acids.
Choose the correct series of biochemical reactions from the options presented here.
(a) replication, transcription, translation
(b) replication, translation, transcription
(c) translation, transcription, replication
(d) translation, replication, transcription
1-6 Proteins are important architectural and catalytic components within the cell, helping to
determine its chemistry, its shape, and its ability to respond to changes in the environment.
Remarkably, all of the different proteins in a cell are made from the same
20 . By linking them in different sequences, the cell can make protein molecules with different
conformations and surface chemistries, and therefore different functions.
(a) nucleotides.
(b) sugars.
(c) amino acids.
(d) fatty acids.
1-7 Which statement is NOT true about mutations?
(a) A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate offspring less fit for survival than their
parents.
(b) A mutation can be a result of imperfect DNA duplication.
(c) A mutation is a result of sexual reproduction.
(d) A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate offspring that are as fit for survival as
their parents are.
1-8 Changes in DNA sequence from one generation to the next may result in offspring that are
altered in fitness compared with their parents. The process of change and selection over the course
of many generations is the basis of .
(a) mutation.
~3~
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(b) evolution.
(c) heredity.
(d) reproduction.
1-9 Select the option that best finishes the following statement: “Evolution is a process.”
(a) that can be understood based on the principles of mutation and selection.
(b) that results from repeated cycles of adaptation over billions of years.
(c) by which all present-day cells arose from 4–5 different ancestral cells.
(d) that requires hundreds of thousands of years.
1-10 Select the option that correctly finishes the following statement: “A cell’s genome.”
(a) is defined as all the genes being used to make protein.
(b) contains all of a cell’s DNA.
(c) constantly changes, depending upon the cell’s environment.
(d) is altered during embryonic development.
Cells Under the Microscope
1-11 Which statement is NOT true about the events/conclusions from studies during the mid
1800s surrounding the discovery of cells?
(a) Cells came to be known as the smallest universal building block of living organisms.
(b) Scientists came to the conclusion that new cells can form spontaneously from the remnants
of ruptured cells.
(c) Light microscopy was essential in demonstrating the commonalities between plant and
animal tissues.
(d) New cells arise from the growth and division of previously existing cells.
1-12 What unit of length would you generally use to measure atypical plant or animal cell?
(a) centimeters
(b) nanometers
(c) millimeters
(d) micrometers
~4~
Test Bank for Essential Cell Biology 6th Edition
By Bruce Alberts
All Chapters |Q&A Verified | Grade A+ Assured
ISB 9781324033349
~1~
, THIS DOCUMENT BELONGS TO TESTBANKSPROF
Answers at the End of Each Chapter
Chapter 1: CELLS: THE FUNDAMENTAL UNITS OF LIFE
Unity and Diversity of Cells
1-1 Living systems are incredibly diverse in size, shape, environment, and behavior. It is
estimated that there are between 10 million and 100 million different species. Despite this wide
variety of organisms, it remains difficult to define what it means to say something is alive. Which of
the following can be described as the smallest living unit?
(a) DNA
(b) cell
(c) organelle
(d) protein
1-2 Indicate whether the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false, explain
why it is false.
A. The Paramecium is a multicellular microorganism covered with hair-like cilia.
B. Cells of different types can have different chemical requirements.
C. The branchlike extensions that sprout from a single nerve cell in a mammalian brain can
extend over several hundred micrometers.
1-3 For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected
from the list below. Not all words or phrases will be used; each word or phrase should be used only
once.
Cells can be very diverse: superficially, they come in various sizes, ranging from bacterial cells such
as Lactobacillus, which is a few in length, to larger cells such as a frog’s egg, which has a
diameter of about one .Despite the diversity, cells resemble each other to an astonishing degree in
their chemistry. For example, the same 20 are used to make proteins.
Similarly, the genetic information of all cells is stored in their . Although contain the same types of
molecules as cells, their inability to reproduce themselves by their own efforts means that they are
not considered living matter.
amino acids micrometer(s) viruses
DNA millimeter(s) yeast
fatty acids plants
meter plasma membranes
~2~
, THIS DOCUMENT BELONGS TO TESTBANKSPROF
1-4 How does cellular specialization serve multicellular organisms and how might a high degree
of specialization be detrimental?
1-5 The flow of genetic information is controlled by a series of biochemical reactions that result
in the production of proteins, each with its own specific order of amino acids.
Choose the correct series of biochemical reactions from the options presented here.
(a) replication, transcription, translation
(b) replication, translation, transcription
(c) translation, transcription, replication
(d) translation, replication, transcription
1-6 Proteins are important architectural and catalytic components within the cell, helping to
determine its chemistry, its shape, and its ability to respond to changes in the environment.
Remarkably, all of the different proteins in a cell are made from the same
20 . By linking them in different sequences, the cell can make protein molecules with different
conformations and surface chemistries, and therefore different functions.
(a) nucleotides.
(b) sugars.
(c) amino acids.
(d) fatty acids.
1-7 Which statement is NOT true about mutations?
(a) A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate offspring less fit for survival than their
parents.
(b) A mutation can be a result of imperfect DNA duplication.
(c) A mutation is a result of sexual reproduction.
(d) A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate offspring that are as fit for survival as
their parents are.
1-8 Changes in DNA sequence from one generation to the next may result in offspring that are
altered in fitness compared with their parents. The process of change and selection over the course
of many generations is the basis of .
(a) mutation.
~3~
, THIS DOCUMENT BELONGS TO TESTBANKSPROF
(b) evolution.
(c) heredity.
(d) reproduction.
1-9 Select the option that best finishes the following statement: “Evolution is a process.”
(a) that can be understood based on the principles of mutation and selection.
(b) that results from repeated cycles of adaptation over billions of years.
(c) by which all present-day cells arose from 4–5 different ancestral cells.
(d) that requires hundreds of thousands of years.
1-10 Select the option that correctly finishes the following statement: “A cell’s genome.”
(a) is defined as all the genes being used to make protein.
(b) contains all of a cell’s DNA.
(c) constantly changes, depending upon the cell’s environment.
(d) is altered during embryonic development.
Cells Under the Microscope
1-11 Which statement is NOT true about the events/conclusions from studies during the mid
1800s surrounding the discovery of cells?
(a) Cells came to be known as the smallest universal building block of living organisms.
(b) Scientists came to the conclusion that new cells can form spontaneously from the remnants
of ruptured cells.
(c) Light microscopy was essential in demonstrating the commonalities between plant and
animal tissues.
(d) New cells arise from the growth and division of previously existing cells.
1-12 What unit of length would you generally use to measure atypical plant or animal cell?
(a) centimeters
(b) nanometers
(c) millimeters
(d) micrometers
~4~
