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1) What are the six stages of the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change? -
Correct Answer: 1) Precontemplation, 2) Contemplation, 3) Preparation,
4) Action, 5) Maintenance, 6) Termination.
2) What occurs during the Precontemplation stage of change? - Correct
Answer: The individual is unaware of having a problem and takes no action.
3) What is the focus of Change Theories in mental health? - Correct
Answer: Change Theories emphasize that intent to change, positive
attitudes, social environment, and personal control influence behavior
changes.
4) What is Freud's concept of the unconscious? - Correct Answer: The
unconscious is rarely recognized by the conscious mind, with preconscious
material capable of entering consciousness, often through dreams.
,5) What are the three components of Freud's personality structure? -
Correct Answer: Id (primitive instincts), Ego (reality contact), and Superego
(ethics and standards).
6) What does the Id represent in Freud's theory? - Correct Answer: The Id
represents unconscious desires and primitive instincts, including sexual and
aggressive tendencies.
7) What is the function of the Ego in Freud's personality structure? -
Correct Answer: The Ego manages perception, memory, motor control, and
defense mechanisms, essential for forming mutually satisfying relationships.
8) How is the Superego formed according to Freud? - Correct Answer: The
Superego is formed in childhood through interactions with adults,
particularly parents, and encompasses ethics and self-criticism.
9) What is the goal of treatment in Biological Theories? - Correct Answer:
The goal is to correct chemical changes in the brain or repair physical
damage related to mental illness.
10) What does Maslow's hierarchy of needs address in therapy? -
Correct Answer: It addresses the importance of fulfilling basic needs to
support overall mental health and well-being.
11) What is the Stuart Stress Adaptation Model? - Correct Answer: It
is a framework that explains how individuals adapt to stress and the
importance of managing stressors in mental health.
,12) What is the significance of social support in Social Theories? -
Correct Answer: Social Theories posit that abnormal behaviors result from
lacking social support rather than from an illness requiring medical
attention.
13) Precontemplation - Correct Answer: Individual doesn't know they
have a problem - no action taken.
14) Contemplation - Correct Answer: Beginning awareness of
problem - starting to consider pros and cons of behavior.
15) Preparation - Correct Answer: Intention to take action in near
future - small steps toward change.
16) Action - Correct Answer: Takes explicit action to change - positive
change occurs as a result.
17) Maintenance - Correct Answer: Actively works to prevent relapse
- lasts as long as the problematic behavior no longer occurs.
18) Termination - Correct Answer: No temptation to return to the
problematic behavior.
, 19) Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) - Correct Answer: Score ≥ 4:
High likelihood of ADHD; warrants further assessment.
<4 : ADHD less likely but not ruled out
20) Connors Scale (ADHD Scale - Parent/Teacher/Adult) - Correct
Answer: T < 60: Average range.
T = 60-70: Mild to moderate ADHD symptoms. ▪ T > 70: Significant ADHD
symptoms; further evaluation recommended.
21) Vanderbilt Assessment Scale (ADHD) - Correct Answer: Symptom
count in symptom clusters for ADHD diagnosis:
▪ 6/9 symptoms for inattention or 6/9 for hyperactivity/impulsivity.
▪ Impairment in at least 2 settings (e.g., home, school).
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) - Correct Answer: o 0-9: Low
likelihood of depression.
o 10-12: Possible depression; consider monitoring.
o ≥13: Likely depression; further evaluation recommended
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) - Correct Answer: o 0-13: Minimal
depression.
o 14-19: Mild depression.
o 20-28: Moderate depression.
o 29-63: Severe depression.