Fundamental Concepts of Practical Nursing II Study Guide – Comprehensive
Exam Review, NCLEX-PN Practice Questions, Clinical Skills, Pharmacology
& Patient Care Principles
Fundamental Concepts of Practical Nursing II
Week 1 Day 1:
Due Mondays by 10AM. Learning competency. Make sure to write down
everything she says because theres a reason for it. 6-9 hours per class. Must read
material since all the exams are derived from. Tutoring 9AM Tuesdays.
Treatment/Preventative errors: May have you mark leg before amputation,
catheter must always be sterile. Say if you broke sterilization and put it in anyway
then it would be an treatment error. Communication error: Trying to explain
something to someone and other person doesn’t understand might have another
person explain in a different way. All about the perception.
Active Errors vs Latent errors: By organization, they might have a procedure
where they have mistakes or not using best practice then thats an organization
error and administration would be needed to contacted.
Culture safety: Teamwork, don’t just blame find out what went wrong.
QSEN: Project started to make sure that future/new nurses they have knowledge
skills, and attitudes necessary to improve quality and safety of those patients.
Knowledge: To have knowledge to be able to safe skills, Nurses need to be able to
describe the benefits of selected enhancing technologies ex. Barcodes, EHR.
Skills: Nurses need skills to utilze tools to help with a safer system, to develop
skills that are effective
Attitudes: personal and professional attitudes are important in shaping nursing
practice, effects safety and effectiveness
Advocacy: speaking up for others to assist them to meet their needs. Private
institutes don’t care how much you spend but medicaid is different and cares
greatly.
Interrelated concepts: Safety and quality, listening, collaboration and care
coordination, culture, critical thinking, communication. EX: May do a treatment
outside of when they usually sleep so not to distrub their sleep patterns.
1
,Theoretical Links: Human factors (relationships, technology, environment in
which they work) Crew resource management, high reliability organizations (role
of human facts in high stress, high risk work environments) High reliability
Organizations: manage work that involves hazardous environments where the
consequences of errors are high but occurrence is low.
Schedule drugs classification. Schedule I is like heroin, marijuana street drugs.
2
,Week 1 Day 2:
Physical Assessment: process of making an evaluation or appraisal of patients
condition. Using signs and symptoms help with assessment of patient.
Signs: Objective data perceived by examiner (us), Can be seen, heard, measured
and verified by more than one person. Examples: Rashes, changing vital signs, or
drainage. Lab results, diagnostic imaging or other studies
Symptoms: Subjective data perceived by the patient. Nurse may be unaware of
symptoms unless the patient describes the sensation. May be able to see symptoms
because of pain on face or groaning in pain. Examples: Pain, nausea, vertigo
anxiety.
Nursing Health History is the initial step in assessment process. Gather
information on patient wellness, changes in life patterns, sociocultural role and
mental and emotional reaction to illness. They may cry, or have a bad attitudes
because of illness. Biographic data: address, birthdate, sex. Reasons for seeking
health care, chief complaint. Present illness or health concerns, past health history,
family history, environmental history (Do they live in poverty or a hazardous
place), psychosocial and cultural history (can this affect the way they perceive
health?) Review of systems
Sensory Perception: involves detecting stimuli, characterizing and recognizing it.
Nurse in ER may be able to identify drug abuse, stroke, etc. This may be through
sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing.
Vision related to concept of safety- Risk Factors: Increased fall risk,
antihistamine meds - blurred vision, Antihypertensive meds - blurred vision,
cataracts, glaucoma, Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) Lifestyles and
occupation- Failure to use PPE when working around infectious patient or
hazardous equipment. Assessment Techniques: PERRLA (Pupils, Equalness,
Reactive to light, Accommodate) Inspect eye structures- eyelids, symmetry,
redness, irritation in conjunctiva and sclera, Snellen chart to assess vision Nursing
Interventions: Magnifying glass, remove throw rugs, clear pathways, remove any
hazards to avoid falls, refer to ophthalmologist annually, clean glasses daily,
Patient education (biggest part of our career to make sure they understand for
their own protection) Adaptive methods- Braille, large print books. At birth nurses
will put in silver nitrite to help fight any STDS to protect child. Medical
treatment: Glasses, contacts, surgery, medications, adaptive methods- braille.
Cataracts is a clouding or loss of transparency of the lens in the eye as a result of
tissue breakdowns and protein clumping. Surgery replaces lens with artificial lens
3
, lasts for reminder of life. Causes of cataracts, aging, cortisone medication, trauma,
diabetes and other diseases. Affect most people in old age. Symptoms: double or
blurred vision, sensitivity to light and glare. A cardinal sign of cataracts is the misty
vision A physician can diagnose by examining eyes with viewing. Sunglasses can
help with this. Nursing Interventions: Pre-op and post- op of care. When
approaching patient speak to them as you approach, refusal of treatment is biggest
issue for patients because they may be scared,
4
Exam Review, NCLEX-PN Practice Questions, Clinical Skills, Pharmacology
& Patient Care Principles
Fundamental Concepts of Practical Nursing II
Week 1 Day 1:
Due Mondays by 10AM. Learning competency. Make sure to write down
everything she says because theres a reason for it. 6-9 hours per class. Must read
material since all the exams are derived from. Tutoring 9AM Tuesdays.
Treatment/Preventative errors: May have you mark leg before amputation,
catheter must always be sterile. Say if you broke sterilization and put it in anyway
then it would be an treatment error. Communication error: Trying to explain
something to someone and other person doesn’t understand might have another
person explain in a different way. All about the perception.
Active Errors vs Latent errors: By organization, they might have a procedure
where they have mistakes or not using best practice then thats an organization
error and administration would be needed to contacted.
Culture safety: Teamwork, don’t just blame find out what went wrong.
QSEN: Project started to make sure that future/new nurses they have knowledge
skills, and attitudes necessary to improve quality and safety of those patients.
Knowledge: To have knowledge to be able to safe skills, Nurses need to be able to
describe the benefits of selected enhancing technologies ex. Barcodes, EHR.
Skills: Nurses need skills to utilze tools to help with a safer system, to develop
skills that are effective
Attitudes: personal and professional attitudes are important in shaping nursing
practice, effects safety and effectiveness
Advocacy: speaking up for others to assist them to meet their needs. Private
institutes don’t care how much you spend but medicaid is different and cares
greatly.
Interrelated concepts: Safety and quality, listening, collaboration and care
coordination, culture, critical thinking, communication. EX: May do a treatment
outside of when they usually sleep so not to distrub their sleep patterns.
1
,Theoretical Links: Human factors (relationships, technology, environment in
which they work) Crew resource management, high reliability organizations (role
of human facts in high stress, high risk work environments) High reliability
Organizations: manage work that involves hazardous environments where the
consequences of errors are high but occurrence is low.
Schedule drugs classification. Schedule I is like heroin, marijuana street drugs.
2
,Week 1 Day 2:
Physical Assessment: process of making an evaluation or appraisal of patients
condition. Using signs and symptoms help with assessment of patient.
Signs: Objective data perceived by examiner (us), Can be seen, heard, measured
and verified by more than one person. Examples: Rashes, changing vital signs, or
drainage. Lab results, diagnostic imaging or other studies
Symptoms: Subjective data perceived by the patient. Nurse may be unaware of
symptoms unless the patient describes the sensation. May be able to see symptoms
because of pain on face or groaning in pain. Examples: Pain, nausea, vertigo
anxiety.
Nursing Health History is the initial step in assessment process. Gather
information on patient wellness, changes in life patterns, sociocultural role and
mental and emotional reaction to illness. They may cry, or have a bad attitudes
because of illness. Biographic data: address, birthdate, sex. Reasons for seeking
health care, chief complaint. Present illness or health concerns, past health history,
family history, environmental history (Do they live in poverty or a hazardous
place), psychosocial and cultural history (can this affect the way they perceive
health?) Review of systems
Sensory Perception: involves detecting stimuli, characterizing and recognizing it.
Nurse in ER may be able to identify drug abuse, stroke, etc. This may be through
sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing.
Vision related to concept of safety- Risk Factors: Increased fall risk,
antihistamine meds - blurred vision, Antihypertensive meds - blurred vision,
cataracts, glaucoma, Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) Lifestyles and
occupation- Failure to use PPE when working around infectious patient or
hazardous equipment. Assessment Techniques: PERRLA (Pupils, Equalness,
Reactive to light, Accommodate) Inspect eye structures- eyelids, symmetry,
redness, irritation in conjunctiva and sclera, Snellen chart to assess vision Nursing
Interventions: Magnifying glass, remove throw rugs, clear pathways, remove any
hazards to avoid falls, refer to ophthalmologist annually, clean glasses daily,
Patient education (biggest part of our career to make sure they understand for
their own protection) Adaptive methods- Braille, large print books. At birth nurses
will put in silver nitrite to help fight any STDS to protect child. Medical
treatment: Glasses, contacts, surgery, medications, adaptive methods- braille.
Cataracts is a clouding or loss of transparency of the lens in the eye as a result of
tissue breakdowns and protein clumping. Surgery replaces lens with artificial lens
3
, lasts for reminder of life. Causes of cataracts, aging, cortisone medication, trauma,
diabetes and other diseases. Affect most people in old age. Symptoms: double or
blurred vision, sensitivity to light and glare. A cardinal sign of cataracts is the misty
vision A physician can diagnose by examining eyes with viewing. Sunglasses can
help with this. Nursing Interventions: Pre-op and post- op of care. When
approaching patient speak to them as you approach, refusal of treatment is biggest
issue for patients because they may be scared,
4
