Patho Exam 3- NSU Nursing Practice
Questions and All Correct Answers
2026 Updated.
What is the reversible inflammatory response process of the pancreatic pacini - Answer
acute pancreatitis
What results from premature activation of pancreatic enzymes? - Answer acute pancreatitis
what are the accessory organs of the GI tract - Answer liver, pancreas(exocrine), and
gallbladder
what hepatic vessel supplies the digestive tract and major abdominal organs? - Answer
hepatic portal vein
what hepatic vessel empties into the inferior VC - Answer hepatic vein
what supplies insulin and glucagon needed in cell metabolism - Answer endocrine pancreas
What are the functions of the liver? - Answer -Produce digestive enzymes (bile salts) -
synthesize plasma proteins, glucose, and blood clotting factors-metabolize fats, proteins, and
carbs-responsible for degrading & eliminating hormones and drugs. -eliminates bilirubin-filters
blood & eliminates bacteria
what assesses injury to liver cells - Answer serum aminotransferase levels
what is used to measure hepatic excretory function - Answer serum bilirubin, GGT, and
alkaline phosphate
what is an angiography used for - Answer to visualize hepatic or portal circulation
true or false: pancreatic enzymes are excreted in active form - Answer false, they are
excreted in inactive form and activated in the intestine
what does pancreatic amylase do? - Answer Breaks down starch and lipases, which hydrolyze
neutral fats into glycerol and fatty acids
,Pancreatic secretions contain proteolytic enzymes that do what? - Answer break down
dietary proteins
what are common causes of acute pancreatitis - Answer -Gallstones (stones in the common
duct)
-Alcohol abuse
-Hyperlipidemia
-Hyperparathyroidism
-Infections (particularly viral)
-Abdominal and surgical trauma
-Drugs such as steroids and thiazide diuretics
what is the process of pathogenesis in acute pancreatitis? - Answer 1. trypsin 2. trypsin
activates digestive enzymes causing pancreatic injury 3. inflammatory respond 4. tissue damage
during respiration, what is removed and what is added? - Answer CO2 removed, O2 added
low O2 in blood is referred to as what - Answer hypoxemia
excessive CO2 in blood is called what - Answer hypercapnia
what may occur as a result of the following: inadequate O2 in air, disease of respiratory system,
dysfunction of neuro system, and/or alterations in circulatory function? - Answer hypoxemia
does mild hypoxemia lead to metabolic alkalosis or metabolic acidosis - Answer metabolic
acidosis
does mild hypoxemia increase or decrease HR - Answer increase
does mild hypoxia lead to peripheral vasodilation or vasoconstriction - Answer
vasocontriction
does BP decrease or increase with mild hypoxemia - Answer increase
cyanosis is seen in what type of hypoxemia - Answer chronic hypoxemia
does chronic hypoxemia lead to an increase or decrease production of RBC - Answer increase
, what does increased arterial PCO2 refer to? - Answer hypercapnia
does hypercapnia cause respiratory alkalosis or respiratory acidosis? - Answer respiratory
acidosis
what are some factors that lead to asthmatic attack - Answer allergens, resp tract infection,
exercise, drugs/chemicals, hormonal or emotional upsets, airborne pollutants,
gastroesophageal reflux.
symptoms of less than or equal to 2 times a week falls under what asthma severity category? -
Answer mild intermittent
symptoms greater than 2 times a week but less than once a day falls under what asthma
severity category? - Answer mild persistant
daily asthma attacks fall under what severity? - Answer moderate persistent
continual symptoms of asthma attacks falls under what severity - Answer severe persistent
What type of asthma only effects the airway NOT the alveoli? - Answer Bronchial Asthma
what is the narrowing of bronchial tubes through constriction of smooth muscle around &
within bronchial walls? - Answer bronchospasm
severe bronchospasm can severely limit what? - Answer airflow
in broncial asthma, inflammation obstructs what of the airway? - Answer The lumen
Allergens bind to what antibodies? - Answer IgE
T or F: Inflammation is the only thing that occurs in a bronchospasm. - Answer F,
Inflammation & constriction both occur.
Inflammation and fibrosis of the bronchial wall is seen in what disease? - Answer Chronic
Obstructive Airway Disease
Questions and All Correct Answers
2026 Updated.
What is the reversible inflammatory response process of the pancreatic pacini - Answer
acute pancreatitis
What results from premature activation of pancreatic enzymes? - Answer acute pancreatitis
what are the accessory organs of the GI tract - Answer liver, pancreas(exocrine), and
gallbladder
what hepatic vessel supplies the digestive tract and major abdominal organs? - Answer
hepatic portal vein
what hepatic vessel empties into the inferior VC - Answer hepatic vein
what supplies insulin and glucagon needed in cell metabolism - Answer endocrine pancreas
What are the functions of the liver? - Answer -Produce digestive enzymes (bile salts) -
synthesize plasma proteins, glucose, and blood clotting factors-metabolize fats, proteins, and
carbs-responsible for degrading & eliminating hormones and drugs. -eliminates bilirubin-filters
blood & eliminates bacteria
what assesses injury to liver cells - Answer serum aminotransferase levels
what is used to measure hepatic excretory function - Answer serum bilirubin, GGT, and
alkaline phosphate
what is an angiography used for - Answer to visualize hepatic or portal circulation
true or false: pancreatic enzymes are excreted in active form - Answer false, they are
excreted in inactive form and activated in the intestine
what does pancreatic amylase do? - Answer Breaks down starch and lipases, which hydrolyze
neutral fats into glycerol and fatty acids
,Pancreatic secretions contain proteolytic enzymes that do what? - Answer break down
dietary proteins
what are common causes of acute pancreatitis - Answer -Gallstones (stones in the common
duct)
-Alcohol abuse
-Hyperlipidemia
-Hyperparathyroidism
-Infections (particularly viral)
-Abdominal and surgical trauma
-Drugs such as steroids and thiazide diuretics
what is the process of pathogenesis in acute pancreatitis? - Answer 1. trypsin 2. trypsin
activates digestive enzymes causing pancreatic injury 3. inflammatory respond 4. tissue damage
during respiration, what is removed and what is added? - Answer CO2 removed, O2 added
low O2 in blood is referred to as what - Answer hypoxemia
excessive CO2 in blood is called what - Answer hypercapnia
what may occur as a result of the following: inadequate O2 in air, disease of respiratory system,
dysfunction of neuro system, and/or alterations in circulatory function? - Answer hypoxemia
does mild hypoxemia lead to metabolic alkalosis or metabolic acidosis - Answer metabolic
acidosis
does mild hypoxemia increase or decrease HR - Answer increase
does mild hypoxia lead to peripheral vasodilation or vasoconstriction - Answer
vasocontriction
does BP decrease or increase with mild hypoxemia - Answer increase
cyanosis is seen in what type of hypoxemia - Answer chronic hypoxemia
does chronic hypoxemia lead to an increase or decrease production of RBC - Answer increase
, what does increased arterial PCO2 refer to? - Answer hypercapnia
does hypercapnia cause respiratory alkalosis or respiratory acidosis? - Answer respiratory
acidosis
what are some factors that lead to asthmatic attack - Answer allergens, resp tract infection,
exercise, drugs/chemicals, hormonal or emotional upsets, airborne pollutants,
gastroesophageal reflux.
symptoms of less than or equal to 2 times a week falls under what asthma severity category? -
Answer mild intermittent
symptoms greater than 2 times a week but less than once a day falls under what asthma
severity category? - Answer mild persistant
daily asthma attacks fall under what severity? - Answer moderate persistent
continual symptoms of asthma attacks falls under what severity - Answer severe persistent
What type of asthma only effects the airway NOT the alveoli? - Answer Bronchial Asthma
what is the narrowing of bronchial tubes through constriction of smooth muscle around &
within bronchial walls? - Answer bronchospasm
severe bronchospasm can severely limit what? - Answer airflow
in broncial asthma, inflammation obstructs what of the airway? - Answer The lumen
Allergens bind to what antibodies? - Answer IgE
T or F: Inflammation is the only thing that occurs in a bronchospasm. - Answer F,
Inflammation & constriction both occur.
Inflammation and fibrosis of the bronchial wall is seen in what disease? - Answer Chronic
Obstructive Airway Disease
