INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
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NANCY HATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
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5th Edition
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TESTBANK 1
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,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
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Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
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1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and
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families likely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
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A. Joseph Brennaman g1
B. John Bowlby g1
C. Marshal Klaus g1
D. John Kennell g1
g1 Answer: B g1
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
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study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother
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because of hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital
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visiting policies for children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation
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g1for infants contributed to high infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s
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g1and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John Kennell carried out
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importantstudies on the effect of the separation of newborns and parents. They
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established that early separation may have long-term effects on family
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relationships and that offering the new family an opportunity to be together at
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birth and for a significant period after birth may provide benefitsthat last well
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into early childhood.
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Question format: Multiple Choice
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Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
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Cognitive Level: Remember
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Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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Integrated Process: Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 4 g1 g1
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth
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than do white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons
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for this, the nurse accurately states that which is the major reason for the
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high maternal mortality rate?
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A. Having formal education. g1 g1
B. Being unmarried. g1
C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care.g1 g1 g1
Answer: D g1
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of
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prenatal care secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as
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well as educational level may play a role in the availability of health care,
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g1but they are not directly responsible. Being unmarried has no bearing on infant
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mortality.
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Question format: Multiple Choice
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Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
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Cognitive Level: Understand
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,Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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Integrated Process: Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 9 g1 g1
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
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A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
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B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
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C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
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D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
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Answer: D g1
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before
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he or she reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal
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mortality rate is the number of infant deaths during the first 28 days of life
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g1for every 1,000 live births. Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths during the
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g1first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births. Question format: Multiple Choice
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Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
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Cognitive Level: Remember
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Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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Integrated Process: Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 9 g1 g1
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of
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maternity care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly
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influencing the practice of maternity care in the United States over the past
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century?
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A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
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B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
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C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
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D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth
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g1 attendants Answer: B g1 g1
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The
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development of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the
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germ theory advanced the progress of general health care and decreased infections
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g1in laboring women. Pediatrics as a specialty is an important step forward but is
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not the greatest development, and midwives are still in practice. Maternity care
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continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under development. Forceps are
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not considered an advance in maternity care.
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Question format: Multiple Choice
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Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
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Cognitive Level: Analyze
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Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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, Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
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Reference: p. 3
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5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an
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antiseptic during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was
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started by which physician?
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A. Louis Pasteur g1
B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis
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C. Joseph Lister g1
D. Alexander Gordon g1
g1 Answer: C g1
Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's
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theory of microorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid
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as an antiseptic during surgery and improved the survival rates of his patients.
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Alexander Gordon proposed the theory of infection. Oliver Wendell Holmes and
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Ignaz Philip Semmelweis confirmed his theory.
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Question format: Multiple Choice
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Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
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Cognitive Level: Apply
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Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated
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Process: Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 4 g1 g1
6. A young couple are very excited to learn they are expecting their first
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child and question the nurse about which test they need to discover its gender. Which
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procedure will best provide this information to the couple?
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A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic villus sampling g1 g1
D. HGP
Answer: A g1
Rationale: Ultrasound is a visual method for assessing the fetus in the uterus and will
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g1provide information about the gender. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling
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g1provide the entire genetic code of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human Genome
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Project, which can provide information regarding gene mutations and variations.
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Question format: Multiple Choice
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Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
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Cognitive Level: Apply
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Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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Integrated Process: Caring
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Reference: p. 6 g1 g1