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NURS 5433 FNP II Midterm Exam 2026/2027: Actual
Questions, Answers & Detailed Explanations
Practice Question 1
Describe the characteristic symptoms and clinical presentation of blepharitis in a
patient presenting to primary care.
Correct answer:
Blepharitis presents with crusting along the eyelid margins, redness at the lid
margin, debris at the base of the eyelashes, burning, irritation, and foreign body
sensation.
Explanation:
Blepharitis is an inflammatory condition of the eyelid margins. It can cause
discomfort and visual irritation due to debris accumulation and inflammation.
Early recognition prevents complications like keratitis or chronic ocular surface
irritation.
Practice Question 2
What are appropriate pharmacologic treatments for persistent or resistant
blepharitis?
Correct answer:
Oral antibiotics such as doxycycline or tetracycline for resistant cases.
Explanation:
When eyelid hygiene alone is insufficient, low-dose oral antibiotics reduce
inflammation and bacterial overgrowth, especially in posterior blepharitis or
rosacea-associated eyelid disease.
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Practice Question 3
A patient with eyelid scaling, redness, and irritation requires initial management.
What is recommended first?
Correct answer:
Start with lid hygiene using warm compresses and gentle lid scrubs.
Explanation:
Conservative measures like lid hygiene remove debris, improve ocular surface
health, and are first-line before pharmacologic interventions.
Practice Question 4
Which systemic condition is often associated with posterior blepharitis?
Correct answer:
Rosacea.
Explanation:
Posterior blepharitis is linked to meibomian gland dysfunction and dermatologic
conditions such as rosacea, contributing to chronic inflammation.
Practice Question 5
A painful, red swelling at the eyelid margin is most consistent with which
diagnosis?
Correct answer:
Hordeolum (stye).
Explanation:
Hordeola are acute infections of the eyelid glands, presenting as tender lumps
requiring warm compresses and sometimes topical or oral antibiotics.
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Practice Question 6
What is the preferred initial management strategy for a hordeolum?
Correct answer:
Application of warm compresses several times daily.
Explanation:
Warm compresses promote drainage and resolution of the infection, reducing the
need for antibiotics unless the condition worsens.
Practice Question 7
What laboratory criteria are used to diagnose diabetes mellitus?
Correct answer:
Fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL, random blood glucose ≥200 mg/dL, or HbA1c
≥6.5%.
Explanation:
These values meet standard diagnostic thresholds for diabetes and are predictive
of long-term microvascular complications.
Practice Question 8
When diagnosing metabolic syndrome, how many criteria must be present?
Correct answer:
Three or more of five criteria: elevated waist circumference, blood pressure,
fasting glucose, triglycerides, and low HDL.
Explanation:
The presence of at least three risk factors indicates increased cardiovascular risk
and guides lifestyle or pharmacologic interventions.
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Practice Question 9
What lifestyle modification is most important for a patient newly diagnosed with
Type 2 diabetes?
Correct answer:
Structured diet, regular exercise, and weight management.
Explanation:
Lifestyle changes are foundational for glycemic control and often precede or
complement pharmacotherapy.
Practice Question 10
For mild allergic rhinitis, what is the first-line pharmacologic therapy?
Correct answer:
Second-generation oral antihistamines such as cetirizine or loratadine.
Explanation:
Second-generation antihistamines reduce sneezing, itching, and rhinorrhea with
minimal sedation, making them suitable for first-line treatment.
Practice Question 11
What is the first-line treatment for moderate to severe allergic rhinitis?
Correct answer:
Daily intranasal corticosteroids such as fluticasone.
Explanation:
Intranasal corticosteroids reduce nasal inflammation and control persistent
symptoms more effectively than antihistamines alone.
NURS 5433 FNP II Midterm Exam 2026/2027: Actual
Questions, Answers & Detailed Explanations
Practice Question 1
Describe the characteristic symptoms and clinical presentation of blepharitis in a
patient presenting to primary care.
Correct answer:
Blepharitis presents with crusting along the eyelid margins, redness at the lid
margin, debris at the base of the eyelashes, burning, irritation, and foreign body
sensation.
Explanation:
Blepharitis is an inflammatory condition of the eyelid margins. It can cause
discomfort and visual irritation due to debris accumulation and inflammation.
Early recognition prevents complications like keratitis or chronic ocular surface
irritation.
Practice Question 2
What are appropriate pharmacologic treatments for persistent or resistant
blepharitis?
Correct answer:
Oral antibiotics such as doxycycline or tetracycline for resistant cases.
Explanation:
When eyelid hygiene alone is insufficient, low-dose oral antibiotics reduce
inflammation and bacterial overgrowth, especially in posterior blepharitis or
rosacea-associated eyelid disease.
, 2
Practice Question 3
A patient with eyelid scaling, redness, and irritation requires initial management.
What is recommended first?
Correct answer:
Start with lid hygiene using warm compresses and gentle lid scrubs.
Explanation:
Conservative measures like lid hygiene remove debris, improve ocular surface
health, and are first-line before pharmacologic interventions.
Practice Question 4
Which systemic condition is often associated with posterior blepharitis?
Correct answer:
Rosacea.
Explanation:
Posterior blepharitis is linked to meibomian gland dysfunction and dermatologic
conditions such as rosacea, contributing to chronic inflammation.
Practice Question 5
A painful, red swelling at the eyelid margin is most consistent with which
diagnosis?
Correct answer:
Hordeolum (stye).
Explanation:
Hordeola are acute infections of the eyelid glands, presenting as tender lumps
requiring warm compresses and sometimes topical or oral antibiotics.
, 3
Practice Question 6
What is the preferred initial management strategy for a hordeolum?
Correct answer:
Application of warm compresses several times daily.
Explanation:
Warm compresses promote drainage and resolution of the infection, reducing the
need for antibiotics unless the condition worsens.
Practice Question 7
What laboratory criteria are used to diagnose diabetes mellitus?
Correct answer:
Fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL, random blood glucose ≥200 mg/dL, or HbA1c
≥6.5%.
Explanation:
These values meet standard diagnostic thresholds for diabetes and are predictive
of long-term microvascular complications.
Practice Question 8
When diagnosing metabolic syndrome, how many criteria must be present?
Correct answer:
Three or more of five criteria: elevated waist circumference, blood pressure,
fasting glucose, triglycerides, and low HDL.
Explanation:
The presence of at least three risk factors indicates increased cardiovascular risk
and guides lifestyle or pharmacologic interventions.
, 4
Practice Question 9
What lifestyle modification is most important for a patient newly diagnosed with
Type 2 diabetes?
Correct answer:
Structured diet, regular exercise, and weight management.
Explanation:
Lifestyle changes are foundational for glycemic control and often precede or
complement pharmacotherapy.
Practice Question 10
For mild allergic rhinitis, what is the first-line pharmacologic therapy?
Correct answer:
Second-generation oral antihistamines such as cetirizine or loratadine.
Explanation:
Second-generation antihistamines reduce sneezing, itching, and rhinorrhea with
minimal sedation, making them suitable for first-line treatment.
Practice Question 11
What is the first-line treatment for moderate to severe allergic rhinitis?
Correct answer:
Daily intranasal corticosteroids such as fluticasone.
Explanation:
Intranasal corticosteroids reduce nasal inflammation and control persistent
symptoms more effectively than antihistamines alone.
