MEDSTUDY.COM
TESTBANK
INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
NANCY HATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
5th Edition
TESTBANK
,MEDSTUDY.COM
Chapter1:TheNurse'sRoleinaChangingMaternal–ChildHealthCareEnvironment
Hatfield: Introductory Maternityand Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
1. The openingxup of hospital visiting policies for children and families lik
ely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
A. Joseph Brennaman
B. John Bowlby
C. Marshal Klaus
D. John Kennell
Answer: B
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
study thatx revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of hospita
lization. His work led toa re-
evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for children. Joseph Brennaman suggested
that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to high infant mortality rates atx the time. In the
1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John Kennell carried out importantstudies on
the effect of the separation of newborns and parents. They established that early separation ma
y have long-
term effects on family relationships and that offering the new family an opportunity to be togeth
er at birth and for a significant period afterx birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early c
hildhood.
Question format: Multiplex Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrate
d Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do w
hite mothers. When responding to her questionsx about the reasons for this, the nurse accurat
ely states that which isx the major reasonx for thex high maternal mortality rate?
A. Having formal education.
B. Being unmarried.
C. Income.
D. Lackx of prenatal care.
Answer: D
Rationale: Researchx shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care se
condary to lack of access to servicesx or insurance. Income as well as educational level may pla
y ax rolex inx the availability of health care, but they are x notx directly responsible. Being unmarried
has no bearingxonxinfant mortality.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Understand
,MEDSTUDY.COM
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrate
d Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
3. Which statement correctly defines the termx"infant death rate"?
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000xlive births
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
Answer: D
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-
born child before he or she reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonata
l mortality rate is the number of infant deaths during thex first 28 days of life for every 1,000 liv
e births. Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths during the first 12 monthsxof lifexper 1,000 liv
e births. Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrate
d Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a groupxof students about the history of maternity care
. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencingx the practice of m
aternity care in thex United States over the past century?
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth attendants A
nswer: B
Rationale: The emphasis should bexplaced on anesthesia and the germ theory. The development of
anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ theory advanced the p
rogress of general health care andx decreased infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as axspecial
ty is an important step forward but is notx the greatest development, and midwives are still in pr
actice. Maternity care continuesx to evolve, and birthing centers are still under development. For
ceps are not considered an advance in maternity care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Analyze
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
, MEDSTUDY.COM
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 3
5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the usexof an antiseptic duri
ng the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was started by which physicia
n?
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis
C. Joseph Lister
D. Alexander Gordon
Answer: C
Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory of micr
oorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an antiseptic during surgery
and improved the survival rates of his patients. Alexander Gordon proposed the theory of infec
tion. Oliver Wendell Holmes and Ignaz Philip Semmelweis confirmed his theory.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety andxInfection Control Integrated Process
: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
6. A young couple are very excited to learn they are expectingx their first child and question t
he nurse aboutx which test they need to discover itsxgender. Whichx procedure will best provide this
information to the couple?
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic villus sampling
D. HGP
Answer: A
Rationale: Ultrasound is ax visual method for assessing the fetus in the uterus and will provide infor
mation about the gender. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling provide the entire genetic c
ode of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human Genome Project, which can provide information reg
ardingx gene mutations and variations.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrate
d Process: Caring
Reference: p. 6
TESTBANK
INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
NANCY HATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
5th Edition
TESTBANK
,MEDSTUDY.COM
Chapter1:TheNurse'sRoleinaChangingMaternal–ChildHealthCareEnvironment
Hatfield: Introductory Maternityand Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
1. The openingxup of hospital visiting policies for children and families lik
ely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
A. Joseph Brennaman
B. John Bowlby
C. Marshal Klaus
D. John Kennell
Answer: B
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
study thatx revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of hospita
lization. His work led toa re-
evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for children. Joseph Brennaman suggested
that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to high infant mortality rates atx the time. In the
1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John Kennell carried out importantstudies on
the effect of the separation of newborns and parents. They established that early separation ma
y have long-
term effects on family relationships and that offering the new family an opportunity to be togeth
er at birth and for a significant period afterx birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early c
hildhood.
Question format: Multiplex Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrate
d Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do w
hite mothers. When responding to her questionsx about the reasons for this, the nurse accurat
ely states that which isx the major reasonx for thex high maternal mortality rate?
A. Having formal education.
B. Being unmarried.
C. Income.
D. Lackx of prenatal care.
Answer: D
Rationale: Researchx shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care se
condary to lack of access to servicesx or insurance. Income as well as educational level may pla
y ax rolex inx the availability of health care, but they are x notx directly responsible. Being unmarried
has no bearingxonxinfant mortality.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Understand
,MEDSTUDY.COM
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrate
d Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
3. Which statement correctly defines the termx"infant death rate"?
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000xlive births
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
Answer: D
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-
born child before he or she reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonata
l mortality rate is the number of infant deaths during thex first 28 days of life for every 1,000 liv
e births. Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths during the first 12 monthsxof lifexper 1,000 liv
e births. Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrate
d Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a groupxof students about the history of maternity care
. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencingx the practice of m
aternity care in thex United States over the past century?
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth attendants A
nswer: B
Rationale: The emphasis should bexplaced on anesthesia and the germ theory. The development of
anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ theory advanced the p
rogress of general health care andx decreased infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as axspecial
ty is an important step forward but is notx the greatest development, and midwives are still in pr
actice. Maternity care continuesx to evolve, and birthing centers are still under development. For
ceps are not considered an advance in maternity care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Analyze
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
, MEDSTUDY.COM
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Reference: p. 3
5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the usexof an antiseptic duri
ng the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was started by which physicia
n?
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis
C. Joseph Lister
D. Alexander Gordon
Answer: C
Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory of micr
oorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an antiseptic during surgery
and improved the survival rates of his patients. Alexander Gordon proposed the theory of infec
tion. Oliver Wendell Holmes and Ignaz Philip Semmelweis confirmed his theory.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety andxInfection Control Integrated Process
: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
6. A young couple are very excited to learn they are expectingx their first child and question t
he nurse aboutx which test they need to discover itsxgender. Whichx procedure will best provide this
information to the couple?
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic villus sampling
D. HGP
Answer: A
Rationale: Ultrasound is ax visual method for assessing the fetus in the uterus and will provide infor
mation about the gender. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling provide the entire genetic c
ode of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human Genome Project, which can provide information reg
ardingx gene mutations and variations.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-
Child Health Care Environment Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrate
d Process: Caring
Reference: p. 6
