Nurs 3010 Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
A 1000 ml bag of 5% dextrose in 0.9% normal saline will
provide how many calories to a patient? Would it be appropriate
to use only this IV fluid as nutrition support for a patient who
cannot eat by mouth in the hospital? Why or why not? Correct
Answers 170 kcal total, no because IV fluids cannot sustain
energy or nutrient balance
A patient with Type I diabetes has called the endocrinology
clinic where you work and told you he is has the flu. He is
worried about how being sick might affect his blood glucose.
What would you tell him to do to stay safe? Correct Answers
A patient with Type I diabetes tells you he or she typically work
out for 30 minutes when she goes to the gym. She asks you how
she would know whether to have a carbohydrate snack
beforehand or not. What would you tell her? Correct Answers if
your glucose is <100 mg/dL ingest 10-20 g of CHO before
Although Cystic Fibrosis is a pulmonary disease, it greatly
impacts the GI system. Know the following medical nutrition
therapy (MNT) for cystic fibrosis:-Do these clients have higher
or lower energy needs than the general population? Energy=
calories -Which two nutrients do we not want to restrict in these
clients that we would otherwise limit for most people? (hint: one
is a macronutrient and one is a mineral) -How do we treat
pancreatic enzyme insufficiency for these patients? How often
do they need to take this medication each day? Correct Answers
-high-energy diet required (110%-120% energy needs of general
population) -encourage high-fat foods without dietary restriction
,WHAT IS THE MINERAL ASK IN CLASS is it salt?? -enzyme
replacement products (ex pancrelipase) contain the normal
pancreatic enzymes for each entry nutrient and pancreatic
enzyme replacement therapy is required for macronutrient
digestion
An individual with Type I diabetes who takes insulin asks you if
he can still drink alcohol? What would you tell him? How would
you suggest he consumes alcohol in a way that would help to
prevent him from experiencing hypoglycemia? Correct Answers
yes you can still drink alcohol but 2 drinks per day or less, also
alcohol increases the risk of delayed hypoglycemia so be careful
when using insulin and drinking
Antioxidants and what two micronutrients may be needed in
increased amounts to help surgical wounds or pressure ulcers
heal? (See Post-op vitamins & minerals lecture slide) Correct
Answers vitamin C and zinc
Be able to describe the function of the glomerulus (found in
each nephron of the kidney). Correct Answers filters blood
mL/min
Be able to differentiate between a fasting blood glucose level
that would diagnosis someone with pre-diabetes versus diabetes.
Correct Answers pre-diabetes: > or = 100 mg/dL
diabetes: > or = 126 mg/dL
Be able to differentiate between a HbA1c level that would
diagnose someone with prediabetes versus diabetes. What is a
, normal HbA1c level? Correct Answers pre-diabetes: 5.7%-
6.4%
diabetes: > or = 6.5%
Be able to explain at least 4 different dietary interventions
specific to carbohydrates used to manage blood glucose in
someone who has diabetes i.e. you can pair a carbohydrate food
with a protein food to slow down the digestion and absorption of
the glucose from the carbohydrate food. (Use the carbohydrates
lecture & the carbohydrate counting slide) Correct Answers use
a healthy plate method and make 1/2 your plate non starchy
veggies, pair carbs with a protein or fat to slow down digestion
and absorption of glucose, minimize intake of added sugars,
refined grains, and avoid sugar-sweetened beverages, and
carbohydrate counting is used by individual using rapid acting
or regular insulin at meal times
Be able to explain the difference between how continuous tube
feeds are administered to a patient versus bolus tube feeds.
Correct Answers continuous tubes are set to administer the
formula at an hourly rate, and bolus tubes are administered over
a few minutes without a pump via gravity or syringe
Be able to list four specific dietary recommendations to your
clients for reducing their daily sodium. i.e. Try cooking with
spices other than salt, like cumin, garlic, paprika, herbs etc.
Correct Answers avoid highly salted foods (ex: crackers, chips,
pretzels), avoid salt-preserved foods such as salted or smoked
meat, limit processed foods and convenience foods, and choose
fresh, frozen, or canned low-sodium or no-salt-added vegetables
A 1000 ml bag of 5% dextrose in 0.9% normal saline will
provide how many calories to a patient? Would it be appropriate
to use only this IV fluid as nutrition support for a patient who
cannot eat by mouth in the hospital? Why or why not? Correct
Answers 170 kcal total, no because IV fluids cannot sustain
energy or nutrient balance
A patient with Type I diabetes has called the endocrinology
clinic where you work and told you he is has the flu. He is
worried about how being sick might affect his blood glucose.
What would you tell him to do to stay safe? Correct Answers
A patient with Type I diabetes tells you he or she typically work
out for 30 minutes when she goes to the gym. She asks you how
she would know whether to have a carbohydrate snack
beforehand or not. What would you tell her? Correct Answers if
your glucose is <100 mg/dL ingest 10-20 g of CHO before
Although Cystic Fibrosis is a pulmonary disease, it greatly
impacts the GI system. Know the following medical nutrition
therapy (MNT) for cystic fibrosis:-Do these clients have higher
or lower energy needs than the general population? Energy=
calories -Which two nutrients do we not want to restrict in these
clients that we would otherwise limit for most people? (hint: one
is a macronutrient and one is a mineral) -How do we treat
pancreatic enzyme insufficiency for these patients? How often
do they need to take this medication each day? Correct Answers
-high-energy diet required (110%-120% energy needs of general
population) -encourage high-fat foods without dietary restriction
,WHAT IS THE MINERAL ASK IN CLASS is it salt?? -enzyme
replacement products (ex pancrelipase) contain the normal
pancreatic enzymes for each entry nutrient and pancreatic
enzyme replacement therapy is required for macronutrient
digestion
An individual with Type I diabetes who takes insulin asks you if
he can still drink alcohol? What would you tell him? How would
you suggest he consumes alcohol in a way that would help to
prevent him from experiencing hypoglycemia? Correct Answers
yes you can still drink alcohol but 2 drinks per day or less, also
alcohol increases the risk of delayed hypoglycemia so be careful
when using insulin and drinking
Antioxidants and what two micronutrients may be needed in
increased amounts to help surgical wounds or pressure ulcers
heal? (See Post-op vitamins & minerals lecture slide) Correct
Answers vitamin C and zinc
Be able to describe the function of the glomerulus (found in
each nephron of the kidney). Correct Answers filters blood
mL/min
Be able to differentiate between a fasting blood glucose level
that would diagnosis someone with pre-diabetes versus diabetes.
Correct Answers pre-diabetes: > or = 100 mg/dL
diabetes: > or = 126 mg/dL
Be able to differentiate between a HbA1c level that would
diagnose someone with prediabetes versus diabetes. What is a
, normal HbA1c level? Correct Answers pre-diabetes: 5.7%-
6.4%
diabetes: > or = 6.5%
Be able to explain at least 4 different dietary interventions
specific to carbohydrates used to manage blood glucose in
someone who has diabetes i.e. you can pair a carbohydrate food
with a protein food to slow down the digestion and absorption of
the glucose from the carbohydrate food. (Use the carbohydrates
lecture & the carbohydrate counting slide) Correct Answers use
a healthy plate method and make 1/2 your plate non starchy
veggies, pair carbs with a protein or fat to slow down digestion
and absorption of glucose, minimize intake of added sugars,
refined grains, and avoid sugar-sweetened beverages, and
carbohydrate counting is used by individual using rapid acting
or regular insulin at meal times
Be able to explain the difference between how continuous tube
feeds are administered to a patient versus bolus tube feeds.
Correct Answers continuous tubes are set to administer the
formula at an hourly rate, and bolus tubes are administered over
a few minutes without a pump via gravity or syringe
Be able to list four specific dietary recommendations to your
clients for reducing their daily sodium. i.e. Try cooking with
spices other than salt, like cumin, garlic, paprika, herbs etc.
Correct Answers avoid highly salted foods (ex: crackers, chips,
pretzels), avoid salt-preserved foods such as salted or smoked
meat, limit processed foods and convenience foods, and choose
fresh, frozen, or canned low-sodium or no-salt-added vegetables
