1|Page
UConn PUBH 1001 - Exam #3 (ch. 6,7, and 8) Latest Update Exam |
Questions and Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A +
What are noncommunicable diseases? - ANSWER chronic
conditions that don't result from (acute) infectious processes
that aren't communicable
Explain the 'epidemiological transition' - ANSWER that changing
pattern of disease seen in countries as they have experienced
social and economic development; as social and economic
development progresses noncommunicable diseases
predominate as cause of death and disability
'false-positive' v. 'false negative' results in a screening test -
ANSWER 1. false positive is a positive result when testing a
negative sample
2. false negative is negative result when testing a positive
sample
Sensitivity v. Specificity v. PPV v. NPV - ANSWER 1. sensitivity:
TP/(TP+FN); when a positive result is indicative of the presence
of a condition
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2. specificity: TN/(TN+FP); when a negative result is indicative of
the absence of a condition
3. PPV: TP/(TP+FP)
4. NPV: TN/(TN+FN)
Primary v. Secondary v. Tertiary v. Quaternary Prevention -
ANSWER 1. primary prevention: aims to prevent disease before
it occurs. (ex. seat belts, smoking education)
2. secondary prevention: aims to reduce impact of a disease or
injury that has already occurred (ex. daily aspirin to prevent
another heart attack).
3. tertiary prevention: aims to soften the impact of an ongoing
illness or injury that has lasting effects; helps manage long term
problems. (ex. cardiac rehabilitation programs).
4. quaternary prevention: aims to protect patients from
unnecessary or harmful medical tests/treatments (ex.
unnecessary/harmful screens in men w/o symptoms)
What are Hill's criteria for establishing causation involving
noncommunicable diseases? - ANSWER criteria includes:
strength of association, consistency specificity, temporal
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sequence, biological gradient, biological rationale, coherence,
experimental evidence, and analogous evidence
What are some characteristics of Noncommunicable Diseases? -
ANSWER 1. complex (multifactorial) causes
2. long latency period
3. prolonged course of illness
4. functional impairment/disability
5. common etiologies across dissimilar conditions
what basic strategies are part of the population health
approach? - ANSWER 1. screening for early detection and
treatment of disease
2. multiple risk factor interventions
3. identification of cost effective treatments
4. genetics counseling and intervention
5. research
why should we screen? why should we not screen? - ANSWER
1. it is ok to screen if: disease is serious, disease has an
asymptomatic period for early detection, public is willing to be
UConn PUBH 1001 - Exam #3 (ch. 6,7, and 8) Latest Update Exam |
Questions and Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A +
What are noncommunicable diseases? - ANSWER chronic
conditions that don't result from (acute) infectious processes
that aren't communicable
Explain the 'epidemiological transition' - ANSWER that changing
pattern of disease seen in countries as they have experienced
social and economic development; as social and economic
development progresses noncommunicable diseases
predominate as cause of death and disability
'false-positive' v. 'false negative' results in a screening test -
ANSWER 1. false positive is a positive result when testing a
negative sample
2. false negative is negative result when testing a positive
sample
Sensitivity v. Specificity v. PPV v. NPV - ANSWER 1. sensitivity:
TP/(TP+FN); when a positive result is indicative of the presence
of a condition
,2|Page
2. specificity: TN/(TN+FP); when a negative result is indicative of
the absence of a condition
3. PPV: TP/(TP+FP)
4. NPV: TN/(TN+FN)
Primary v. Secondary v. Tertiary v. Quaternary Prevention -
ANSWER 1. primary prevention: aims to prevent disease before
it occurs. (ex. seat belts, smoking education)
2. secondary prevention: aims to reduce impact of a disease or
injury that has already occurred (ex. daily aspirin to prevent
another heart attack).
3. tertiary prevention: aims to soften the impact of an ongoing
illness or injury that has lasting effects; helps manage long term
problems. (ex. cardiac rehabilitation programs).
4. quaternary prevention: aims to protect patients from
unnecessary or harmful medical tests/treatments (ex.
unnecessary/harmful screens in men w/o symptoms)
What are Hill's criteria for establishing causation involving
noncommunicable diseases? - ANSWER criteria includes:
strength of association, consistency specificity, temporal
, 3|Page
sequence, biological gradient, biological rationale, coherence,
experimental evidence, and analogous evidence
What are some characteristics of Noncommunicable Diseases? -
ANSWER 1. complex (multifactorial) causes
2. long latency period
3. prolonged course of illness
4. functional impairment/disability
5. common etiologies across dissimilar conditions
what basic strategies are part of the population health
approach? - ANSWER 1. screening for early detection and
treatment of disease
2. multiple risk factor interventions
3. identification of cost effective treatments
4. genetics counseling and intervention
5. research
why should we screen? why should we not screen? - ANSWER
1. it is ok to screen if: disease is serious, disease has an
asymptomatic period for early detection, public is willing to be
