KSU BIOLOGY 1108 FINAL(ACTUAL EXAM) WITH
CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS
Exam
The term "n" refers to the size of a population, that is, the number of individuals in that
population. In general, in a sample of n individuals, the frequency of an allele is:
answer- the number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of
individuals in the sample (2n)
If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can conclude that: answer-
evolution has occurred because one of the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium has been violated
The goldenrod gall fly lays its eggs on the terminal buds of goldenrod plants. Larvae
chew through the buds and into the stems, where their saliva induces the plant to
generate a gall (an outgrowth of tissue). This gall then provides food and shelter for the
developing larva. The larvae are prey of both parasitoid wasps and birds. Wasps
selectively prey on larvae inside the smallest galls while the birds selectively prey on the
larvae inside the largest galls. Goldenrod gall files are therefore subject to: answer-
stabilizing selection
You find that a wild population of antelope is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. From
this information alone, can you determine the mechanism of evolution operating on the
population? answer- no
A population with a novel adaptation has evolved that adaptation. answer- true
Polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups? answer-
The common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups.
Phylogenetic trees are: answer- both a and b are correct (hypotheses and built using
observed data)
Which phylogenic group includes all descendants of a common ancestor and only the
descendants of that ancestor? answer- monophyletic
When comparing trees with various hypotheses of evolutionary relationships between a
group of animals, the tree with _____ would be the strongest candidate. answer- the
fewest changes
A fossil's contribution to phylogenetic trees include: answer- all of the above (time
calibration, records of extinct species, correlation between evolution and Earth history)
, How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species? answer-
allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
Three populations of crickets look very similar, but the males have courtship songs that
sound different. What function would this difference in song likely serve if the
populations came in contact? answer- a pre-zygotic isolating mechanism
A polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups?
answer- the common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups
The peppered moth provides a well-known example of natural selection. The light-
colored form of the moth was predominant in England before the industrial revolution. In
the mid-19th Century, a dark-colored form appeared. The difference is produced by a
dominant allele of 1 gene. By about 1900, about 90% of the moths around industrial
areas were dark-colored, whereas light-colored moths were still abundant elsewhere.
Apparently, birds could readily find the light moths against the soot-darkened
background in industrial areas and therefore were eating more light moths. Recently,
use of cleaner fuels has greatly reduced soot in the landscape, and the dark-colored
moths have been disappearing. Should the two forms of moths be considered separate
species? answer- no
It is thought that polar bears originated from a population of brown bears that became
geographically isolated during a glaciation event that occurred about 150,000 years
ago. The origin of polar bears was the result of... answer- allopatric speciation
How does the level of genetic variation in humans typically compare to other species?
answer- lower than other species
Where did Homo sapiens evolve? answer- Africa
Cultural traits are transmitted horizontally and vertically through learning. Which of the
examples below shows the horizontal transmission of culture? answer- A teenager
teaches her brother how to text.
Why do we think that male Neanderthals mated with female non-African ancestral
Homo sapiens? answer- because Neanderthal nuclear DNA sequences are present in
the human gene pool, and Neanderthal mtDNA sequences are not. (we get mtDNA from
only our mother)
Define neoteny. answer- retention of juvenile characteristics in an adult
Why do mitochondria and chloroplasts have relatively small genomes? answer- Over
time, much of their nucleic acid has migrated to the host cell nucleus
How old are the earliest fossils of eukaryotes as defined by the superkingdoms?
answer- 1.8 billion years
CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS
Exam
The term "n" refers to the size of a population, that is, the number of individuals in that
population. In general, in a sample of n individuals, the frequency of an allele is:
answer- the number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of
individuals in the sample (2n)
If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can conclude that: answer-
evolution has occurred because one of the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium has been violated
The goldenrod gall fly lays its eggs on the terminal buds of goldenrod plants. Larvae
chew through the buds and into the stems, where their saliva induces the plant to
generate a gall (an outgrowth of tissue). This gall then provides food and shelter for the
developing larva. The larvae are prey of both parasitoid wasps and birds. Wasps
selectively prey on larvae inside the smallest galls while the birds selectively prey on the
larvae inside the largest galls. Goldenrod gall files are therefore subject to: answer-
stabilizing selection
You find that a wild population of antelope is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. From
this information alone, can you determine the mechanism of evolution operating on the
population? answer- no
A population with a novel adaptation has evolved that adaptation. answer- true
Polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups? answer-
The common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups.
Phylogenetic trees are: answer- both a and b are correct (hypotheses and built using
observed data)
Which phylogenic group includes all descendants of a common ancestor and only the
descendants of that ancestor? answer- monophyletic
When comparing trees with various hypotheses of evolutionary relationships between a
group of animals, the tree with _____ would be the strongest candidate. answer- the
fewest changes
A fossil's contribution to phylogenetic trees include: answer- all of the above (time
calibration, records of extinct species, correlation between evolution and Earth history)
, How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species? answer-
allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
Three populations of crickets look very similar, but the males have courtship songs that
sound different. What function would this difference in song likely serve if the
populations came in contact? answer- a pre-zygotic isolating mechanism
A polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups?
answer- the common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups
The peppered moth provides a well-known example of natural selection. The light-
colored form of the moth was predominant in England before the industrial revolution. In
the mid-19th Century, a dark-colored form appeared. The difference is produced by a
dominant allele of 1 gene. By about 1900, about 90% of the moths around industrial
areas were dark-colored, whereas light-colored moths were still abundant elsewhere.
Apparently, birds could readily find the light moths against the soot-darkened
background in industrial areas and therefore were eating more light moths. Recently,
use of cleaner fuels has greatly reduced soot in the landscape, and the dark-colored
moths have been disappearing. Should the two forms of moths be considered separate
species? answer- no
It is thought that polar bears originated from a population of brown bears that became
geographically isolated during a glaciation event that occurred about 150,000 years
ago. The origin of polar bears was the result of... answer- allopatric speciation
How does the level of genetic variation in humans typically compare to other species?
answer- lower than other species
Where did Homo sapiens evolve? answer- Africa
Cultural traits are transmitted horizontally and vertically through learning. Which of the
examples below shows the horizontal transmission of culture? answer- A teenager
teaches her brother how to text.
Why do we think that male Neanderthals mated with female non-African ancestral
Homo sapiens? answer- because Neanderthal nuclear DNA sequences are present in
the human gene pool, and Neanderthal mtDNA sequences are not. (we get mtDNA from
only our mother)
Define neoteny. answer- retention of juvenile characteristics in an adult
Why do mitochondria and chloroplasts have relatively small genomes? answer- Over
time, much of their nucleic acid has migrated to the host cell nucleus
How old are the earliest fossils of eukaryotes as defined by the superkingdoms?
answer- 1.8 billion years
