Test Bank For Biology 13th Edition By Peter Raven, George
Johnson, Kenneth Mason, Jonathan Losos
Exam
Garrod hypothesized that "inborn errors of metabolism" such as alkaptonuria occur
because _____.
A) metabolic enzymes require vitamin cofactors, and affected individuals have
significant nutritional deficiencies
B) enzymes are made of DNA, and affected individuals lack DNA polymerase
C) certain metabolic reactions are carried out by ribozymes, and affected individuals
lack key splicing factors
D) genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected individuals have
genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes - answerD) genes dictate the
production of specific enzymes, and affected individuals have genetic defects that
cause them to lack certain enzymes
The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically
assume which of the following?
A) A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism.
B) DNA was the first genetic material.
C) The same codons in different organisms translate into different amino acids.
D) Different organisms have different types of amino acids. - answerA) A gene from an
organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism.
The figure above shows a simple metabolic pathway. According to Beadle and Tatum's
hypothesis, how many genes are necessary for this pathway?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) It cannot be determined from the pathway. - answerB) 2
Refer to the metabolic pathway illustrated above. If A, B, and C are all required for
growth, a strain that is mutant for the gene-encoding enzyme A would be able to grow
on medium supplemented with _____.
A) nutrient A only
B) nutrient B only
C) nutrient C only
D) nutrients A and C - answerB) nutrient B only
Refer to the metabolic pathway illustrated above. If A, B, and C are all required for
growth, a strain mutant for the gene-encoding enzyme B would be able to grow on
medium supplemented with _____.
, A) nutrient A only
B) nutrient B only
C) nutrient C only
D) nutrients A and C - answerC) nutrient C only
Refer to the figure above. What would the anticodon be for a tRNA that transports
phenylalanine to a ribosome?
A) UUU
B) AAA
C) TTT
D) CCC - answerB) AAA
Which of the following contradicts the one-gene, one-enzyme hypothesis?
A) A mutation in a single gene can result in a defective protein.
B) Alkaptonuria results when individuals lack a single enzyme involved in the catalysis
of homogentisic acid.
C) Sickle-cell anemia results in defective hemoglobin.
D) A single antibody gene can code for different related proteins, depending on the
splicing that takes place post-transcriptionally. - answerD) A single antibody gene can
code for different related proteins, depending on the splicing that takes place post-
transcriptionally.
Which of the following is directly related to a single amino acid?
A) the base sequence of the tRNA
B) the amino acetyl tRNA synthase
C) the three-base sequence of mRNA
D) the complementarity of DNA and RNA - answerC) the three-base sequence of
mRNA
In the process of transcription, _____.
A) DNA is replicated
B) RNA is synthesized
C) proteins are synthesized
D) mRNA attaches to ribosomes - answerB) RNA is synthesized
Codons are part of the molecular structure of _____.
A) a protein
B) mRNA
C) tRNA
D) rRNA - answerB) mRNA
What does it mean when we say the genetic code is redundant?
A) A single codon can specify the addition of more than one amino acid.
B) The genetic code is different for different domains of organisms.
C) The genetic code is universal (the same for all organisms).
Johnson, Kenneth Mason, Jonathan Losos
Exam
Garrod hypothesized that "inborn errors of metabolism" such as alkaptonuria occur
because _____.
A) metabolic enzymes require vitamin cofactors, and affected individuals have
significant nutritional deficiencies
B) enzymes are made of DNA, and affected individuals lack DNA polymerase
C) certain metabolic reactions are carried out by ribozymes, and affected individuals
lack key splicing factors
D) genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected individuals have
genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes - answerD) genes dictate the
production of specific enzymes, and affected individuals have genetic defects that
cause them to lack certain enzymes
The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically
assume which of the following?
A) A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism.
B) DNA was the first genetic material.
C) The same codons in different organisms translate into different amino acids.
D) Different organisms have different types of amino acids. - answerA) A gene from an
organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism.
The figure above shows a simple metabolic pathway. According to Beadle and Tatum's
hypothesis, how many genes are necessary for this pathway?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) It cannot be determined from the pathway. - answerB) 2
Refer to the metabolic pathway illustrated above. If A, B, and C are all required for
growth, a strain that is mutant for the gene-encoding enzyme A would be able to grow
on medium supplemented with _____.
A) nutrient A only
B) nutrient B only
C) nutrient C only
D) nutrients A and C - answerB) nutrient B only
Refer to the metabolic pathway illustrated above. If A, B, and C are all required for
growth, a strain mutant for the gene-encoding enzyme B would be able to grow on
medium supplemented with _____.
, A) nutrient A only
B) nutrient B only
C) nutrient C only
D) nutrients A and C - answerC) nutrient C only
Refer to the figure above. What would the anticodon be for a tRNA that transports
phenylalanine to a ribosome?
A) UUU
B) AAA
C) TTT
D) CCC - answerB) AAA
Which of the following contradicts the one-gene, one-enzyme hypothesis?
A) A mutation in a single gene can result in a defective protein.
B) Alkaptonuria results when individuals lack a single enzyme involved in the catalysis
of homogentisic acid.
C) Sickle-cell anemia results in defective hemoglobin.
D) A single antibody gene can code for different related proteins, depending on the
splicing that takes place post-transcriptionally. - answerD) A single antibody gene can
code for different related proteins, depending on the splicing that takes place post-
transcriptionally.
Which of the following is directly related to a single amino acid?
A) the base sequence of the tRNA
B) the amino acetyl tRNA synthase
C) the three-base sequence of mRNA
D) the complementarity of DNA and RNA - answerC) the three-base sequence of
mRNA
In the process of transcription, _____.
A) DNA is replicated
B) RNA is synthesized
C) proteins are synthesized
D) mRNA attaches to ribosomes - answerB) RNA is synthesized
Codons are part of the molecular structure of _____.
A) a protein
B) mRNA
C) tRNA
D) rRNA - answerB) mRNA
What does it mean when we say the genetic code is redundant?
A) A single codon can specify the addition of more than one amino acid.
B) The genetic code is different for different domains of organisms.
C) The genetic code is universal (the same for all organisms).
