AFN PHARM 1 UNIT 2 AUTONOMIC PHARMACOLOGY EXAM STUDY
SET WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED!!
Divisions of the Nervous System
central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
Divisions of Peripheral Nervous System
sensory and motor
motor neuron divisions
somatic division and autonomic division
The somatic nervous system has _____ myelinated axon(s).
1
Pre-ganglionic nerves terminate at what types of receptors?
nicotinic
Pre-synaptic nerves are ___________, while post-synaptic nerves are
_______________.
myelinated; unmyelinated
thoracolumbar segment of spinal cord
T1-L2
Where are cell bodies of preganglionic neurons located?
intermediolateral horn of spinal cord
Fibers from preganglionic cell bodies leave spinal cord with __________ nerve
roots and pass via white rami into 1 of 22 pairs of ganglia composing
_______________________.
anterior; paravertebral sympathetic chain
Postganglionic neurons exit from where and travel to where?
paravertebral ganglia - travel to various peripheral organs
PNS: ___________ preganglionic neurons and ________ postganglionic neurons.
long; short
Parasympathetic nerves leave the CNS through which cranial nerves, as well as
sacral portions of the spinal cord?
III, V, VII, IX, X
Where are 75% of PNS fibers located?
vagus nerve
What branch of the trigeminal nerve is parasympathetic?
3rd (otic, pterygopalatine, submandibular, ciliary ganglia)
What neurotransmitter from preganglionic fibers activates nicotinic receptors in
the SNS?
acetylcholine
,What neurotransmitter from preganglionic fibers activates nicotinic receptors in
the PNS?
acetylcholine
Postganglionic fibers of SNS secrete ______________.
norepinephrine
Postganglionic fibers of PNS secrete ______________.
acetylcholine
innervation of sweat glands
-only the sympathetic division innervates sweat glands
-via postganglionic release of ACh onto muscarinic receptors
adrenergic fibers
Nerve fibers that release norepinephrine
cholinergic fibers
fibers that release ACh
Key elements of neurotransmitters (5)
1. Synthesis
2. Storage
3. Release
4. Termination of Action
5. Receptor effects
The adrenal medulla releases (hormones/neurotransmitters)?
hormones
innervation of adrenal medulla
preganglionic fibers bypass sympathetic chain to activate nicotinic Ach receptors
hormone
the secretion of an endocrine gland that is transmitted by the blood to the tissue
on which it has a specific effect
neurotransmitter
chemical used by a neuron to transmit an impulse across a synapse to another
cell
Stimulation of SNS releases epi and norepi in what ratio?
80:20 epi to norepi
The adrenal medulla contains no ___________.
post-ganglionic neuron
cholinergic receptors
nicotinic (N,M) muscarinic (M1-5)
adrenergic receptors
alpha (1,2)
beta (1-3)
dopamine
, nonadrenergic receptors
NANC
motor and sensory
ANS tissue receptors
M1 locations (3)
CNS neurons
symp. postganglionic neurons
some presynaptic sites
M2 locations (4)
myocardium
smooth muscle
some presynaptic sites
CNS neurons
M3 locations (3)
exocrine glands
vessels
CNS neurons
Nn locations (2)
postganglionic neurons
presynaptic cholinergic terminals
Nm locations
skeletal muscle neuromuscular end plates
Nm receptors typically contain 2 ________ and ________ type subunits in
addition to ____ and _____ subunits
alpha 1; beta 1; gamma; delta
Nn receptors typically contain 2 ________ and one _______ type subunit in
addition to ____ and _____ subunits
alpha 3; beta 4; gamma; delta
Location of alpha 1 receptors
postsynaptic effector cells (smooth muscle - blood vessels, iris, urinary bladder)
location of alpha 2 receptors
presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminals
platelets
lipocytes
SET WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED!!
Divisions of the Nervous System
central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
Divisions of Peripheral Nervous System
sensory and motor
motor neuron divisions
somatic division and autonomic division
The somatic nervous system has _____ myelinated axon(s).
1
Pre-ganglionic nerves terminate at what types of receptors?
nicotinic
Pre-synaptic nerves are ___________, while post-synaptic nerves are
_______________.
myelinated; unmyelinated
thoracolumbar segment of spinal cord
T1-L2
Where are cell bodies of preganglionic neurons located?
intermediolateral horn of spinal cord
Fibers from preganglionic cell bodies leave spinal cord with __________ nerve
roots and pass via white rami into 1 of 22 pairs of ganglia composing
_______________________.
anterior; paravertebral sympathetic chain
Postganglionic neurons exit from where and travel to where?
paravertebral ganglia - travel to various peripheral organs
PNS: ___________ preganglionic neurons and ________ postganglionic neurons.
long; short
Parasympathetic nerves leave the CNS through which cranial nerves, as well as
sacral portions of the spinal cord?
III, V, VII, IX, X
Where are 75% of PNS fibers located?
vagus nerve
What branch of the trigeminal nerve is parasympathetic?
3rd (otic, pterygopalatine, submandibular, ciliary ganglia)
What neurotransmitter from preganglionic fibers activates nicotinic receptors in
the SNS?
acetylcholine
,What neurotransmitter from preganglionic fibers activates nicotinic receptors in
the PNS?
acetylcholine
Postganglionic fibers of SNS secrete ______________.
norepinephrine
Postganglionic fibers of PNS secrete ______________.
acetylcholine
innervation of sweat glands
-only the sympathetic division innervates sweat glands
-via postganglionic release of ACh onto muscarinic receptors
adrenergic fibers
Nerve fibers that release norepinephrine
cholinergic fibers
fibers that release ACh
Key elements of neurotransmitters (5)
1. Synthesis
2. Storage
3. Release
4. Termination of Action
5. Receptor effects
The adrenal medulla releases (hormones/neurotransmitters)?
hormones
innervation of adrenal medulla
preganglionic fibers bypass sympathetic chain to activate nicotinic Ach receptors
hormone
the secretion of an endocrine gland that is transmitted by the blood to the tissue
on which it has a specific effect
neurotransmitter
chemical used by a neuron to transmit an impulse across a synapse to another
cell
Stimulation of SNS releases epi and norepi in what ratio?
80:20 epi to norepi
The adrenal medulla contains no ___________.
post-ganglionic neuron
cholinergic receptors
nicotinic (N,M) muscarinic (M1-5)
adrenergic receptors
alpha (1,2)
beta (1-3)
dopamine
, nonadrenergic receptors
NANC
motor and sensory
ANS tissue receptors
M1 locations (3)
CNS neurons
symp. postganglionic neurons
some presynaptic sites
M2 locations (4)
myocardium
smooth muscle
some presynaptic sites
CNS neurons
M3 locations (3)
exocrine glands
vessels
CNS neurons
Nn locations (2)
postganglionic neurons
presynaptic cholinergic terminals
Nm locations
skeletal muscle neuromuscular end plates
Nm receptors typically contain 2 ________ and ________ type subunits in
addition to ____ and _____ subunits
alpha 1; beta 1; gamma; delta
Nn receptors typically contain 2 ________ and one _______ type subunit in
addition to ____ and _____ subunits
alpha 3; beta 4; gamma; delta
Location of alpha 1 receptors
postsynaptic effector cells (smooth muscle - blood vessels, iris, urinary bladder)
location of alpha 2 receptors
presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminals
platelets
lipocytes
