Test Bank For
Genetic Analysis, 4th Edition Mark F.Sanders John L. Bowman
Chapter 1-22
Chapter 1 The Molecular Basis of Heredity, Variation, and Evolution
1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Bacteria are single-celled organisms with a single chromosome found in which cell space?
A) nucleus
B) nucleolus
C) nucleoid
D) nuclear envelope
E) mitochondria
Answer: C
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) Sexual reproduction uses meiosis to generate
A) two identical haploid gametes.
B) two identical diploid gametes.
C) four identical haploid gametes.
D) four unique diploid gametes.
E) four unique haploid gametes.
Answer: E
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
3) When a diploid cell divides by mitosis, the result is
A) two identical haploid cells.
B) two identical diploid cells.
C) four identical haploid cells.
D) four unique diploid cells.
E) four unique haploid cells.
Answer: B
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
4) Modern genetics consists of three major branches. Which of these branches, also known as
"transmission genetics," involves the study of the transmission of traits and characteristics in successive
generations?
A) evolutionary
B) Mendelian
C) molecular
D) population
E) reproductive
,Answer: B
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
5) You identify a new unicellular organism with multiple chromosomes organized by proteins within the
cell's nucleus. Into which of the three domains of life might this organism fit?
A) Archaea
B) Bacteria
C) Eukarya
D) Archaea or Bacteria
E) Archaea or Eukarya
Answer: C
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
6) Watson and Crick used evidence from several studies to determine the structure of DNA. What
conclusion were they able to draw from Rosalind Franklin's X-ray diffraction data, specifically?
A) DNA consists of four types of nucleotide bases: A, T, C, and G.
B) DNA nucleotides form complementary base pairs.
C) Adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine when they are on opposite DNA strands.
D) DNA is a duplex, with two strands forming a double helix.
E) The DNA strands are antiparallel, and the strands are held together by hydrogen bonds.
Answer: D
Section: 1.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
7) What kind of bond is formed between the 5′ phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 3′ hydroxyl
(OH) group of the adjacent nucleotide?
A) ionic bond
B) phosphodiester bond
C) hydrogen bond
D) disulfide bond
E) hydroxyl bond
Answer: B
Section: 1.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
8) What kind of bond is formed between complementary base pairs to join the two DNA strands into a
double helix?
A) ionic bond
B) phosphodiester bond
C) hydrogen bond
D) disulfide bond
E) peptide bond
Answer: C
Section: 1.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
,9) Which type(s) of RNA is/are translated into proteins?
A) mRNA
B) rRNA
C) tRNA
D) mRNA and rRNA
E) mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA
Answer: A
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
10) Which enzyme is active in DNA replication?
A) DNA polymerase
B) RNA polymerase
C) reverse transcriptase
D) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
E) RNase
Answer: A
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
11) The promoter is bound by the transcription factors and which enzyme?
A) DNA polymerase
B) RNA polymerase
C) reverse transcriptase
D) DNase
E) RNase
Answer: B
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
12) What is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA sequences?
A) replication
B) transcription
C) translation
D) transformation
E) transduction
Answer: C
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
13) What is the process of synthesizing single-stranded RNA from template DNA?
A) replication
B) transcription
C) translation
D) transformation
E) transduction
Answer: B
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
, 14) What kind of bond is formed between successive amino acids during translation?
A) ionic bond
B) phosphodiester bond
C) hydrogen bond
D) disulfide bond
E) peptide bond
Answer: E
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
15) Which evolutionary process describes the movement of members of a species from one population
to another?
A) natural selection
B) migration
C) mutation
D) random genetic drift
E) population genetics
Answer: B
Section: 1.5
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
16) Which evolutionary process is most pronounced in small populations where statistical fluctuations in
allele frequencies can be significant from one generation to the next?
A) natural selection
B) migration
C) mutation
D) random genetic drift
E) population genetics
Answer: D
Section: 1.5
Skill: Application/Analysis
17) Which evolutionary process involves the slow addition of allelic variation that increases the
hereditary diversity of populations, ultimately leading to evolutionary change?
A) natural selection
B) migration
C) mutation
D) random genetic drift
E) population genetics
Answer: C
Section: 1.5
Skill: Application/Analysis
Genetic Analysis, 4th Edition Mark F.Sanders John L. Bowman
Chapter 1-22
Chapter 1 The Molecular Basis of Heredity, Variation, and Evolution
1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Bacteria are single-celled organisms with a single chromosome found in which cell space?
A) nucleus
B) nucleolus
C) nucleoid
D) nuclear envelope
E) mitochondria
Answer: C
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) Sexual reproduction uses meiosis to generate
A) two identical haploid gametes.
B) two identical diploid gametes.
C) four identical haploid gametes.
D) four unique diploid gametes.
E) four unique haploid gametes.
Answer: E
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
3) When a diploid cell divides by mitosis, the result is
A) two identical haploid cells.
B) two identical diploid cells.
C) four identical haploid cells.
D) four unique diploid cells.
E) four unique haploid cells.
Answer: B
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
4) Modern genetics consists of three major branches. Which of these branches, also known as
"transmission genetics," involves the study of the transmission of traits and characteristics in successive
generations?
A) evolutionary
B) Mendelian
C) molecular
D) population
E) reproductive
,Answer: B
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
5) You identify a new unicellular organism with multiple chromosomes organized by proteins within the
cell's nucleus. Into which of the three domains of life might this organism fit?
A) Archaea
B) Bacteria
C) Eukarya
D) Archaea or Bacteria
E) Archaea or Eukarya
Answer: C
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
6) Watson and Crick used evidence from several studies to determine the structure of DNA. What
conclusion were they able to draw from Rosalind Franklin's X-ray diffraction data, specifically?
A) DNA consists of four types of nucleotide bases: A, T, C, and G.
B) DNA nucleotides form complementary base pairs.
C) Adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine when they are on opposite DNA strands.
D) DNA is a duplex, with two strands forming a double helix.
E) The DNA strands are antiparallel, and the strands are held together by hydrogen bonds.
Answer: D
Section: 1.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
7) What kind of bond is formed between the 5′ phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 3′ hydroxyl
(OH) group of the adjacent nucleotide?
A) ionic bond
B) phosphodiester bond
C) hydrogen bond
D) disulfide bond
E) hydroxyl bond
Answer: B
Section: 1.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
8) What kind of bond is formed between complementary base pairs to join the two DNA strands into a
double helix?
A) ionic bond
B) phosphodiester bond
C) hydrogen bond
D) disulfide bond
E) peptide bond
Answer: C
Section: 1.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
,9) Which type(s) of RNA is/are translated into proteins?
A) mRNA
B) rRNA
C) tRNA
D) mRNA and rRNA
E) mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA
Answer: A
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
10) Which enzyme is active in DNA replication?
A) DNA polymerase
B) RNA polymerase
C) reverse transcriptase
D) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
E) RNase
Answer: A
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
11) The promoter is bound by the transcription factors and which enzyme?
A) DNA polymerase
B) RNA polymerase
C) reverse transcriptase
D) DNase
E) RNase
Answer: B
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
12) What is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA sequences?
A) replication
B) transcription
C) translation
D) transformation
E) transduction
Answer: C
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
13) What is the process of synthesizing single-stranded RNA from template DNA?
A) replication
B) transcription
C) translation
D) transformation
E) transduction
Answer: B
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
, 14) What kind of bond is formed between successive amino acids during translation?
A) ionic bond
B) phosphodiester bond
C) hydrogen bond
D) disulfide bond
E) peptide bond
Answer: E
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
15) Which evolutionary process describes the movement of members of a species from one population
to another?
A) natural selection
B) migration
C) mutation
D) random genetic drift
E) population genetics
Answer: B
Section: 1.5
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
16) Which evolutionary process is most pronounced in small populations where statistical fluctuations in
allele frequencies can be significant from one generation to the next?
A) natural selection
B) migration
C) mutation
D) random genetic drift
E) population genetics
Answer: D
Section: 1.5
Skill: Application/Analysis
17) Which evolutionary process involves the slow addition of allelic variation that increases the
hereditary diversity of populations, ultimately leading to evolutionary change?
A) natural selection
B) migration
C) mutation
D) random genetic drift
E) population genetics
Answer: C
Section: 1.5
Skill: Application/Analysis
