KSU BIOLOGY 198 MAIN 2026 EXAM TEST QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Random orientation of chromosomes during meiosis increases the amount of
variation in the next generation. What other process during meiosis leads to an increase
in variation in the next generation? - ✔✔Crossing over between homologous
chromosomes
✔✔During bacterial transformation, one or more traits of a cell are altered due to the
uptake of DNA from the surrounding environment. - ✔✔True
✔✔Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty were the first scientists to describe the process of
bacterial transformation. - ✔✔False
✔✔Griffith determined that DNA is the substance responsible for bacterial
transformation. - ✔✔False
✔✔During Griffith's experiments, a nonvirulent form of S. pneumoniae was transformed
into a virulent form. - ✔✔True
✔✔During their experiments, Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty discovered that the
removal of nearly all protein from their preparation destroyed its transforming activity. -
✔✔False
✔✔Based on his experiments with the bacterium S. pneumoniae, Griffith concluded that
the genetic information for virulence was transferred from dead, virulent cells to live,
mom virulent cells a process called - ✔✔Transformation
✔✔Avery, Macleod, and McCarty determined that the substance responsible for
changing live, nonvirulent bacteria into live, virulent bacteria was - ✔✔DNA
✔✔Hershey and chase used radioactively labeled protein and DNA to demonstrate that
the genetic material of _____ is DNA - ✔✔Phages
✔✔Which characteristic of DNA allows each strand of the molecule to act as a template
that specifies the exact sequence of nucleotides in the other strand? -
✔✔Complimentary of the bases
✔✔Serves as a template for a new DNA molecule - ✔✔-Parental DNA Strands
✔✔Building blocks needed to assemble a new DNA molecule - ✔✔-Nucleoside
triphosphates
, ✔✔Enzymes required to replicate DNA - ✔✔-DNA Primase
-DNA gyrate
-DNA polymerase
-DNA Ligase
-DNA helicase
✔✔Not directly required for DNA Replication - ✔✔-Nucleoside monophosphate
-ribose
✔✔Telomeres are specialized structures that are found at the ends of prokaryotic
chromosomes. - ✔✔False
✔✔Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes from nucleases and help maintain the
integrity of linear chromosomes. - ✔✔True
✔✔Telomeres are composed of a long DNA sequence that is repeated twice. - ✔✔False
✔✔Telomeres are replicated by an enzyme called telomerase, which utilizes an internal
RNA strand as a template rather than a strand of parental DNA. - ✔✔True
✔✔Without the replication of telomeres by the enzyme telomerase, linear chromosomes
would gradually get longer with each round of replication. - ✔✔False
✔✔During replication of a linear DNA molecule, the lagging strand can be completely
replicated, but when the last RNA primer is removed from the leading strand, DNA
polymerases cannot replace it with DNA. - ✔✔False
✔✔Telomerase uses an internal RNA template to lengthen the telomeres, which are
composed of repeated nucleotide sequences that are complementary to the RNA
template. - ✔✔True
✔✔Many DNA polymerases have 3'-to-5'exonuclease activity that allows "proofreading"
and replacement of incorrect bases. - ✔✔True
✔✔"Proofreading" effectively eliminates all errors during DNA replication. - ✔✔False
✔✔Although most mutations are harmful, some may be beneficial. - ✔✔True
✔✔Error correcting mechanisms during DNA replication cause cells to accumulate
errors at a higher rate, which leads to higher levels of deleterious or lethal mutations. -
✔✔False
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Random orientation of chromosomes during meiosis increases the amount of
variation in the next generation. What other process during meiosis leads to an increase
in variation in the next generation? - ✔✔Crossing over between homologous
chromosomes
✔✔During bacterial transformation, one or more traits of a cell are altered due to the
uptake of DNA from the surrounding environment. - ✔✔True
✔✔Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty were the first scientists to describe the process of
bacterial transformation. - ✔✔False
✔✔Griffith determined that DNA is the substance responsible for bacterial
transformation. - ✔✔False
✔✔During Griffith's experiments, a nonvirulent form of S. pneumoniae was transformed
into a virulent form. - ✔✔True
✔✔During their experiments, Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty discovered that the
removal of nearly all protein from their preparation destroyed its transforming activity. -
✔✔False
✔✔Based on his experiments with the bacterium S. pneumoniae, Griffith concluded that
the genetic information for virulence was transferred from dead, virulent cells to live,
mom virulent cells a process called - ✔✔Transformation
✔✔Avery, Macleod, and McCarty determined that the substance responsible for
changing live, nonvirulent bacteria into live, virulent bacteria was - ✔✔DNA
✔✔Hershey and chase used radioactively labeled protein and DNA to demonstrate that
the genetic material of _____ is DNA - ✔✔Phages
✔✔Which characteristic of DNA allows each strand of the molecule to act as a template
that specifies the exact sequence of nucleotides in the other strand? -
✔✔Complimentary of the bases
✔✔Serves as a template for a new DNA molecule - ✔✔-Parental DNA Strands
✔✔Building blocks needed to assemble a new DNA molecule - ✔✔-Nucleoside
triphosphates
, ✔✔Enzymes required to replicate DNA - ✔✔-DNA Primase
-DNA gyrate
-DNA polymerase
-DNA Ligase
-DNA helicase
✔✔Not directly required for DNA Replication - ✔✔-Nucleoside monophosphate
-ribose
✔✔Telomeres are specialized structures that are found at the ends of prokaryotic
chromosomes. - ✔✔False
✔✔Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes from nucleases and help maintain the
integrity of linear chromosomes. - ✔✔True
✔✔Telomeres are composed of a long DNA sequence that is repeated twice. - ✔✔False
✔✔Telomeres are replicated by an enzyme called telomerase, which utilizes an internal
RNA strand as a template rather than a strand of parental DNA. - ✔✔True
✔✔Without the replication of telomeres by the enzyme telomerase, linear chromosomes
would gradually get longer with each round of replication. - ✔✔False
✔✔During replication of a linear DNA molecule, the lagging strand can be completely
replicated, but when the last RNA primer is removed from the leading strand, DNA
polymerases cannot replace it with DNA. - ✔✔False
✔✔Telomerase uses an internal RNA template to lengthen the telomeres, which are
composed of repeated nucleotide sequences that are complementary to the RNA
template. - ✔✔True
✔✔Many DNA polymerases have 3'-to-5'exonuclease activity that allows "proofreading"
and replacement of incorrect bases. - ✔✔True
✔✔"Proofreading" effectively eliminates all errors during DNA replication. - ✔✔False
✔✔Although most mutations are harmful, some may be beneficial. - ✔✔True
✔✔Error correcting mechanisms during DNA replication cause cells to accumulate
errors at a higher rate, which leads to higher levels of deleterious or lethal mutations. -
✔✔False
