NUR 1290 CORE EXAM 2026 SET QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Antagonist DRUG TYPE - ✔✔Drug binds to the receptor, blocks site and effects
✔✔Pharmacotherapeutics - ✔✔Clinical use of drug to prevent/treat diseases/illnesses
✔✔Acute therapy - ✔✔Intensive treatment for a quick onset reaction
✔✔Maintenance therapy - ✔✔prevents chronic progression of illness
✔✔Supplemental therapy - ✔✔Supplies supplement to the body to remain healthy
✔✔Palliative therapy - ✔✔Provide provides comfort/relief during symptoms of illness
✔✔Supportive therapy - ✔✔Maintains body function during illness (IV)
✔✔Prophylactic therapy - ✔✔Prevents illness of a plant event (antibiotics after surgery)
✔✔Empiric therapy - ✔✔Treating/preventing illness based on symptoms
✔✔Additive effect - ✔✔Two drugs work similarly allowing smaller doses of each (1+1)
✔✔Synergistic effect - ✔✔Combined effect of drugs is greater than if each taken alone
(1+1=>2)
✔✔antagonistic effect - ✔✔One drug reduces the effect of the other(1+1=<2)
✔✔Drug Incompatibility - ✔✔Two combined IV solutions, cause deterioration of one or
both drugs
✔✔Contradiction - ✔✔A patient condition or disease that makes the use of a medication
dangerous.
✔✔Adverse drug reactions - ✔✔Unintended, but expected side effects of a drug.
✔✔Hypersensitivity drug reaction - ✔✔Allergic reaction; SEVERE
✔✔Idiosyncratic drug reaction - ✔✔Unexpected reaction caused by genetic makeup;
SEVERE
✔✔Teratogenic effect - ✔✔Cause birth defects
, ✔✔Mutagenic effect - ✔✔Permanently alters chromosome structure.
✔✔Carcinogenic effect - ✔✔cancer causing
✔✔What factors affect drug safety during pregnancy? - ✔✔Drug properties, fetal age,
maternal factors, and risk vs benefit.
✔✔When is the greatest risk of defects during pregnancy? - ✔✔1st trimester
✔✔When is the greatest risk of drug transfer during pregnancy? - ✔✔3rd trimester
✔✔Factors of affecting absorption in infant/pediatric - ✔✔pH less acidic, emptying slow,
and IM absorption faster
✔✔Factors of fighting distribution in infant/pediatric - ✔✔Lower fat content, decreased
protein, binding, and more drugs enter brain
✔✔Factors affecting metabolism in infant/pediatric - ✔✔Immature liver
✔✔Factors affecting excretion in infant/pediatric - ✔✔Immature kidney
✔✔Why might older children require higher doses of medication compared to infants? -
✔✔Older children have increased metabolism and weight
✔✔What is the recommended med administration for pediatric? - ✔✔Dose stated as
mg/kg/day or dose and compare to safety range
✔✔What are some considerations for administering medication to elderly patients? -
✔✔Consider polypharmacy, noncompliance, chronic illnesses, sensory/motor deficits;
start with low dose and go slow
✔✔What is the Beers Criteria? - ✔✔Potentially inappropriate medications for elderly
patients.
✔✔Black box warning - ✔✔Serious drug reactions that caused death or serious injury
✔✔Ethnopharmacology - ✔✔The impact of cultural factors on drug response.
✔✔Pharmacogenomics - ✔✔The study of how genetic traits affect drug response.
✔✔What are slow acetylators and fast acetylators in pharmacogenomics? - ✔✔Slow
metabolism and fast metabolism
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Antagonist DRUG TYPE - ✔✔Drug binds to the receptor, blocks site and effects
✔✔Pharmacotherapeutics - ✔✔Clinical use of drug to prevent/treat diseases/illnesses
✔✔Acute therapy - ✔✔Intensive treatment for a quick onset reaction
✔✔Maintenance therapy - ✔✔prevents chronic progression of illness
✔✔Supplemental therapy - ✔✔Supplies supplement to the body to remain healthy
✔✔Palliative therapy - ✔✔Provide provides comfort/relief during symptoms of illness
✔✔Supportive therapy - ✔✔Maintains body function during illness (IV)
✔✔Prophylactic therapy - ✔✔Prevents illness of a plant event (antibiotics after surgery)
✔✔Empiric therapy - ✔✔Treating/preventing illness based on symptoms
✔✔Additive effect - ✔✔Two drugs work similarly allowing smaller doses of each (1+1)
✔✔Synergistic effect - ✔✔Combined effect of drugs is greater than if each taken alone
(1+1=>2)
✔✔antagonistic effect - ✔✔One drug reduces the effect of the other(1+1=<2)
✔✔Drug Incompatibility - ✔✔Two combined IV solutions, cause deterioration of one or
both drugs
✔✔Contradiction - ✔✔A patient condition or disease that makes the use of a medication
dangerous.
✔✔Adverse drug reactions - ✔✔Unintended, but expected side effects of a drug.
✔✔Hypersensitivity drug reaction - ✔✔Allergic reaction; SEVERE
✔✔Idiosyncratic drug reaction - ✔✔Unexpected reaction caused by genetic makeup;
SEVERE
✔✔Teratogenic effect - ✔✔Cause birth defects
, ✔✔Mutagenic effect - ✔✔Permanently alters chromosome structure.
✔✔Carcinogenic effect - ✔✔cancer causing
✔✔What factors affect drug safety during pregnancy? - ✔✔Drug properties, fetal age,
maternal factors, and risk vs benefit.
✔✔When is the greatest risk of defects during pregnancy? - ✔✔1st trimester
✔✔When is the greatest risk of drug transfer during pregnancy? - ✔✔3rd trimester
✔✔Factors of affecting absorption in infant/pediatric - ✔✔pH less acidic, emptying slow,
and IM absorption faster
✔✔Factors of fighting distribution in infant/pediatric - ✔✔Lower fat content, decreased
protein, binding, and more drugs enter brain
✔✔Factors affecting metabolism in infant/pediatric - ✔✔Immature liver
✔✔Factors affecting excretion in infant/pediatric - ✔✔Immature kidney
✔✔Why might older children require higher doses of medication compared to infants? -
✔✔Older children have increased metabolism and weight
✔✔What is the recommended med administration for pediatric? - ✔✔Dose stated as
mg/kg/day or dose and compare to safety range
✔✔What are some considerations for administering medication to elderly patients? -
✔✔Consider polypharmacy, noncompliance, chronic illnesses, sensory/motor deficits;
start with low dose and go slow
✔✔What is the Beers Criteria? - ✔✔Potentially inappropriate medications for elderly
patients.
✔✔Black box warning - ✔✔Serious drug reactions that caused death or serious injury
✔✔Ethnopharmacology - ✔✔The impact of cultural factors on drug response.
✔✔Pharmacogenomics - ✔✔The study of how genetic traits affect drug response.
✔✔What are slow acetylators and fast acetylators in pharmacogenomics? - ✔✔Slow
metabolism and fast metabolism
