NSG 3280 UNIT 1 EXTRA PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED 2026-2027!!
A nurse is reviewing the chart of a patient who has been fasting for 48 hours.
Which sequence of metabolic processes best describes how the body is
maintaining blood glucose stability during this
prolonged fasting state?
A. Glycogenesis followed by glycolysis, supported by increased insulin release.
B. Glycogenolysis followed rapidly by gluconeogenesis, initiated by a decrease in
insulin and an increase in glucagon.
C. Lipolysis followed by glycolysis, triggered by parasympathetic nervous system
stimulation.
B. Glycogenolysis followed rapidly by gluconeogenesis, initiated by a decrease in
insulin and an
increase in glucagon.
A patient with poorly controlled Type 1 Diabetes experiences severe metabolic
stress due to a
massive infection. The nurse anticipates which immediate metabolic response
will dominate,
potentially leading to extreme hyperglycemia?
A. Rapid increase in growth hormone production to overcome existing peripheral
insulin resistance.
B. Decreased glucagon release and increased cellular utilization of glucose
(Immediate phase).
C. Increased release of catecholamines and cortisol, leading to gluconeogenesis
using muscle
protein stores.
D. Rapid increase in insulin production to overcome existing peripheral insulin
resistance.
C. Increased release of catecholamines and cortisol, leading to gluconeogenesis
using muscle
protein stores.
Which clinical finding in a newly diagnosed diabetic patient is directly explained
by the
physiological sequence of hyperglycemia leading to excess fluid loss?
A. Polyphagia, caused by the brain sensing that cells are not receiving adequate
,glucose.
B. Polydipsia, resulting from polyuria-induced hypovolemia.
C. Increased abdominal obesity, a recognized symptom of metabolic syndrome.
B. Polydipsia, resulting from polyuria-induced hypovolemia.
A nurse is educating a Type 2 diabetic patient about the role of Amylin. The nurse
should emphasize that Amylin contributes to glucose control primarily by which
two actions? (Select All That
Apply)
A. Preventing muscle and fat breakdown.
B. Causing the brain to inhibit gastric emptying.
C. Suppressing the release of glucagon.
D. Binding to receptors on the cell to trigger glucose uptake.
E. Promoting satiety.
B. Causing the brain to inhibit gastric emptying.
C. Suppressing the release of glucagon.
E. Promoting satiety.
5. A patient with Type 2 Diabetes begins a vigorous exercise routine. Initially (0-10
minutes), the nurse should recognize that the body relies on which metabolic
adjustment to meet the increased energy demand?
A. Insulin levels rise to immediately drive glucose into the muscle cells.
B. Glycogenesis accelerates to create stored energy.
C. Glucagon and catecholamines are released, promoting lipolysis and
glycogenolysis.
D. Cellular resistance to insulin decreases significantly.
C. Glucagon and catecholamines are released, promoting lipolysis and
glycogenolysis.
Which statement accurately differentiates the roles of Insulin and Glucagon in
glucose homeostasis?
A. Insulin stimulates gluconeogenesis; Glucagon prevents muscle and fat
breakdown.
B. Insulin is released in response to low glucose; Glucagon is released in
response to high glucose.
C. Insulin inhibits the liver from producing glucose; Glucagon stimulates the
breakdown of glycogen.
D. Insulin stimulates the alpha cells; Glucagon stimulates the beta cells.
C. Insulin inhibits the liver from producing glucose; Glucagon stimulates the
breakdown of glycogen.
, A nurse is reviewing a new patient's labs. The patient's fasting glucose is 118
mg/dL, and their HbA1c is 6.1%. The nurse should interpret these results as
indicative of:
A. Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus.
B. Normal glucose regulation.
C. Prediabetes.
D. Severe Hypoglycemia.
C. Prediabetes.
Which hormones are categorized as counter-regulatory to insulin, promoting
increased blood
glucose levels by stimulating either gluconeogenesis or glycogenolysis? (Select
All That Apply)
A. Corticosteroids
B. Amylin
C. Glucagon
D. Growth Hormone
E. Catecholamines
A. Corticosteroids
C. Glucagon
E. Catecholamines
In a healthy individual who has just ingested a meal, the parasympathetic
nervous system plays a direct role in glucose regulation by initiating which
action?
A. Stimulating alpha cells to release glucagon to manage incoming glucose.
B. Inhibiting the liver from performing glycogenesis.
C. Stimulating B-cells to release insulin.
D. Triggering the process of gluconeogenesis.
C. Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic B-cells resulting in absolute insulin
deficiency.
A patient presents with classic signs of severe hyperglycemia, polyuria, and
polydipsia. The nurse
suspects Type 1 Diabetes. Given the known pathophysiology, which metabolic
process continues
unopposed, contributing significantly to the high glucose levels?
A. Glycolysis.
B. Glycogenesis.
C. Gluconeogenesis.
D. Lipolysis inhibition.
CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED 2026-2027!!
A nurse is reviewing the chart of a patient who has been fasting for 48 hours.
Which sequence of metabolic processes best describes how the body is
maintaining blood glucose stability during this
prolonged fasting state?
A. Glycogenesis followed by glycolysis, supported by increased insulin release.
B. Glycogenolysis followed rapidly by gluconeogenesis, initiated by a decrease in
insulin and an increase in glucagon.
C. Lipolysis followed by glycolysis, triggered by parasympathetic nervous system
stimulation.
B. Glycogenolysis followed rapidly by gluconeogenesis, initiated by a decrease in
insulin and an
increase in glucagon.
A patient with poorly controlled Type 1 Diabetes experiences severe metabolic
stress due to a
massive infection. The nurse anticipates which immediate metabolic response
will dominate,
potentially leading to extreme hyperglycemia?
A. Rapid increase in growth hormone production to overcome existing peripheral
insulin resistance.
B. Decreased glucagon release and increased cellular utilization of glucose
(Immediate phase).
C. Increased release of catecholamines and cortisol, leading to gluconeogenesis
using muscle
protein stores.
D. Rapid increase in insulin production to overcome existing peripheral insulin
resistance.
C. Increased release of catecholamines and cortisol, leading to gluconeogenesis
using muscle
protein stores.
Which clinical finding in a newly diagnosed diabetic patient is directly explained
by the
physiological sequence of hyperglycemia leading to excess fluid loss?
A. Polyphagia, caused by the brain sensing that cells are not receiving adequate
,glucose.
B. Polydipsia, resulting from polyuria-induced hypovolemia.
C. Increased abdominal obesity, a recognized symptom of metabolic syndrome.
B. Polydipsia, resulting from polyuria-induced hypovolemia.
A nurse is educating a Type 2 diabetic patient about the role of Amylin. The nurse
should emphasize that Amylin contributes to glucose control primarily by which
two actions? (Select All That
Apply)
A. Preventing muscle and fat breakdown.
B. Causing the brain to inhibit gastric emptying.
C. Suppressing the release of glucagon.
D. Binding to receptors on the cell to trigger glucose uptake.
E. Promoting satiety.
B. Causing the brain to inhibit gastric emptying.
C. Suppressing the release of glucagon.
E. Promoting satiety.
5. A patient with Type 2 Diabetes begins a vigorous exercise routine. Initially (0-10
minutes), the nurse should recognize that the body relies on which metabolic
adjustment to meet the increased energy demand?
A. Insulin levels rise to immediately drive glucose into the muscle cells.
B. Glycogenesis accelerates to create stored energy.
C. Glucagon and catecholamines are released, promoting lipolysis and
glycogenolysis.
D. Cellular resistance to insulin decreases significantly.
C. Glucagon and catecholamines are released, promoting lipolysis and
glycogenolysis.
Which statement accurately differentiates the roles of Insulin and Glucagon in
glucose homeostasis?
A. Insulin stimulates gluconeogenesis; Glucagon prevents muscle and fat
breakdown.
B. Insulin is released in response to low glucose; Glucagon is released in
response to high glucose.
C. Insulin inhibits the liver from producing glucose; Glucagon stimulates the
breakdown of glycogen.
D. Insulin stimulates the alpha cells; Glucagon stimulates the beta cells.
C. Insulin inhibits the liver from producing glucose; Glucagon stimulates the
breakdown of glycogen.
, A nurse is reviewing a new patient's labs. The patient's fasting glucose is 118
mg/dL, and their HbA1c is 6.1%. The nurse should interpret these results as
indicative of:
A. Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus.
B. Normal glucose regulation.
C. Prediabetes.
D. Severe Hypoglycemia.
C. Prediabetes.
Which hormones are categorized as counter-regulatory to insulin, promoting
increased blood
glucose levels by stimulating either gluconeogenesis or glycogenolysis? (Select
All That Apply)
A. Corticosteroids
B. Amylin
C. Glucagon
D. Growth Hormone
E. Catecholamines
A. Corticosteroids
C. Glucagon
E. Catecholamines
In a healthy individual who has just ingested a meal, the parasympathetic
nervous system plays a direct role in glucose regulation by initiating which
action?
A. Stimulating alpha cells to release glucagon to manage incoming glucose.
B. Inhibiting the liver from performing glycogenesis.
C. Stimulating B-cells to release insulin.
D. Triggering the process of gluconeogenesis.
C. Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic B-cells resulting in absolute insulin
deficiency.
A patient presents with classic signs of severe hyperglycemia, polyuria, and
polydipsia. The nurse
suspects Type 1 Diabetes. Given the known pathophysiology, which metabolic
process continues
unopposed, contributing significantly to the high glucose levels?
A. Glycolysis.
B. Glycogenesis.
C. Gluconeogenesis.
D. Lipolysis inhibition.
