PATHOPHYSIOLOGY REVIEW D236
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A vegetation shown on an ECHO demonstrates which cardiovascular disease? -
ANSWER -Endocarditis
What characterizes Type 2 myocardial infarction? - ANSWER -Lack of oxygen
availability
These symptoms
- neck/jaw pain
- chest pain
- vomiting
- weakness
- sweating
- possible loss of consciousness
describe which diagnosis? - ANSWER -MI Myocardial Infarction
What is a common risk factor for Erectile Dysfunction(ED)? - ANSWER -Heart Disease
High Cholesterol
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes
Obesity
Smoking
A patient reports nausea, vomiting, dull abdominal ache, and pruritus. On physical
examination, edema of the legs, ascites, and jaundice were documentation. The patient
has ahistory of long-term acetaminophen therapy. Laboratory findings included elevated
alanine amino and aminotransferase. Which condition is described? - ANSWER -
Cirrhosis
A patient reports decreased urine output, anemia, fatigue, and itchy skin? Which
condition is being described? - ANSWER -ESRD/Chronic Kidney Disease
What is a chromosomal abnormality? - ANSWER -Turner's missing X Chromosome and
Down Syndrome Trisomy 21
Which disease is communicable and paralyzes muscle as early as six hours from
exposure? - ANSWER -Botulism
What causes Malaria? - ANSWER -Plasmodium parasite
What do Human Epididymis protein 4(HE4) Biomarkers detect? - ANSWER -ovarian
tumor/cancers
, What kind of solution is 0.9% NaCl to RBCs? - ANSWER -Isotonic
What causes peripheral neuropathy? Pick 2 - ANSWER -Peripheral vascular disease
Diabetes mellitus
Back injury
Genetics
What causes delayed puberty? - ANSWER -Chronic illness
What is a common symptom of dysmenorrhea? - ANSWER -Urinary Frequency
Aplastic Anemia - ANSWER -A deficiency of circulating red blood cells(RBCs) because
of impaired cellular regulation of the bone marrow, which then fails to produce these
cells. Caused by an injury to the immature precursor cell for RBCs. Occurs with
leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia.
CAUSES: Chemicals and drugs, unpredictable exposures
Signs and Sx's: Easy bruising, bleeding gums, menorrhagia, episodic epistaxis,
petechiae over the extremities, fatigue, dyspnea, and angina pectoris, anemia
Treatment: bone marrow transplant, immunosuppression, and identification of high-risk
individuals
Cholescystitis - ANSWER -inflammation of the gallbladder
Acute inflammation is associated with gallstone(cholethiasis)
Chronic indicated inefficient bile emptying and gallbladder muscle wall disease.
Acalculous occurs in the absence of gallstones.
Signs and Sx's: nausea vomiting, indigestion, belching, flatulence, epigastric pain, Pain
in the RUQ, Murphy's sign(cant take a deep breath when palpating pain in stomach)
fever, tachycardia, dehydration
Stage one for Lyme disease? - ANSWER -Swollen lymph nodes
Picture showing spine curvature - ANSWER -Lordosis
Involuntary muscle contractions, weakness, lower extremity twitching, and prescribed
anti glutamate. - ANSWER -ALS
What causes secondary HTN? - ANSWER -obstructive sleep apnea
What is diffusion? - ANSWER -Molecules move from higher to lower concentration
Tympanic membrane perforation can cause what? - ANSWER -Middle ear infection
What triggers Vaso occlusive crisis in sickle cell anemia? - ANSWER -
Acidosis(dehydration) & anemia
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A vegetation shown on an ECHO demonstrates which cardiovascular disease? -
ANSWER -Endocarditis
What characterizes Type 2 myocardial infarction? - ANSWER -Lack of oxygen
availability
These symptoms
- neck/jaw pain
- chest pain
- vomiting
- weakness
- sweating
- possible loss of consciousness
describe which diagnosis? - ANSWER -MI Myocardial Infarction
What is a common risk factor for Erectile Dysfunction(ED)? - ANSWER -Heart Disease
High Cholesterol
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes
Obesity
Smoking
A patient reports nausea, vomiting, dull abdominal ache, and pruritus. On physical
examination, edema of the legs, ascites, and jaundice were documentation. The patient
has ahistory of long-term acetaminophen therapy. Laboratory findings included elevated
alanine amino and aminotransferase. Which condition is described? - ANSWER -
Cirrhosis
A patient reports decreased urine output, anemia, fatigue, and itchy skin? Which
condition is being described? - ANSWER -ESRD/Chronic Kidney Disease
What is a chromosomal abnormality? - ANSWER -Turner's missing X Chromosome and
Down Syndrome Trisomy 21
Which disease is communicable and paralyzes muscle as early as six hours from
exposure? - ANSWER -Botulism
What causes Malaria? - ANSWER -Plasmodium parasite
What do Human Epididymis protein 4(HE4) Biomarkers detect? - ANSWER -ovarian
tumor/cancers
, What kind of solution is 0.9% NaCl to RBCs? - ANSWER -Isotonic
What causes peripheral neuropathy? Pick 2 - ANSWER -Peripheral vascular disease
Diabetes mellitus
Back injury
Genetics
What causes delayed puberty? - ANSWER -Chronic illness
What is a common symptom of dysmenorrhea? - ANSWER -Urinary Frequency
Aplastic Anemia - ANSWER -A deficiency of circulating red blood cells(RBCs) because
of impaired cellular regulation of the bone marrow, which then fails to produce these
cells. Caused by an injury to the immature precursor cell for RBCs. Occurs with
leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia.
CAUSES: Chemicals and drugs, unpredictable exposures
Signs and Sx's: Easy bruising, bleeding gums, menorrhagia, episodic epistaxis,
petechiae over the extremities, fatigue, dyspnea, and angina pectoris, anemia
Treatment: bone marrow transplant, immunosuppression, and identification of high-risk
individuals
Cholescystitis - ANSWER -inflammation of the gallbladder
Acute inflammation is associated with gallstone(cholethiasis)
Chronic indicated inefficient bile emptying and gallbladder muscle wall disease.
Acalculous occurs in the absence of gallstones.
Signs and Sx's: nausea vomiting, indigestion, belching, flatulence, epigastric pain, Pain
in the RUQ, Murphy's sign(cant take a deep breath when palpating pain in stomach)
fever, tachycardia, dehydration
Stage one for Lyme disease? - ANSWER -Swollen lymph nodes
Picture showing spine curvature - ANSWER -Lordosis
Involuntary muscle contractions, weakness, lower extremity twitching, and prescribed
anti glutamate. - ANSWER -ALS
What causes secondary HTN? - ANSWER -obstructive sleep apnea
What is diffusion? - ANSWER -Molecules move from higher to lower concentration
Tympanic membrane perforation can cause what? - ANSWER -Middle ear infection
What triggers Vaso occlusive crisis in sickle cell anemia? - ANSWER -
Acidosis(dehydration) & anemia
