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HESI Med-Surg I Exam 2 – Acid–Base
Balance, Electrolytes, Fluids, Neuro, And
Sensory Disorders Questions And Verified
Answers 2026
The nurse should teach the client who is receiving warfarin sodium that:
1. Partial thromboplastin time values determine the dosage of warfarin sodium.
2. Protamine sulfate is used to reverse the effects of warfarin sodium.
3. International Normalized Ratio (INR) is used to assess effectiveness.
4. Warfarin sodium will facilitate clotting of the blood. - correct-answer -3.
International Normalized Ratio (INR) is used to assess effectiveness.
Good dental care is an important measure in reducing the risk of endocarditis. A
teaching plan to promote good dental care in a client with mitral stenosis should
include instructing the client to do which of the following? Select all that apply.
1. Brush the teeth at least twice a day.
2. Avoid use of an electric toothbrush.
3. Take an antibiotic prior to oral surgery.
4. Floss the teeth at least once a day.
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5. Have regular dental checkups.
6. Rinse the mouth with an antibiotic mouthwash once a day. - correct-answer -1.
Brush the teeth at least twice a day.
4. Floss the teeth at least once a day.
5. Have regular dental checkups.
Before a client's discharge after mitral valve replacement surgery, the nurse
should evaluate the client's understanding of post surgery activity restrictions.
Which of the following should the client not engage in until after the 1-month
post discharge appointment with the surgeon?
1. Showering.
2. Lifting anything heavier than 10 lb (4.5 kg).
3. A program of gradually progressive walking.
4. Light housework. - correct-answer -2. Lifting anything heavier than 10 lb (4.5
kg).
Three days after mitral valve replacement surgery, the client tells the nurse
there is a "clicking" noise coming from the chest incision and the incision seems to
becoming larger. The nurse's response should reflect the understanding that the
client may be experiencing which of the following?
1. Anxiety related to altered body image.
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2. Anxiety related to altered health status.
3. Altered tissue perfusion.
4. Lack of knowledge regarding the postoperative course. - correct-answer -1.
Anxiety related to altered body image.
Metoprolol (Toprol XL) is added to the pharmacologic therapy of a diabetic female
diagnosed with stage 2 hypertension initially treated with Furosemide (Lasix) and
Ramipril (Altace). An expected therapeutic effect is:
1. Decrease in heart rate.
2. Lessening of fatigue.
3. Improvement in blood sugar levels.
4. Increase in urine output. - correct-answer -1. Decrease in heart rate.
Which set of postural vital signs (BP and heart rate) indicate inadequate blood
volume?
1. Supine 124/76, 88.
Sitting 124/74, 92.
Standing 122/74, 92.
2. Supine 120/70, 70.
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Sitting 102/64, 86.
Standing 100/60, 92.
3. Supine 138/86, 74.
Sitting 136/84, 80.
Standing 134/82, 82.
4. Supine 100/70, 72.
Sitting 100/68, 74.
Standing 98/68, 80. - correct-answer -2. Supine 120/70, 70.
Sitting 102/64, 86.
Standing 100/60, 92.
There was a significant change in both blood pressure and heart rate with position
change. This indicates inadequate blood volume to sustain normal values. Normal
postural changes allow for an increase in heart rate of 5 to 20 bpm, a possible
slight decrease of less than 5 mm Hg in the systolic blood pressure, and a possible
slight increase of less than 5 mm Hg in the diastolic blood pressure.
A client is taking clonidine (Catapres) for treatment of hypertension. The nurse
should teach the client about which of the following common adverse effects of
this drug? Select all that apply.
1. Dry mouth.
HESI Med-Surg I Exam 2 – Acid–Base
Balance, Electrolytes, Fluids, Neuro, And
Sensory Disorders Questions And Verified
Answers 2026
The nurse should teach the client who is receiving warfarin sodium that:
1. Partial thromboplastin time values determine the dosage of warfarin sodium.
2. Protamine sulfate is used to reverse the effects of warfarin sodium.
3. International Normalized Ratio (INR) is used to assess effectiveness.
4. Warfarin sodium will facilitate clotting of the blood. - correct-answer -3.
International Normalized Ratio (INR) is used to assess effectiveness.
Good dental care is an important measure in reducing the risk of endocarditis. A
teaching plan to promote good dental care in a client with mitral stenosis should
include instructing the client to do which of the following? Select all that apply.
1. Brush the teeth at least twice a day.
2. Avoid use of an electric toothbrush.
3. Take an antibiotic prior to oral surgery.
4. Floss the teeth at least once a day.
,2|Page
5. Have regular dental checkups.
6. Rinse the mouth with an antibiotic mouthwash once a day. - correct-answer -1.
Brush the teeth at least twice a day.
4. Floss the teeth at least once a day.
5. Have regular dental checkups.
Before a client's discharge after mitral valve replacement surgery, the nurse
should evaluate the client's understanding of post surgery activity restrictions.
Which of the following should the client not engage in until after the 1-month
post discharge appointment with the surgeon?
1. Showering.
2. Lifting anything heavier than 10 lb (4.5 kg).
3. A program of gradually progressive walking.
4. Light housework. - correct-answer -2. Lifting anything heavier than 10 lb (4.5
kg).
Three days after mitral valve replacement surgery, the client tells the nurse
there is a "clicking" noise coming from the chest incision and the incision seems to
becoming larger. The nurse's response should reflect the understanding that the
client may be experiencing which of the following?
1. Anxiety related to altered body image.
,3|Page
2. Anxiety related to altered health status.
3. Altered tissue perfusion.
4. Lack of knowledge regarding the postoperative course. - correct-answer -1.
Anxiety related to altered body image.
Metoprolol (Toprol XL) is added to the pharmacologic therapy of a diabetic female
diagnosed with stage 2 hypertension initially treated with Furosemide (Lasix) and
Ramipril (Altace). An expected therapeutic effect is:
1. Decrease in heart rate.
2. Lessening of fatigue.
3. Improvement in blood sugar levels.
4. Increase in urine output. - correct-answer -1. Decrease in heart rate.
Which set of postural vital signs (BP and heart rate) indicate inadequate blood
volume?
1. Supine 124/76, 88.
Sitting 124/74, 92.
Standing 122/74, 92.
2. Supine 120/70, 70.
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Sitting 102/64, 86.
Standing 100/60, 92.
3. Supine 138/86, 74.
Sitting 136/84, 80.
Standing 134/82, 82.
4. Supine 100/70, 72.
Sitting 100/68, 74.
Standing 98/68, 80. - correct-answer -2. Supine 120/70, 70.
Sitting 102/64, 86.
Standing 100/60, 92.
There was a significant change in both blood pressure and heart rate with position
change. This indicates inadequate blood volume to sustain normal values. Normal
postural changes allow for an increase in heart rate of 5 to 20 bpm, a possible
slight decrease of less than 5 mm Hg in the systolic blood pressure, and a possible
slight increase of less than 5 mm Hg in the diastolic blood pressure.
A client is taking clonidine (Catapres) for treatment of hypertension. The nurse
should teach the client about which of the following common adverse effects of
this drug? Select all that apply.
1. Dry mouth.
