PSYC 450 Midterm Exam QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 100% RATED
CORRECT WITH 100% SURE
PASS|GRADED A+
What psychosocial correlates are noted with seizures? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Stress is
associated with chronic illness (e.g., loss of control, low self esteem, life restrictions, increased
dependency)
2. Family factors are associated with lower cognitive outcomes (e.g., negative reactions, lower SES,
divorce, parental control/dependency)
3. Higher risk of psychopathology (e.g., depression and anxiety)
What background information is necessary for assessments? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1)
Developmental and Family History
2) Medical Record Review
3) School File Review
4) Prior Assessment Results
5) Multidisciplinary Consultations
6) Risk Factors (Cognitive/mental health/psychosocial/academic)
What are developmental disorders/disabilities? Neurodevelopmental? - CORRECT ANSWERS
1) A diverse group of chronic disorders beginning at any time during developmental period (prior to age
18) that are lifelong.
2) NDD's relate to the structure/functioning of the developing brain which can be inborn or acquired
and specific or global.
What percentage of children/adolescents have an developmental disabiltiy? - CORRECT ANSWERS
17% in the US
,Major categories of developmental disorders? What are they characterized by? - CORRECT ANSWERS
1) Intellectual disability:
a. Characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour which impacts
educational performance
b. IQ less than 70 for mild ID/50 for severe ID
c. 2 AF areas (communication, self-care, home living, social/interpersonal skills, use of community
resources, self-direction, functional academic skills, work , leisure, health and safety)
2) Learning disability:
a. Difficulties with specific areas of learning that have a relation with academic performances.
b. Types: Dyslexia, dyscalculia, dysgraphoia, non verbal learning disabiltiy
c. Can occur at all levels of IQ
3) Communication/language disorders
4) Autism spectrum disorders
a. Characterized by significant deficits in social, communication, and behavioural domains
5) Neuropsychiatric disorders (ADHD/TS/Schizophrenia)
6) Neuromuscular disorders
7) Cerebral palsy
a. Disorders in the development of movement and posture causing activity limitation that are attributed
to non-progressive disturbances in fetal/infant brain
8) Sensory impairments
9) Disability associated with chronic disease
10) Acquired disorders (FASD, TBI, trauma)
11) Spinal cord injuries
What are neural tube deficits? - CORRECT ANSWERS Failure of the neurulation and closure
of the neural tube during development of central nervous system
, What is the difference between a disability, disorder, disease, syndrome, and designation? - CORRECT
ANSWERS 1) Disability: umbrella term covering impairments, limitations, and participation
restrictions
2) Disorder: A combination of signs/symptoms that are indicative of a particulate disorder (no direct
implication of pathology/etiology)
3) Disease: Underlying pathology/etiology is known and there is a distinct biomarker
4) Syndrome - combination of symptoms resulting from a single cause that is associated with a disease
process
5) Designation: Process of assigning students special needs status within school districts so they can
receive special education supports (not always equated with diagnosable disorder/disability
What are the main variables of consideration in the WHO International classification of function,
disability, and health (ICF)? What do they interact with? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Body
functions & structure
2) Activity
3) Participation
4) Interact with contextual factors (environmental/personal) AND health condition (disorder/disease)
What are environmental and experiential events associated with pathology? - CORRECT ANSWERS
1. Chronic understimulation/overstimulation
2. trauma/stess
3. loss/defeat
4. Complex/chronic family interactions
5. Self induced stress
Aspects of coping with disability? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Age of onset
2. Magnitude and overtness
3. Labeling and diagnosis
AND ANSWERS 100% RATED
CORRECT WITH 100% SURE
PASS|GRADED A+
What psychosocial correlates are noted with seizures? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Stress is
associated with chronic illness (e.g., loss of control, low self esteem, life restrictions, increased
dependency)
2. Family factors are associated with lower cognitive outcomes (e.g., negative reactions, lower SES,
divorce, parental control/dependency)
3. Higher risk of psychopathology (e.g., depression and anxiety)
What background information is necessary for assessments? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1)
Developmental and Family History
2) Medical Record Review
3) School File Review
4) Prior Assessment Results
5) Multidisciplinary Consultations
6) Risk Factors (Cognitive/mental health/psychosocial/academic)
What are developmental disorders/disabilities? Neurodevelopmental? - CORRECT ANSWERS
1) A diverse group of chronic disorders beginning at any time during developmental period (prior to age
18) that are lifelong.
2) NDD's relate to the structure/functioning of the developing brain which can be inborn or acquired
and specific or global.
What percentage of children/adolescents have an developmental disabiltiy? - CORRECT ANSWERS
17% in the US
,Major categories of developmental disorders? What are they characterized by? - CORRECT ANSWERS
1) Intellectual disability:
a. Characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour which impacts
educational performance
b. IQ less than 70 for mild ID/50 for severe ID
c. 2 AF areas (communication, self-care, home living, social/interpersonal skills, use of community
resources, self-direction, functional academic skills, work , leisure, health and safety)
2) Learning disability:
a. Difficulties with specific areas of learning that have a relation with academic performances.
b. Types: Dyslexia, dyscalculia, dysgraphoia, non verbal learning disabiltiy
c. Can occur at all levels of IQ
3) Communication/language disorders
4) Autism spectrum disorders
a. Characterized by significant deficits in social, communication, and behavioural domains
5) Neuropsychiatric disorders (ADHD/TS/Schizophrenia)
6) Neuromuscular disorders
7) Cerebral palsy
a. Disorders in the development of movement and posture causing activity limitation that are attributed
to non-progressive disturbances in fetal/infant brain
8) Sensory impairments
9) Disability associated with chronic disease
10) Acquired disorders (FASD, TBI, trauma)
11) Spinal cord injuries
What are neural tube deficits? - CORRECT ANSWERS Failure of the neurulation and closure
of the neural tube during development of central nervous system
, What is the difference between a disability, disorder, disease, syndrome, and designation? - CORRECT
ANSWERS 1) Disability: umbrella term covering impairments, limitations, and participation
restrictions
2) Disorder: A combination of signs/symptoms that are indicative of a particulate disorder (no direct
implication of pathology/etiology)
3) Disease: Underlying pathology/etiology is known and there is a distinct biomarker
4) Syndrome - combination of symptoms resulting from a single cause that is associated with a disease
process
5) Designation: Process of assigning students special needs status within school districts so they can
receive special education supports (not always equated with diagnosable disorder/disability
What are the main variables of consideration in the WHO International classification of function,
disability, and health (ICF)? What do they interact with? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Body
functions & structure
2) Activity
3) Participation
4) Interact with contextual factors (environmental/personal) AND health condition (disorder/disease)
What are environmental and experiential events associated with pathology? - CORRECT ANSWERS
1. Chronic understimulation/overstimulation
2. trauma/stess
3. loss/defeat
4. Complex/chronic family interactions
5. Self induced stress
Aspects of coping with disability? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Age of onset
2. Magnitude and overtness
3. Labeling and diagnosis
