FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND SKILLS
FOR NURSING
7TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. WILLIAMS
TEST BANK
Q1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Nursing and the Health Care System —
Historical Overview / Florence Nightingale
Clinical Stem: A newly hired LPN on a medical–surgical unit is
preparing an educational board that highlights historic nursing
contributions to patient care. The LPN wants to emphasize
Florence Nightingale’s most important contribution to modern
nursing practice. Which contribution should the LPN prioritize
for the board?
Options:
A. Development of advanced practice nursing roles.
B. Emphasis on sanitation, ventilation, and data-driven nursing
care.
,C. Creation of hospital-based nursing degree programs.
D. Introduction of modern pharmacologic therapies.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Nightingale emphasized sanitation,
ventilation, and using observation/data to improve patient
outcomes—foundations of modern nursing and infection
control. This links assessment, environment, and outcomes
(nursing process).
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Advanced practice roles developed much later; Nightingale
did not create them.
C. Formal degree programs emerged after Nightingale’s era; she
influenced education but did not create university degrees.
D. Pharmacologic therapies are medical advances that were not
Nightingale’s primary contribution.
Teaching Point: Nightingale established sanitary practice and
data-driven nursing care.
Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
Q2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Nursing and the Health Care System —
Nursing in North America
Clinical Stem: A nursing student asks the LPN preceptor why
nursing education in North America includes both practical
nursing (LPN/LVN) and registered nursing (RN) pathways. Which
,explanation best reflects the historic and practical reason for
multiple nursing education pathways?
Options:
A. To ensure only RNs provide direct bedside care.
B. To create tiers of nursing practice matching patient
complexity and healthcare needs.
C. To limit nursing roles to administrative tasks.
D. To centralize all nursing education in hospitals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Multiple pathways (practical and
registered) allow workforce flexibility—different preparation
levels match varying scopes of practice and patient complexity,
enabling safe delegation and staffing.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. LPNs also provide direct bedside care within scope.
C. Nursing roles include direct care, not limited to
administration.
D. Education is offered in multiple settings (schools, community
colleges), not solely hospitals.
Teaching Point: Multiple pathways provide workforce flexibility
and role differentiation.
Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
Q3
, Reference: Ch. 1 — The Art and Science of Nursing / Evidence-
Based Practice
Clinical Stem: On orientation, a new LPN is instructed to follow
a unit protocol for preventing pressure injuries. The LPN notices
that the protocol lacks recent evidence-based repositioning
intervals. What is the best initial action for the LPN?
Options:
A. Refuse to follow the protocol until it is rewritten.
B. Follow the protocol but bring the evidence gap to the charge
nurse and suggest a literature review.
C. Ignore the protocol and use personal judgment for
repositioning.
D. Ask the patient’s family to reposition the patient hourly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Following the current protocol maintains
patient safety and unit consistency, while escalating the
evidence gap aligns with evidence-based practice and
professional responsibility.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Refusing undermines unit safety and continuity.
C. Ignoring the protocol risks inconsistency and possible policy
violation.
D. Delegating repositioning to family without assessment is
inappropriate and unsafe.
Teaching Point: Follow policy; escalate evidence gaps to
improve practice.
FOR NURSING
7TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. WILLIAMS
TEST BANK
Q1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Nursing and the Health Care System —
Historical Overview / Florence Nightingale
Clinical Stem: A newly hired LPN on a medical–surgical unit is
preparing an educational board that highlights historic nursing
contributions to patient care. The LPN wants to emphasize
Florence Nightingale’s most important contribution to modern
nursing practice. Which contribution should the LPN prioritize
for the board?
Options:
A. Development of advanced practice nursing roles.
B. Emphasis on sanitation, ventilation, and data-driven nursing
care.
,C. Creation of hospital-based nursing degree programs.
D. Introduction of modern pharmacologic therapies.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Nightingale emphasized sanitation,
ventilation, and using observation/data to improve patient
outcomes—foundations of modern nursing and infection
control. This links assessment, environment, and outcomes
(nursing process).
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Advanced practice roles developed much later; Nightingale
did not create them.
C. Formal degree programs emerged after Nightingale’s era; she
influenced education but did not create university degrees.
D. Pharmacologic therapies are medical advances that were not
Nightingale’s primary contribution.
Teaching Point: Nightingale established sanitary practice and
data-driven nursing care.
Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
Q2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Nursing and the Health Care System —
Nursing in North America
Clinical Stem: A nursing student asks the LPN preceptor why
nursing education in North America includes both practical
nursing (LPN/LVN) and registered nursing (RN) pathways. Which
,explanation best reflects the historic and practical reason for
multiple nursing education pathways?
Options:
A. To ensure only RNs provide direct bedside care.
B. To create tiers of nursing practice matching patient
complexity and healthcare needs.
C. To limit nursing roles to administrative tasks.
D. To centralize all nursing education in hospitals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Multiple pathways (practical and
registered) allow workforce flexibility—different preparation
levels match varying scopes of practice and patient complexity,
enabling safe delegation and staffing.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. LPNs also provide direct bedside care within scope.
C. Nursing roles include direct care, not limited to
administration.
D. Education is offered in multiple settings (schools, community
colleges), not solely hospitals.
Teaching Point: Multiple pathways provide workforce flexibility
and role differentiation.
Citation: Williams, P. A. (7th ed.). Fundamental Concepts and
Skills for Nursing. Ch. 1.
Q3
, Reference: Ch. 1 — The Art and Science of Nursing / Evidence-
Based Practice
Clinical Stem: On orientation, a new LPN is instructed to follow
a unit protocol for preventing pressure injuries. The LPN notices
that the protocol lacks recent evidence-based repositioning
intervals. What is the best initial action for the LPN?
Options:
A. Refuse to follow the protocol until it is rewritten.
B. Follow the protocol but bring the evidence gap to the charge
nurse and suggest a literature review.
C. Ignore the protocol and use personal judgment for
repositioning.
D. Ask the patient’s family to reposition the patient hourly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale — Correct: Following the current protocol maintains
patient safety and unit consistency, while escalating the
evidence gap aligns with evidence-based practice and
professional responsibility.
Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Refusing undermines unit safety and continuity.
C. Ignoring the protocol risks inconsistency and possible policy
violation.
D. Delegating repositioning to family without assessment is
inappropriate and unsafe.
Teaching Point: Follow policy; escalate evidence gaps to
improve practice.
