NURS 460 Final Exam (2026) – 350 Questions on Oncology, Shock, Burns, ARDS & Critical Care

This document contains approximately 350 comprehensive exam-style questions with verified correct answers for NURS 460 Final Exam (2026). The material provides in-depth coverage of oncology, hematologic malignancies, musculoskeletal disorders, shock states, burn management, respiratory failure, ARDS, sepsis, cardiac emergencies, and advanced critical care concepts. Early sections (pages 1–8) review leading causes of cancer-related death (lung and bronchus, breast, prostate, colon/rectum, pancreas), cancer prevention strategies, chemotherapy and radiation side effects, TNM staging, CAUTION warning signs of cancer, PET scans, biopsies, and head and neck cancer complications. Hematologic malignancies are extensively covered, including Hodgkin’s lymphoma (Reed-Sternberg cells), Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, AML, ALL, CML, CLL, and pancreatic cancer manifestations (pages 9–14). Musculoskeletal content includes fractures, traction (Buck’s, skeletal, skin), compartment syndrome (6 Ps), amputations and phantom limb pain, osteoporosis and osteomyelitis management, rheumatoid arthritis versus osteoarthritis differentiation, lupus, scleroderma, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, and neurovascular assessment principles (pages 15–40). Laboratory value interpretation is emphasized, including electrolytes, CBC ranges, renal markers, amylase/lipase, and platelet counts. Infection prevention and isolation precautions (airborne, droplet, contact, enteric), HIV stages and AIDS criteria (CD4 200), and opportunistic infections are thoroughly reviewed (pages 28–33). Critical care content is highly detailed, including hypovolemic, cardiogenic, neurogenic, septic, anaphylactic, and obstructive shock; stages of shock progression; MODS; ARDS phases; hypoxemic versus hypercapnic respiratory failure; ventilator management (CPAP, BiPAP, PEEP); ET tube care and VAP prevention; burn phases (emergent, acute, rehabilitative); Parkland formula; graft types (autograft, allograft, CEA); and hypothermia, frostbite, heat stroke, and heat exhaustion management (pages 41–60). Cardiac pharmacology and emergency medications such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, vasopressin, atropine, amiodarone, adenosine, and sodium bicarbonate are included alongside VAD and IABP function and hemodynamic monitoring (CO, CVP, PAWP) (pages 66–74). The structured Q&A format mirrors senior-level medical-surgical and critical care nursing final examinations and strengthens advanced clinical reasoning, emergency prioritization, pathophysiology integration, hemodynamic interpretation, and evidence-based intervention planning. This resource is particularly relevant for: NURS 460 students Advanced Medical-Surgical Nursing courses Critical Care Nursing courses Senior-level BSN programs RN-to-BSN programs NCLEX-RN comprehensive review Critical care or ICU transition programs Keywords: NURS 460 Final Exam 2026, oncology nursing TNM staging, chemotherapy side effects management, Hodgkin lymphoma Reed Sternberg cells, AML ALL CML CLL differences, compartment syndrome 6 Ps, osteoporosis treatment bisphosphonates, osteomyelitis IV antibiotics, shock stages initial compensatory progressive refractory, cardiogenic vs hypovolemic shock, septic shock vasopressors, ARDS stages injury repair fibrotic, ventilator management PEEP CPAP BiPAP, ET tube care and VAP prevention, burn phases emergent acute rehabilitative, Parkland formula fluid resuscitation, VAD vs IABP benefits, cardiac arrest medications epinephrine amiodarone, MODS pathophysiology, HIV stages and CD4 criteria