Comprehensive Gynecology: PMS,
Amenorrhea, Dysmenorrhea,
Menorrhagia, Menopause, Vaginitis,
Endometriosis, PID, Ovarian Cysts,
PCOS, Uterine Prolapse, Fibroids
Tests | Latest 2026-2027 ||
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) -ANSWER Discomfort experienced prior to menses due to
rapid hormone shifts, deficiency, stress, etc. Irritability, mood swings, bloating,
cramping.
Amenorrhea -ANSWER Absent menstrual periods.
Primary Amenorrhea -ANSWER Delayed start of menstruation.
Secondary Amenorrhea -ANSWER Cessation of periods after they have started.
Causes of Amenorrhea -ANSWER Hormonal imbalance, depression, hormonal birth
control, excessive exercise, malnutrition, ovarian tumor, pregnancy.
Anovulation -ANSWER Absence of ovulation.
Dysmenorrhea -ANSWER Painful periods.
Causes of Dysmenorrhea -ANSWER Pelvic infections, cervical stenosis, endometriosis,
idiopathic.
Treatment for Dysmenorrhea -ANSWER OCPs, NSAIDs, heat.
Menorrhagia -ANSWER Heavy bleeding.
Causes of Menorrhagia -ANSWER Tumor, PID, hormone imbalances.
Treatment for Menorrhagia -ANSWER Related to cause (surgery, antibiotic, OCPs to treat
hormone imbalance).
Metrorrhagia -ANSWER Abnormal bleeding between periods.
Cause of Metrorrhagia -ANSWER Hormone imbalance causing abnormal thickening and
shedding of endometrial tissue.
, Treatment for Metrorrhagia -ANSWER D&C (dilation and curettage).
Menopause -ANSWER Natural halting of menstruation.
Periomenopause -ANSWER 40-50 years old, periods become inconsistent (4-5 year
transition).
Diagnosis of Menopause -ANSWER History of symptoms and menstrual cycles, labs, FSH
level.
Treatment for Menopause -ANSWER Antidepressants, low dose/short term hormone
replacement therapy (HRT).
Dyspareunia -ANSWER Pain before, during, after sex.
Vaginitis -ANSWER Inflammation of the vagina.
Types of Vaginitis -ANSWER Candida, trichomonas, atrophic.
Symptoms of Vaginitis -ANSWER Vaginal burning, itching, swelling of vagina and external
genitalia, foul/fishy odor, white, cottage cheese-appearing discharge from Candida.
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) -ANSWER Bacterial induced vaginal inflammation.
Signs/Symptoms of BV -ANSWER Thin, greyish white vaginal discharge with foul/fishy
odor, vaginal itching, dysuria.
Endometriosis -ANSWER Abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside of uterus.
Common Implantation Sites of Endometriosis -ANSWER Ovaries, fallopian tubes,
abdominal wall, intestines.
Signs/Symptoms of Endometriosis -ANSWER Dysmenorrhea, lower back, vaginal, and
pelvic cramping, dyspareunia, infertility.
Treatment for Endometriosis -ANSWER Hormones, remission with pregnancy, nursing,
menopause, pan hysterectomy.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) -ANSWER Signs/symptoms: fever.
Chills -ANSWER A sensation of coldness often accompanied by shivering.
Pelvic pain -ANSWER Pain located in the lower abdomen or pelvis.
Leukorrhea -ANSWER Abnormal vaginal discharge.
Amenorrhea, Dysmenorrhea,
Menorrhagia, Menopause, Vaginitis,
Endometriosis, PID, Ovarian Cysts,
PCOS, Uterine Prolapse, Fibroids
Tests | Latest 2026-2027 ||
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) -ANSWER Discomfort experienced prior to menses due to
rapid hormone shifts, deficiency, stress, etc. Irritability, mood swings, bloating,
cramping.
Amenorrhea -ANSWER Absent menstrual periods.
Primary Amenorrhea -ANSWER Delayed start of menstruation.
Secondary Amenorrhea -ANSWER Cessation of periods after they have started.
Causes of Amenorrhea -ANSWER Hormonal imbalance, depression, hormonal birth
control, excessive exercise, malnutrition, ovarian tumor, pregnancy.
Anovulation -ANSWER Absence of ovulation.
Dysmenorrhea -ANSWER Painful periods.
Causes of Dysmenorrhea -ANSWER Pelvic infections, cervical stenosis, endometriosis,
idiopathic.
Treatment for Dysmenorrhea -ANSWER OCPs, NSAIDs, heat.
Menorrhagia -ANSWER Heavy bleeding.
Causes of Menorrhagia -ANSWER Tumor, PID, hormone imbalances.
Treatment for Menorrhagia -ANSWER Related to cause (surgery, antibiotic, OCPs to treat
hormone imbalance).
Metrorrhagia -ANSWER Abnormal bleeding between periods.
Cause of Metrorrhagia -ANSWER Hormone imbalance causing abnormal thickening and
shedding of endometrial tissue.
, Treatment for Metrorrhagia -ANSWER D&C (dilation and curettage).
Menopause -ANSWER Natural halting of menstruation.
Periomenopause -ANSWER 40-50 years old, periods become inconsistent (4-5 year
transition).
Diagnosis of Menopause -ANSWER History of symptoms and menstrual cycles, labs, FSH
level.
Treatment for Menopause -ANSWER Antidepressants, low dose/short term hormone
replacement therapy (HRT).
Dyspareunia -ANSWER Pain before, during, after sex.
Vaginitis -ANSWER Inflammation of the vagina.
Types of Vaginitis -ANSWER Candida, trichomonas, atrophic.
Symptoms of Vaginitis -ANSWER Vaginal burning, itching, swelling of vagina and external
genitalia, foul/fishy odor, white, cottage cheese-appearing discharge from Candida.
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) -ANSWER Bacterial induced vaginal inflammation.
Signs/Symptoms of BV -ANSWER Thin, greyish white vaginal discharge with foul/fishy
odor, vaginal itching, dysuria.
Endometriosis -ANSWER Abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside of uterus.
Common Implantation Sites of Endometriosis -ANSWER Ovaries, fallopian tubes,
abdominal wall, intestines.
Signs/Symptoms of Endometriosis -ANSWER Dysmenorrhea, lower back, vaginal, and
pelvic cramping, dyspareunia, infertility.
Treatment for Endometriosis -ANSWER Hormones, remission with pregnancy, nursing,
menopause, pan hysterectomy.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) -ANSWER Signs/symptoms: fever.
Chills -ANSWER A sensation of coldness often accompanied by shivering.
Pelvic pain -ANSWER Pain located in the lower abdomen or pelvis.
Leukorrhea -ANSWER Abnormal vaginal discharge.
