Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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1. Neisser - Correct Answer: Higher mental processes
thinking, problem solving and longterm remembering.
2. Donders - Correct Answer: Reaction time
Simple reaction time versus choice reaction time.
choice reaction to take 1/10 seconds longer therefor it takes 1/10 seconds to
make a decision.
3. Cocktail Party Effect - Correct Answer: The ability to focus on one
conversation in a noisy environment while filtering out other background
noise.
"At a crowded party, you can pay attention to your friend's story but still notice
when someone across the room says your name."
your name having a Lower threshold in the brain
4. Analogical Encoding - Correct Answer: A technique where people are
encouraged to find similarities between two different problems to
understand the underlying principle.
,"In a business class, students compare a successful marketing strategy for a
restaurant to a campaign for a tech company, learning the deeper principle of
customer engagement."
5. Analogical Problem Solving - Correct Answer: Using the solution of a
past similar problem to solve a new, but related, problem.
"A doctor recalls how radiation was used at low intensities from different
angles to treat a tumor in one patient and applies the same method to a
different type of tumor."
6. Law of Pragnanz (Gestalt) - Correct Answer: A Gestalt psychology
principle stating that people perceive complex images in the simplest form
possible.
"When you see a group of overlapping circles, you naturally interpret them as
complete circles rather than confusing shapes."
7. method of loci (mnemonic) - Correct Answer: A way of remembering
sequential information by linking the new information to locations along a
familiar route.
8. Pineal gland and Sleep Cycle - Correct Answer: The pineal gland plays a
crucial role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle by producing and releasing
melatonin. Melatonin, a hormone primarily released at night, helps signal
to the body that it's time to rest.
,9. George Miller's Magic Number 7 - Correct Answer: Known for the
"magic number 7" people can hold about 7 +/- 2 items in short-term
memory.
"You can remember around 7 grocery items without writing them down"
10.Paivio's Dual Coding Theory - Correct Answer: Dual-coding theory (we
process info better when it's both verbal and visual).
Learning is easier when a diagram accompanies written instructions.
11.Atkinson and Shiffrin - Correct Answer: Proposed the multi-store model
of memory (sensory, short-term, and long-term memory).
You briefly see a phone number, repeat it to yourself (short-term), and later
remember it by writing it down (long-term).
12.Kosslyn - Correct Answer: Known for mental imagery and visual-spatial
reasoning.
When asked to picture your bedroom and mentally walk through it, you're
using visual imagery.
13.Adaptive Process - Correct Answer: The mental and behavioral
adjustments individuals make in response to changes in their environment
or new challenges
, "After moving to a new country, a person learns the new language and adopts
local customs to fit into their new environment."
14.Wernicke's Aphasia - Correct Answer: A language disorder caused by
damage to Wernicke's area, leading to fluent but nonsensical speech and
impaired language comprehension
"After brain damage, a woman speaks in long, flowing sentences, but they are
confusing and meaningless ("The butter talks when the wall runs"), and she has
trouble understanding or comprehending questions."
15.Wernicke's Area - Correct Answer: A region in the brain's left temporal
lobe that is crucial for understanding language.
"When you listen to a podcast and understand what the speaker is saying, your
Wernicke's area is actively comprehending the language."
16.Broca's Aphasia - Correct Answer: A speech disorder resulting from
damage to Broca's area (frontal lobe), causing difficulty in producing speech
while comprehension largely remains intact.
"After suffering a stroke, a man tries to say, "I need help," but can only say
"help... need," struggling with speech but understanding others perfectly."
17.Heuristic - Correct Answer: A mental shortcut that allows people to
solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently