ABC CERTIFIED ORTHOTIC FITTER EXAM COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
REVIEW - VERIFIED Q&A - MOST RECENT VERSION 2026
1. What is rubor?
Rubor is a dark coloration of the skin that does not fade.
2. What is mottling?
Mottling is a blotchy appearance of the skin.
3. What is a callus (tyloma)?
A callus consists of thickened layers of skin, often on the hands or feet, where
friction repeatedly occurs.
4. What is a hard corn (heloma durum)?
A hard corn is a small patch of thickened, dead skin with a packed center,
usually forming on the 4th or 5th toe.
5. What is a soft corn (heloma molle)?
A soft corn is a wound or thickened area usually located in the web space
between the 4th and 5th toes.
6. What is edema?
Edema is an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the
body.
7. What is dependent edema?
Dependent edema is fluid accumulation in the tissues influenced by gravity; it is
usually greater in the lower extremities than in tissue levels above the heart.
8. What is venous edema?
Venous edema is swelling caused by increased capillary pressure and venous
obstruction.
, 9. What is mixed edema?
Mixed edema is characterized by waxy skin.
10.What is lymphedema?
Lymphedema is swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid
within the tissues.
11.What is the normal pedal (foot) temperature?
The normal temperature is $80-90^{\circ}F$.
12.What is proprioception?
Proprioception is the perception or awareness of the position and movement of
the body.
13.What is the discrepancy window for the Tuning Fork Test (Weber test)?
The window is 8 seconds.
14.What percentage of the gait cycle does the stance phase comprise?
It comprises 62%.
15.What percentage of the gait cycle does the swing phase comprise?
It comprises 38%.
16.What is the sagittal plane?
The sagittal plane divides the body into right and left sides and is the plane for
dorsiflexion and plantarflexion.
17.What is the frontal plane?
The frontal plane divides the body into front and back (anterior/posterior)
portions and is the plane for inversion and eversion.
18.What is the transverse plane?
The transverse plane is a horizontal division of the body into upper and lower
portions and is the plane for abduction and adduction.
REVIEW - VERIFIED Q&A - MOST RECENT VERSION 2026
1. What is rubor?
Rubor is a dark coloration of the skin that does not fade.
2. What is mottling?
Mottling is a blotchy appearance of the skin.
3. What is a callus (tyloma)?
A callus consists of thickened layers of skin, often on the hands or feet, where
friction repeatedly occurs.
4. What is a hard corn (heloma durum)?
A hard corn is a small patch of thickened, dead skin with a packed center,
usually forming on the 4th or 5th toe.
5. What is a soft corn (heloma molle)?
A soft corn is a wound or thickened area usually located in the web space
between the 4th and 5th toes.
6. What is edema?
Edema is an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the
body.
7. What is dependent edema?
Dependent edema is fluid accumulation in the tissues influenced by gravity; it is
usually greater in the lower extremities than in tissue levels above the heart.
8. What is venous edema?
Venous edema is swelling caused by increased capillary pressure and venous
obstruction.
, 9. What is mixed edema?
Mixed edema is characterized by waxy skin.
10.What is lymphedema?
Lymphedema is swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid
within the tissues.
11.What is the normal pedal (foot) temperature?
The normal temperature is $80-90^{\circ}F$.
12.What is proprioception?
Proprioception is the perception or awareness of the position and movement of
the body.
13.What is the discrepancy window for the Tuning Fork Test (Weber test)?
The window is 8 seconds.
14.What percentage of the gait cycle does the stance phase comprise?
It comprises 62%.
15.What percentage of the gait cycle does the swing phase comprise?
It comprises 38%.
16.What is the sagittal plane?
The sagittal plane divides the body into right and left sides and is the plane for
dorsiflexion and plantarflexion.
17.What is the frontal plane?
The frontal plane divides the body into front and back (anterior/posterior)
portions and is the plane for inversion and eversion.
18.What is the transverse plane?
The transverse plane is a horizontal division of the body into upper and lower
portions and is the plane for abduction and adduction.
