UCVTS EDERY BIO ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
What does it mean the word "Polar" when talking about an atom?
An atom is polar when one part of a molecule has a negative charge, and the opposite side has a
positive one. This is because of the difference in distribution of protons and electrons. (Ex. Water
molecule, side that has the 2 hydrogen are positive, while side of the oxygen atom that has no
protons is negative.
What are the monomers for each of the macromolecules?
Protein- Amino Acids
Carbohydrates- monosacharides
Nucleic Acids- Nucleotides
Lipids- Fatty acids and Glycerol
Define hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis
Hydrolysis: Hydrolysis is a process where two chemicals that are already bonded together can
seperate due to the addition of a water molecule.
Dehydration Synthesis: It is a chemical process that bonds two chemicals together by taking out
2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom(taking out a water molecule). Ex. Two amino acids are
joined together by a peptide bond; multiple of those bonds form a polypeptide.
What are the six kingdoms?
Archea- Unicellular, have a cell wall, their only level of organization is a cell. They can be
Autotrophic or Heterotrophic, and they produce asexually by binary fission. Only some are
motile (able to move), and the ones that move use flagella. They are prokaryotic.
Bacteria- Unicellular, have a cell wall, cell is the highest level of organization, Autotrophic and
Heterotrophic, they produce asexually.
Protista- Unicellular or multicellular, only some have cell walls, the highest level of organization
is a cell, Autotrophic or Heterotrophic, only some are motile (motile by flagella, amoeboid, and
cilia), asexual and sexual reproductions.
Fungi- Unicellular and multicellular, they do have cell walls. The highest level of organization
can be a cell or tissue. Heterotrophic absorption, most are non-motile, but some have a
reproductive structure with flagella. They can produce asexually and sexually.
Plantae-Multicellular, they do have a cell wall, the highest level is an organ system, Autotrophic,
non-motile, reproduce asexually and sexually,
Animilia- Multicellular; they do not have a cell wall. The highest level is organ systems.
Heterotrophic ingestion, they are motile, they reproduce sexually, producing asexually is super
rare.
What are the 4 different types of spheres on Earth? Define them.
, Biosphere- Part of Earth where life exist including water, land, air, and atmosphere.
Atmosphere- Includes all gases that surround the Earth.
Geosphere- Includes the rocks, continents, ocean floor, and interior of the planet.
Hydrosphere- Consists of all water on Earth, such as fresh and salt water, including water vapor
and underground water.
What are the terms used in a periodic square? (Ex. Carbon)
The number at the top of Carbon is the Atomic number, which is the number of protons in that
element. The number at the bottom of the square is the atomic mass, which is the average mass
of the combination of the electrons, protons, and neutrons in an element.
List and explain the 4 different cycles.
Carbon cycle
Phosphorus cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Water cycle
What is the difference between exponential and logistic growth?
Exponential- growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at an increasing
rate (On a graph, it is similar to a J shape). Logistic growth goes through 3 phases, where it
grows exponentially for a short period of time, then the growth begins to slow down, and from
there it eventually reaches carrying capacity, where it doesn't stop growing, but the death and
birth rates are somewhat equal. (On a graph, it is compared to an S).
What is needed for cellular respiration?
For cellular respiration, the reactants are Glucose (sugar) and oxygen. The products of cellular
respiration are carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
Define water's structure and explain how it gives it different characteristics.
Water's structure is a molecule made by one oxygen atom and 2 hydrogen atoms. When these
positive side meets a negative side because water is polar, they don't connect; they form a very
weak bond called a hydrogen bond. Due to this bond, water has a very high heat capacity. Some
more characteristics would be adhesion (sticking to other things) and cohesion (sticking to itself)
Define ATP and what it is used for.
ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate, which is a nucleotide (Monomer for Nucleic Acids)
that carries energy to all the cells in the body. It is used for providing energy to the cells in the
body, such as muscle contractions, nerve signals to form new proteins, and powering almost all
cellular activities.
What is an enzyme?
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
What does it mean the word "Polar" when talking about an atom?
An atom is polar when one part of a molecule has a negative charge, and the opposite side has a
positive one. This is because of the difference in distribution of protons and electrons. (Ex. Water
molecule, side that has the 2 hydrogen are positive, while side of the oxygen atom that has no
protons is negative.
What are the monomers for each of the macromolecules?
Protein- Amino Acids
Carbohydrates- monosacharides
Nucleic Acids- Nucleotides
Lipids- Fatty acids and Glycerol
Define hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis
Hydrolysis: Hydrolysis is a process where two chemicals that are already bonded together can
seperate due to the addition of a water molecule.
Dehydration Synthesis: It is a chemical process that bonds two chemicals together by taking out
2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom(taking out a water molecule). Ex. Two amino acids are
joined together by a peptide bond; multiple of those bonds form a polypeptide.
What are the six kingdoms?
Archea- Unicellular, have a cell wall, their only level of organization is a cell. They can be
Autotrophic or Heterotrophic, and they produce asexually by binary fission. Only some are
motile (able to move), and the ones that move use flagella. They are prokaryotic.
Bacteria- Unicellular, have a cell wall, cell is the highest level of organization, Autotrophic and
Heterotrophic, they produce asexually.
Protista- Unicellular or multicellular, only some have cell walls, the highest level of organization
is a cell, Autotrophic or Heterotrophic, only some are motile (motile by flagella, amoeboid, and
cilia), asexual and sexual reproductions.
Fungi- Unicellular and multicellular, they do have cell walls. The highest level of organization
can be a cell or tissue. Heterotrophic absorption, most are non-motile, but some have a
reproductive structure with flagella. They can produce asexually and sexually.
Plantae-Multicellular, they do have a cell wall, the highest level is an organ system, Autotrophic,
non-motile, reproduce asexually and sexually,
Animilia- Multicellular; they do not have a cell wall. The highest level is organ systems.
Heterotrophic ingestion, they are motile, they reproduce sexually, producing asexually is super
rare.
What are the 4 different types of spheres on Earth? Define them.
, Biosphere- Part of Earth where life exist including water, land, air, and atmosphere.
Atmosphere- Includes all gases that surround the Earth.
Geosphere- Includes the rocks, continents, ocean floor, and interior of the planet.
Hydrosphere- Consists of all water on Earth, such as fresh and salt water, including water vapor
and underground water.
What are the terms used in a periodic square? (Ex. Carbon)
The number at the top of Carbon is the Atomic number, which is the number of protons in that
element. The number at the bottom of the square is the atomic mass, which is the average mass
of the combination of the electrons, protons, and neutrons in an element.
List and explain the 4 different cycles.
Carbon cycle
Phosphorus cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Water cycle
What is the difference between exponential and logistic growth?
Exponential- growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at an increasing
rate (On a graph, it is similar to a J shape). Logistic growth goes through 3 phases, where it
grows exponentially for a short period of time, then the growth begins to slow down, and from
there it eventually reaches carrying capacity, where it doesn't stop growing, but the death and
birth rates are somewhat equal. (On a graph, it is compared to an S).
What is needed for cellular respiration?
For cellular respiration, the reactants are Glucose (sugar) and oxygen. The products of cellular
respiration are carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
Define water's structure and explain how it gives it different characteristics.
Water's structure is a molecule made by one oxygen atom and 2 hydrogen atoms. When these
positive side meets a negative side because water is polar, they don't connect; they form a very
weak bond called a hydrogen bond. Due to this bond, water has a very high heat capacity. Some
more characteristics would be adhesion (sticking to other things) and cohesion (sticking to itself)
Define ATP and what it is used for.
ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate, which is a nucleotide (Monomer for Nucleic Acids)
that carries energy to all the cells in the body. It is used for providing energy to the cells in the
body, such as muscle contractions, nerve signals to form new proteins, and powering almost all
cellular activities.
What is an enzyme?
