ASCP CG CERTIFICATION PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |
ASSURED SUCCESS|| LATEST UPDATE
2026
Below are 120 ASCP CG (Cytogenetics Technologist) Certification–Style Practice
Questions (2026 Edition) with verified correct answers and detailed rationales, aligned with
the content outline from the American Society for Clinical Pathology Board of Certification
(BOC).
These questions reflect domains tested on the CG(ASCP) exam:
• Chromosome structure & function
• Cell culture & harvesting
• Banding & karyotyping
• FISH & molecular cytogenetics
• Oncology cytogenetics
• Prenatal/postnatal genetics
• Quality control & lab operations
🧬 ASCP CG Practice Exam (1–120)
SECTION 1: Chromosome Structure & Basic Genetics
1. The normal human diploid chromosome number is:
A. 23
B. 44
C. 46
,D. 48
Answer: C
Rationale: Somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes (22 autosomal pairs + XX or XY).
2. A chromosome with the centromere in the middle is classified as:
A. Acrocentric
B. Submetacentric
C. Metacentric
D. Telocentric
Answer: C
Rationale: Metacentric chromosomes have arms of equal length.
3. Human chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22 are:
A. Metacentric
B. Submetacentric
C. Acrocentric
D. Telocentric
Answer: C
Rationale: These have satellites and very short p arms.
4. The p arm refers to:
A. Long arm
B. Short arm
C. Centromere
D. Telomere
Answer: B
Rationale: “p” = petite (short arm).
5. Telomeres function primarily to:
A. Initiate replication
B. Protect chromosome ends
C. Bind spindle fibers
D. Attach chromatids
, Answer: B
Rationale: Telomeres prevent chromosomal degradation and fusion.
6. A structural rearrangement involving exchange between non-homologous
chromosomes is:
A. Inversion
B. Deletion
C. Translocation
D. Duplication
Answer: C
Rationale: Translocations involve exchange between different chromosomes.
7. Robertsonian translocations typically involve:
A. Metacentric chromosomes
B. Acrocentric chromosomes
C. Sex chromosomes
D. Telocentric chromosomes
Answer: B
Rationale: Fusion at centromeres of acrocentric chromosomes.
8. Mosaicism refers to:
A. Identical chromosome sets
B. Two or more genetically different cell lines
C. Polyploidy
D. Haploidy
Answer: B
Rationale: Mosaic individuals contain distinct karyotypes.
9. Trisomy 21 results in:
A. Turner syndrome
B. Down syndrome
C. Klinefelter syndrome
D. Edwards syndrome
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |
ASSURED SUCCESS|| LATEST UPDATE
2026
Below are 120 ASCP CG (Cytogenetics Technologist) Certification–Style Practice
Questions (2026 Edition) with verified correct answers and detailed rationales, aligned with
the content outline from the American Society for Clinical Pathology Board of Certification
(BOC).
These questions reflect domains tested on the CG(ASCP) exam:
• Chromosome structure & function
• Cell culture & harvesting
• Banding & karyotyping
• FISH & molecular cytogenetics
• Oncology cytogenetics
• Prenatal/postnatal genetics
• Quality control & lab operations
🧬 ASCP CG Practice Exam (1–120)
SECTION 1: Chromosome Structure & Basic Genetics
1. The normal human diploid chromosome number is:
A. 23
B. 44
C. 46
,D. 48
Answer: C
Rationale: Somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes (22 autosomal pairs + XX or XY).
2. A chromosome with the centromere in the middle is classified as:
A. Acrocentric
B. Submetacentric
C. Metacentric
D. Telocentric
Answer: C
Rationale: Metacentric chromosomes have arms of equal length.
3. Human chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22 are:
A. Metacentric
B. Submetacentric
C. Acrocentric
D. Telocentric
Answer: C
Rationale: These have satellites and very short p arms.
4. The p arm refers to:
A. Long arm
B. Short arm
C. Centromere
D. Telomere
Answer: B
Rationale: “p” = petite (short arm).
5. Telomeres function primarily to:
A. Initiate replication
B. Protect chromosome ends
C. Bind spindle fibers
D. Attach chromatids
, Answer: B
Rationale: Telomeres prevent chromosomal degradation and fusion.
6. A structural rearrangement involving exchange between non-homologous
chromosomes is:
A. Inversion
B. Deletion
C. Translocation
D. Duplication
Answer: C
Rationale: Translocations involve exchange between different chromosomes.
7. Robertsonian translocations typically involve:
A. Metacentric chromosomes
B. Acrocentric chromosomes
C. Sex chromosomes
D. Telocentric chromosomes
Answer: B
Rationale: Fusion at centromeres of acrocentric chromosomes.
8. Mosaicism refers to:
A. Identical chromosome sets
B. Two or more genetically different cell lines
C. Polyploidy
D. Haploidy
Answer: B
Rationale: Mosaic individuals contain distinct karyotypes.
9. Trisomy 21 results in:
A. Turner syndrome
B. Down syndrome
C. Klinefelter syndrome
D. Edwards syndrome
