HLTH 2000 Exam Questions With All Correct Detailed Answers

HLTH 2000 Exam Questions With All Correct Detailed Answers How many stages are in the trans theoretical model? - Answer- 6 stages: -pre-contemplation -contemplation -preparation -action -maintenance -termination what are the 4 constructs of the health belief model? - Answer- -perceived susceptibility -perceived severity -perceived benefits -perceived barriers what are the socioecological model levels? - Answer- -individual -interpersonal -organizational -community -public policy why is theory used in health promotion? - Answer- -indicates reasons why people are not behaving -identifies information needed before developing an intervention -provides a framework for developing an intervention Public health enemy #1 is: - Answer- Tobacco Use Public health enemy #2 is: - Answer- Poor diet and physical inactivity Why are these things considered public health enemies? - Answer- -they are the leading preventable causes of chronic disease -causes premature death What are some strategies or ways that these health problems are being addressed? - Answer- - smoke free areas - promoting physical activity - federal dietary guidelines for americans - educating people on the dangers 2 categories of injury death and examples of each: - Answer- 1. Unintentional injuries -ex: falling 2. Intentional injuries -ex: suicide Epidemiological facts about injuries - Answer- -injuries are the U.S's 4th leading cause of death -They are the leading cause of death for ages 1-44 -Higher injury rates exist for groups with lower SES. -Males have higher injury rates than females -Blacks have lower injury mortality than whites but have higher homicide rates Leading cause of injury death - Answer- poisoning the 3 E's of injury prevention: - Answer- 1. education 2. enforcement 3. engineering What are some trends/issues for the elderly population? - Answer- issues: -older people in poorer health and require more medical care: growth in cost of medicare -average age of americans is increasing: baby boomers are starting to retire trends: - 12% live in nursing homes -females outnumber males in older age groups -after 80 most women are widowed and live alone, most men are married and live with wives What are factors that affect the health of the elderly? - Answer- -Smoking -Nutrition and physical activity -Medical care What are some conditions/diseases that the elderly population might be faced with? - Answer- -Alzheimer's -Dementia -Osteoporosis What does medical care include? - Answer- -preventative care -testing for risk factors and secondary prevention -treatment of injuries -diagnosis and treatment of illnesses -provision of emergency medicine services Examples of when medical care is a public health responsibility - Answer- -VA (veterans) system -Prisoners -Hospitals -prevention of spread of diseases What is the difference between Medicare and Medicaid? - Answer- Medicare: a part of the social security system, for old people Medicaid: a welfare program for the poor. What is the difference between professional and research ethics? - Answer- Professional ethics: focuses on the actions that are right and wrong in the workplace/public matter vs. Research ethics: subset of professional ethics, voluntary participation Top 5 issues in healthcare - Answer- 1. Balancing care quality and efficiency 2. Improving access to care 3. Building and sustaining the healthcare workforce of the future 4. Addressing end-of-life issues 5. Allocating limited medications and donor organs Why should people act ethically? - Answer- -Ethics provide a standard by which we live -Ethical behavior brings meaning and purpose to life -Ethical behavior leads to a healthier and more satisfying life What are some ethical issues in health education/healthcare? - Answer- -confidentiality -consent -disclosure -competence -conflict of interest 4 phases of emergency management - Answer- 1. preparedness 2. response 3. recovery 4. mitigation Types of disasters - Answer- -Natural disasters -technological disasters World Trade Center response - Answer- - 13,000-15,000 people were evacuated - 2,801 people died - Many failures of communication and coordination occurred - Protection of rescue and cleanup workers from environmental hazards failed World trade center response continuted: - Answer- -arranged for mental health counseling -sampled dust and debris to assess risk -monitored safety of food and drinking water served to emergency workers Hurricane Katrina effects - Answer- -161 billion in damages -1833 deaths -caused flooding, oil spills, erosion & tree loss Principles for emergency preparedness - Answer- - advance planning - good communication and coordination - incident command system (ICS) - national incident management system (NIMS) - federal government funding to states - strategic stockpile of medical supplies examples of bioterrorism - Answer- Smallpox Anthrax Ebola Plague Fastest growing population is: - Answer- people 65 and older Societal trends that have impacted health - Answer- technology, family structure, medical care establishment where might health educators have opportunities for employment? - Answer- Schools, community settings, health care settings What is healthy people 2030? - Answer- Healthy People 2030 provides 10-year, measurable public health objectives and identifies priorities to improve health and well-being in the US. What are some toxic substances that we can be exposed to? - Answer- - lead - arsenic - asbestos - radon What is a built environment? - Answer- The human-made surroundings that provide the setting for human activity. What are some of the recent situations that have impacted a safe water supply in certain states? - Answer- Safe Drinking Water Act