LEHNE PHARMACOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE CHAPTER REVIEW FROM CHAPTER 1 THROUGH 110 WITH GUIDED QUESTIONS AND RATIONALES

LEHNE PHARMACOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE
CHAPTER REVIEW FROM CHAPTER 1 THROUGH
110 WITH GUIDED QUESTIONS AND
RATIONALES



©Cholinesterase inhibitors - Indirectly prevent the breakdown of
acetylcholine


©Nicotine


Insecticides


Chemical warfare - Toxicology encompasses the following:


©Bethenachol - Muscarinic agonists


©Atropine - Muscarinic antagonists


©Nicotine - Ganglionic stimulating agents

,©Mecamylamine - Ganglionic blocking agents


©d-Tubocurarine, succinylcholine - Neuromuscular blocking agents


©Neostigmine, physostigmine - Cholinesterase inhibitors (representative
drugs)


©Know the receptors that the drug affects


Know the normal responses to the activation of those receptors


Know whether the drug in question increases or decreases receptor
activation - Name some tips for understanding the cholinergic drugs


©Muscarinic Agonist: Bethanechol - "Parasympathomimetic agent"
Selective agonist at muscarinic cholinergic receptors


Heart: Bradycardia


Smooth muscle:
Lung: Constriction of the bronchi
Gastrointestinal system: Increased tone and motility

, Bladder: Contraction of detrusor muscle and relaxation of the trigone
and sphincter


Exocrine glands: Increased sweating, salivation, bronchial secretions,
and secretion of gastric acid


Eye: Miosis and contraction of the ciliary muscle


©Effects/Uses of Bethanechol - Therapeutic uses: Urinary retention and
investigational gastrointestinal uses


Adverse effects:
Cardiovascular system: Hypotension
Gastrointestinal system: Increased tone and motility
Exacerbation of asthma
Dysrhythmias in patients with hyperthyroidism


©Acetylcholine - Used for rapid miosis (pupil constriction) after
delivery in cataract surgery


©Pilocarpine - Used mainly for topical therapy of glaucoma


©Cevimeline - Derivative of acetylcholine