AEST Associate of Agriculture Industry Certification Study
Guide || 100% Errorless Answers.
Describe the process of mitosis & Meiosis and include the stages of Mitosis correct answers
mitosis- genetically identical; daughter cells.
meiosis- genetically different; gamates
Stages of mitosis & meiosis correct answers Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase,
Interphase
Describe the function of photosynthesis, transpiration, & cellular respiration. correct answers
photosynthesis- makes food, sun, h20, co2, creates sugars & starches
transpiration- loss of water from plant
cell respiration- releasing energy
List & define 8 types of land classification correct answers 1-4 cultivate (1 is best, can farm on)
5-8 grazing (only for animals)
what is soil texture vs soil structure & list the soil particles in order of particle size- large to
small correct answers soil texture- % of sand, silt, clay
soil structure - arrangement of particles
Separate the 17 essential plant nutrients into macro & micro, make sure t indicate which three are
the most important correct answers macro: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Oxygen, Carbon,
Hydrogen, Calcium, Sulfur, Magnesium.
Micro: Maganese, Molybdenum, Chlorine, Copper, Boron, Zink, Nickel, Iron
what is the most important nutrient's main purpose for the plant? correct answers Nitrogen; helps
to make the plant green (chlorophyll)
Describe the following propagation methods of air layering, tissue culture, stem cuttings, leaf
cuttings, root cuttings, & seeds. correct answers Air layering is a method of propagating new
trees and shrubs from stems still attached to the parent plant. The stem is wrapped with damp
moss to encourage roots to form.
Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or
organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. It is widely
used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation.
Stem cuttings: It involves taking a section of stem from a parent plant and manipulating it to
create a new plant.
leaf cuttings: stem cutting produces new roots, and a root cutting produces new stems
root cuttings: the portion of root is cut from a parent plant (often called a mother plant), placed in
a growing medium, and then left to grow its own system of roots and stems.
seeds: is the method of plant propagation (multiplying, reproducing, or breeding new plants) that
is done through the use of seeds.
What is germination vs propagation correct answers germination- seed sprouts
, propagation- growing plants
Describe asexual plant propagation & sexual plant propagation. correct answers asexual:
cuttings, layering, division, buddings, & grafting
sexual:involves the union of the pollen (male) with the egg (female) to produce a seed
Breakdown the spermatophyta category of plants & describe each sub level. correct answers
Gymnosperm- cones, naked seeds
Angiosperm- Flower parts (monocotyledons- first leaf, parallel veins, non-woody flowers * 3)
(dicotyledons- netted veins, woody, flowers *4 or 5).
describe the vascular system of a monocotyledon & dicotyledon correct answers monocot-
vascular bundles
dicot- organized
What are the 3 vegetative parts of the plant & what are their main function? correct answers leaf-
photosynthesis
stem-support
root- water/ nutrients
what are the two types of roots? correct answers tap & fibrous
list & describe 5 modified stems correct answers Tuber: eyes, food storage, propagation
(growing plants), underground
Rhizome(turf grass, ginger): underground horizontal stem, food storage
bulb: with bulblets, underground, food storage
bulb with leaves: underground, food storage
cladophyl: stem that goes through photosynthesis, above ground
stolon( golf course grass): above ground, horizontal stem, photosynthesis
what is the reproductive part of the plant? correct answers The flower is the reproductive unit of
some plants (angiosperms). Parts of the flower include petals, sepals, one or more carpels (the
female reproductive organs), and stamens (the male reproductive organs).
What is osmosis? correct answers is the passive transport of water across a selectively permeable
membrane in order to reduce a concentration difference of a solute between a concentrate and
permeate solution separated by the membrane
Name the cereal crops correct answers Rice 2. Wheat, bread wheat 3. Durum wheat, macaroni
wheat 4. Corn or maize 5. Job's Tears, salay, adlay, tigbe, pawas 6. Barley 7. Millet 8. Sorghum
9. Oat 10. Rye 11. Triticale 12. Teff, taf 13. Fonio 14. Wild rice, Canada rice, Indian rice, water
oats 15. Spelt 16. Canary grass
list and define cell parts reviewed in class, include which cell parts are specific to plants. correct
answers
Guide || 100% Errorless Answers.
Describe the process of mitosis & Meiosis and include the stages of Mitosis correct answers
mitosis- genetically identical; daughter cells.
meiosis- genetically different; gamates
Stages of mitosis & meiosis correct answers Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase,
Interphase
Describe the function of photosynthesis, transpiration, & cellular respiration. correct answers
photosynthesis- makes food, sun, h20, co2, creates sugars & starches
transpiration- loss of water from plant
cell respiration- releasing energy
List & define 8 types of land classification correct answers 1-4 cultivate (1 is best, can farm on)
5-8 grazing (only for animals)
what is soil texture vs soil structure & list the soil particles in order of particle size- large to
small correct answers soil texture- % of sand, silt, clay
soil structure - arrangement of particles
Separate the 17 essential plant nutrients into macro & micro, make sure t indicate which three are
the most important correct answers macro: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Oxygen, Carbon,
Hydrogen, Calcium, Sulfur, Magnesium.
Micro: Maganese, Molybdenum, Chlorine, Copper, Boron, Zink, Nickel, Iron
what is the most important nutrient's main purpose for the plant? correct answers Nitrogen; helps
to make the plant green (chlorophyll)
Describe the following propagation methods of air layering, tissue culture, stem cuttings, leaf
cuttings, root cuttings, & seeds. correct answers Air layering is a method of propagating new
trees and shrubs from stems still attached to the parent plant. The stem is wrapped with damp
moss to encourage roots to form.
Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or
organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. It is widely
used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation.
Stem cuttings: It involves taking a section of stem from a parent plant and manipulating it to
create a new plant.
leaf cuttings: stem cutting produces new roots, and a root cutting produces new stems
root cuttings: the portion of root is cut from a parent plant (often called a mother plant), placed in
a growing medium, and then left to grow its own system of roots and stems.
seeds: is the method of plant propagation (multiplying, reproducing, or breeding new plants) that
is done through the use of seeds.
What is germination vs propagation correct answers germination- seed sprouts
, propagation- growing plants
Describe asexual plant propagation & sexual plant propagation. correct answers asexual:
cuttings, layering, division, buddings, & grafting
sexual:involves the union of the pollen (male) with the egg (female) to produce a seed
Breakdown the spermatophyta category of plants & describe each sub level. correct answers
Gymnosperm- cones, naked seeds
Angiosperm- Flower parts (monocotyledons- first leaf, parallel veins, non-woody flowers * 3)
(dicotyledons- netted veins, woody, flowers *4 or 5).
describe the vascular system of a monocotyledon & dicotyledon correct answers monocot-
vascular bundles
dicot- organized
What are the 3 vegetative parts of the plant & what are their main function? correct answers leaf-
photosynthesis
stem-support
root- water/ nutrients
what are the two types of roots? correct answers tap & fibrous
list & describe 5 modified stems correct answers Tuber: eyes, food storage, propagation
(growing plants), underground
Rhizome(turf grass, ginger): underground horizontal stem, food storage
bulb: with bulblets, underground, food storage
bulb with leaves: underground, food storage
cladophyl: stem that goes through photosynthesis, above ground
stolon( golf course grass): above ground, horizontal stem, photosynthesis
what is the reproductive part of the plant? correct answers The flower is the reproductive unit of
some plants (angiosperms). Parts of the flower include petals, sepals, one or more carpels (the
female reproductive organs), and stamens (the male reproductive organs).
What is osmosis? correct answers is the passive transport of water across a selectively permeable
membrane in order to reduce a concentration difference of a solute between a concentrate and
permeate solution separated by the membrane
Name the cereal crops correct answers Rice 2. Wheat, bread wheat 3. Durum wheat, macaroni
wheat 4. Corn or maize 5. Job's Tears, salay, adlay, tigbe, pawas 6. Barley 7. Millet 8. Sorghum
9. Oat 10. Rye 11. Triticale 12. Teff, taf 13. Fonio 14. Wild rice, Canada rice, Indian rice, water
oats 15. Spelt 16. Canary grass
list and define cell parts reviewed in class, include which cell parts are specific to plants. correct
answers
