NSG 54 Final Exam Prep Questions With Complete
Solutions
How will you teach Carl about using an incentive spirometer?
1. Sit upright on the edge of your bed or in a chair. Hold the
incentive spirometer at eye level.
o If you had surgery on your chest or abdomen (belly), it may
help to splint your incision (surgical cut). To do this, hold a
pillow against your incision. This will keep your muscles from
moving as much while you're using the spirometer. It will also
help ease pain at your incision.
2. Before you use the spirometer, breathe out (exhale) slowly
and fully through your mouth.
3. Put the mouthpiece in your mouth and close your lips tightly
around it. Make sure you do not block the mouthpiece with your
tongue.
4. Breathe in (inhale) slowly through your mouth as deeply as
you can. You will see the piston slowly rise inside the
spirometer. The deeper you breathe in, the higher the piston will
rise.
5. Try to get the piston to rise as high as you can. As the piston
rises, the coaching indicator on the right side of the spirometer
should also rise. It should stay between the 2 arrows
What are hip precautions?
1. do not flex beyond 90°
2. do not adduct or cross your legs or ankles
3. do not internally rotate
,4. do not pivot at hip
5. sit only on raised chairs and raised toilet seats
6. transfer sit to stand by keeping the operated hip in slight
abduction and extended out in front
Hip surgery considerations
It is important to know the type of surgery and the doctor's
specific protocol in order to properly educate your patient after
the hip replacement surgery.
-Know your patient's weight bearing status before any attempt to
ambulate
Types of Hip Surgery
There are 3 main types of hip replacement surgeries:
• Anterior hip replacement
• Posterior hip replacement
• SuperPATH approach
Informed consent includes
Explanation- of the procedure or treatment
Names/Qualifications- Doctors name and credentials
Description of risks- serious harm, including death, that may
occur as a result of the procedure
Alternative Therapies- to having surgery (examples: physical
therapy, doing nothing, and the risks)
Right to Refuse- the procedure without stopping supportive care
Refuse after the procedure starts- Even if the procedure has
started (and the patient is awake/alert) they can change their
mind and decide they don't want the procedure.
, Informed consent: How would you proceed if:
1. An unconscious patient- obtain consent from someone legally
authorized.
2. Parents refusing treatment for a child- they can do that. The
court may intervene on the child's behalf.
3. A 16 year old parent-can sign for themself
4. A sedated patient- obtain consent from someone legally
authorized.
5. An older patient being prepared for surgery- if A&O, they can
sign for themselves.
Nurses obligation in consenting a patient
The nurse is responsible and accountable for the verification of
and witnessing that the patient or the legal representative has
signed the consent document in their presence and that the
patient, or the legal representative, is of legal age and competent
to provide consent.
Who can consent:
Competent adult
Parent of minor or legal guardian
An adult sibling or grandparent (if it's an emergency and parents
are not present)
Minors in specific cases(Sexually transmitted infection (STI),
pregnant, married)
Who is responsible for obtaining consent? The person
performing the procedure
Foley Catheter Care
Solutions
How will you teach Carl about using an incentive spirometer?
1. Sit upright on the edge of your bed or in a chair. Hold the
incentive spirometer at eye level.
o If you had surgery on your chest or abdomen (belly), it may
help to splint your incision (surgical cut). To do this, hold a
pillow against your incision. This will keep your muscles from
moving as much while you're using the spirometer. It will also
help ease pain at your incision.
2. Before you use the spirometer, breathe out (exhale) slowly
and fully through your mouth.
3. Put the mouthpiece in your mouth and close your lips tightly
around it. Make sure you do not block the mouthpiece with your
tongue.
4. Breathe in (inhale) slowly through your mouth as deeply as
you can. You will see the piston slowly rise inside the
spirometer. The deeper you breathe in, the higher the piston will
rise.
5. Try to get the piston to rise as high as you can. As the piston
rises, the coaching indicator on the right side of the spirometer
should also rise. It should stay between the 2 arrows
What are hip precautions?
1. do not flex beyond 90°
2. do not adduct or cross your legs or ankles
3. do not internally rotate
,4. do not pivot at hip
5. sit only on raised chairs and raised toilet seats
6. transfer sit to stand by keeping the operated hip in slight
abduction and extended out in front
Hip surgery considerations
It is important to know the type of surgery and the doctor's
specific protocol in order to properly educate your patient after
the hip replacement surgery.
-Know your patient's weight bearing status before any attempt to
ambulate
Types of Hip Surgery
There are 3 main types of hip replacement surgeries:
• Anterior hip replacement
• Posterior hip replacement
• SuperPATH approach
Informed consent includes
Explanation- of the procedure or treatment
Names/Qualifications- Doctors name and credentials
Description of risks- serious harm, including death, that may
occur as a result of the procedure
Alternative Therapies- to having surgery (examples: physical
therapy, doing nothing, and the risks)
Right to Refuse- the procedure without stopping supportive care
Refuse after the procedure starts- Even if the procedure has
started (and the patient is awake/alert) they can change their
mind and decide they don't want the procedure.
, Informed consent: How would you proceed if:
1. An unconscious patient- obtain consent from someone legally
authorized.
2. Parents refusing treatment for a child- they can do that. The
court may intervene on the child's behalf.
3. A 16 year old parent-can sign for themself
4. A sedated patient- obtain consent from someone legally
authorized.
5. An older patient being prepared for surgery- if A&O, they can
sign for themselves.
Nurses obligation in consenting a patient
The nurse is responsible and accountable for the verification of
and witnessing that the patient or the legal representative has
signed the consent document in their presence and that the
patient, or the legal representative, is of legal age and competent
to provide consent.
Who can consent:
Competent adult
Parent of minor or legal guardian
An adult sibling or grandparent (if it's an emergency and parents
are not present)
Minors in specific cases(Sexually transmitted infection (STI),
pregnant, married)
Who is responsible for obtaining consent? The person
performing the procedure
Foley Catheter Care
