CRIMINOLOGY UNIT 3 NOTES CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION 2026 COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS ANSWERS
◉ Actus Reus. Answer: Latin for "the guilty act" which refers to a
voluntary action, omission, or state of being that is forbidden by the
Criminal Code.
◉ Mens Rea. Answer: Latin for "the guilty mind"; a deliberate
intention to commit a wrongful act, with reckless disregard for the
consequences.
◉ Crime Equation. Answer: Actus Reus (guilty act) + Mens rea
(guilty mind) = Crime
◉ The Criminal Code of Canada. Answer: The main origin of most
criminal laws in Canada. It contains the majority of criminal laws
passed by Parliament. It is a federal statute that applies throughout
Canada, covering all the provinces and territories.
◉ Federal & Provincial. Answer: Two levels of government that
share jurisdiction for administering the criminal justice system.
,◉ Criminal LAw. Answer: A category of public law that prohibits and
punishes behaviour that injures people, property, and society as a
whole.
◉ Aiding. Answer: A criminal offence that involves helping a
perpetrator commit a crime.
◉ Abetting. Answer: The crime of encouraging the perpetrator to
commit an offence, without providing physical assistance.
◉ Intent. Answer: A state of mind in which someone desires to carry
out a wrongful action, knows what the results will be, and is reckless
regarding the consequences.
◉ General Intent. Answer: The desire to commit a wrongful act for
its own sake, with no ulterior motive or purpose.
◉ Specific Intent. Answer: The desire to commit one wrongful act for
the sake of accomplishing another.
◉ Criminal Negligence. Answer: Wanton or reckless disregard for
the lives and safety of others, sometimes causing serious injury or
death.
, ◉ Perpetrator. Answer: The person who actually commits the crime.
◉ Accessory after the Fact. Answer: Someone who knowingly
receives, comforts, or assists a perpetrator in escaping from the
police.
◉ Parties to an offence. Answer: People indirectly involved in
committing a crime.
◉ Motive. Answer: The reason a person commits a crime.
◉ Party to common intention. Answer: The shared responsibility
among criminals for additional offences that are committed in the
course of the crime they originally intended to commit.
◉ Attempt. Answer: The intention to commit a crime, even if the
crime is not completed.
◉ Conspiracy. Answer: An agreement between 2 or more people to
carry out an illegal act, even if that act does not actually occur.
◉ Counselling. Answer: A crime that involves advising,
recommending, or persuading another person to commit a criminal
offence.
EVALUATION 2026 COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS ANSWERS
◉ Actus Reus. Answer: Latin for "the guilty act" which refers to a
voluntary action, omission, or state of being that is forbidden by the
Criminal Code.
◉ Mens Rea. Answer: Latin for "the guilty mind"; a deliberate
intention to commit a wrongful act, with reckless disregard for the
consequences.
◉ Crime Equation. Answer: Actus Reus (guilty act) + Mens rea
(guilty mind) = Crime
◉ The Criminal Code of Canada. Answer: The main origin of most
criminal laws in Canada. It contains the majority of criminal laws
passed by Parliament. It is a federal statute that applies throughout
Canada, covering all the provinces and territories.
◉ Federal & Provincial. Answer: Two levels of government that
share jurisdiction for administering the criminal justice system.
,◉ Criminal LAw. Answer: A category of public law that prohibits and
punishes behaviour that injures people, property, and society as a
whole.
◉ Aiding. Answer: A criminal offence that involves helping a
perpetrator commit a crime.
◉ Abetting. Answer: The crime of encouraging the perpetrator to
commit an offence, without providing physical assistance.
◉ Intent. Answer: A state of mind in which someone desires to carry
out a wrongful action, knows what the results will be, and is reckless
regarding the consequences.
◉ General Intent. Answer: The desire to commit a wrongful act for
its own sake, with no ulterior motive or purpose.
◉ Specific Intent. Answer: The desire to commit one wrongful act for
the sake of accomplishing another.
◉ Criminal Negligence. Answer: Wanton or reckless disregard for
the lives and safety of others, sometimes causing serious injury or
death.
, ◉ Perpetrator. Answer: The person who actually commits the crime.
◉ Accessory after the Fact. Answer: Someone who knowingly
receives, comforts, or assists a perpetrator in escaping from the
police.
◉ Parties to an offence. Answer: People indirectly involved in
committing a crime.
◉ Motive. Answer: The reason a person commits a crime.
◉ Party to common intention. Answer: The shared responsibility
among criminals for additional offences that are committed in the
course of the crime they originally intended to commit.
◉ Attempt. Answer: The intention to commit a crime, even if the
crime is not completed.
◉ Conspiracy. Answer: An agreement between 2 or more people to
carry out an illegal act, even if that act does not actually occur.
◉ Counselling. Answer: A crime that involves advising,
recommending, or persuading another person to commit a criminal
offence.
