NURS 611 Exam 3 Pathophysiology Actual Exam 2026 | Complete Test Bank with Verified Answers | Advanced Pathophysiology

NURS 611 EXAM 3 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




Questions with Correct Answers HJ HJ HJ




100% Verified Graded A+ HJ HJ HJ




1. What imbalance lessens the rate of secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




a. Increased serum calcium levels
HJ HJ HJ




HJ b.Decreased serum magnesium levels HJ HJ HJ




c. Decreased levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone
HJ HJ HJ HJ




d. Increased levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone
HJ HJ HJ HJ




Answer: A. The overall effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)is to increase serum
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ calcium and to decrease serum phosphate concentration. The other presented
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




imbalances will not affect PTH in the described fashion.
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




2. Regulation of the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla is an
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ example of which type of regulation?
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




a. Negative feedback HJ




HJ c.Neural

b. Positive feedbackHJ




Page 1 of 221

, d.Physiologic

Answer: c. The release of hormones occurs either in response to an alter- ation in the
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




cellular environment or in the process of maintaining a regulated level of certain
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




hormones or certain substances. Several different mechanisms, one of which is neural
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ control (e.g., stress-induced release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla),
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




regulate the release of hormones.The remaining options do not accurately describe the
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ H
J HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ example given. HJ




3. How does a faulty negative-feedback mechanism result in a hormonal im-
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ balance?

a.Hormones are not synthesized in response to cellular and tissue activities.
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ b.Decreased hormonal secretion is a response to rising hormone levels. c.Too little
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ hormone production is initiated.
HJ HJ HJ




d.Excessive hormone production results from a failure to turn off the sys- tem.
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




Answer: D. Negative-feedback systems are important in maintaining hormones within
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ physiologic ranges. The lack of negative-feedback inhibition on hormonal release
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ often results in pathologic conditions. Excessive hormone production, which is the
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ result of the failure to turn off the system, can cause various hormonal imbalances
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ and related conditions. The correct option is the only accurate description of this
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




Page 2 of 221

, hormonal function.
HJ HJ




4. Which substance is a water-soluble protein hormone?
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ a.Thyroxine

c.Follicle-stimulating hormone HJ




HJ b.Aldosterone

d.Insulin

Answer: D. Peptide or protein hormones, such as insulin, pituitary, hypothalamic, and
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




parathyroid, are water soluble and circulate in free (unbound) forms. All the
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




remaining options are fat-soluble hormones.
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




5. Which of the following is a lipid-soluble hormone?
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ a.Cortisol

c.Epinephrine

b.Oxytocin
HJ




d.Growth hormone HJ




Answer: A HJ




Cortisol and adrenal androgens are lipid-soluble hormones and are primarily bound to a
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




carrier or transport protein in circulation. The other options are water-soluble
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




hormones.
HJ




Page 3 of 221

, 6. Most protein hormones are transported in the bloodstream and are
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




a. Bound to a lipid-soluble carrier HJ HJ HJ HJ




b. Free in an unbound, water-soluble form
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




c. Bound to a water soluble-binding protein
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




d. Free because of their lipid-soluble chemistry
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




Answer: B HJ




Peptide or protein hormones, such as insulin, pituitary, hypothalamic, and parathy-
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ roid, are water soluble and circulate in free (unbound) forms. The other options are
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ not true statements related to the transport of protein hormones.
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




7. when insulin binds its receptors on muscle cells, an increase in glucose uptake
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ by the muscle cells is the result. This is an example of what type of effect by a
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




HJ hormone?

a. Pharmacologic

HJ c.Synergistic

HJ b.Permissive

HJ d.Direct

Answer: D HJ




Direct effects are the obvious changes in cell function that specifically result from
HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ HJ




Page 4 of 221