N3661 Fluid And Electrolytes (exam 1) With
Complete Solution
at risk pt - ANSWER Older adults b/c less kidney func, muscle, thirst, thin skin
isotonic IV fluid - ANSWER NS: most common ECF fluid replacement, blood products
- Caution w/ HF
D5W (not rapid vol replace b/c hyperglycemia)
hypotonic IV fluid - ANSWER 0.45%NS: hypernatremia
hypertonic IV fluid - ANSWER 3%NS, D50 = use w/ caution
IV gauge - ANSWER 20-22 gauge are commonly used
14-18 gauge are used for trauma and blood administration
22-24 smaller used of older adults
IV complications - ANSWER FVO
Septicemia
Hematoma
clot, obstruction
air embolism
infiltration
, extravasation
phlebitis, thrombophlebitis
Air embolism - ANSWER JVD, palpitations dyspnea wheezing cyanosis
tx: turn pt. on left side in Trendelenburg- cap leaked line
IV infiltration - ANSWER s/s: edema, fluid leak, discomfort, coolness, tissue slough
Tx: discon IV
IV Extravasation - ANSWER irritant solution or medication (Vasopressors, K/Ca, chemo)
s/s: blistering necrosis inflammation
Tx: stop the infusion - sometimes there is an antidote prescribed.
Phlebitis - ANSWER s/s: inflammation of the vein
Tx: d/c iv apply warm compresses
Thrombophlebitis - ANSWER s/s: discomfort, redness, warmth swelling, immobility of
the extremity, sluggish flow rate, fever, leukocytosis.
tx: d/c iv cold compress, check site q1h, check compatibility of iv fluids and meds
FVD cause - ANSWER Flu, too lethargic, diabetes insipidus
Complete Solution
at risk pt - ANSWER Older adults b/c less kidney func, muscle, thirst, thin skin
isotonic IV fluid - ANSWER NS: most common ECF fluid replacement, blood products
- Caution w/ HF
D5W (not rapid vol replace b/c hyperglycemia)
hypotonic IV fluid - ANSWER 0.45%NS: hypernatremia
hypertonic IV fluid - ANSWER 3%NS, D50 = use w/ caution
IV gauge - ANSWER 20-22 gauge are commonly used
14-18 gauge are used for trauma and blood administration
22-24 smaller used of older adults
IV complications - ANSWER FVO
Septicemia
Hematoma
clot, obstruction
air embolism
infiltration
, extravasation
phlebitis, thrombophlebitis
Air embolism - ANSWER JVD, palpitations dyspnea wheezing cyanosis
tx: turn pt. on left side in Trendelenburg- cap leaked line
IV infiltration - ANSWER s/s: edema, fluid leak, discomfort, coolness, tissue slough
Tx: discon IV
IV Extravasation - ANSWER irritant solution or medication (Vasopressors, K/Ca, chemo)
s/s: blistering necrosis inflammation
Tx: stop the infusion - sometimes there is an antidote prescribed.
Phlebitis - ANSWER s/s: inflammation of the vein
Tx: d/c iv apply warm compresses
Thrombophlebitis - ANSWER s/s: discomfort, redness, warmth swelling, immobility of
the extremity, sluggish flow rate, fever, leukocytosis.
tx: d/c iv cold compress, check site q1h, check compatibility of iv fluids and meds
FVD cause - ANSWER Flu, too lethargic, diabetes insipidus
