Nursing Foundational Concepts Complete
Questions & Answers
SECTION 1: APRN ROLES & REGULATION (Questions 1-5)
Q1: According to the Consensus Model for APRN Regulation, which of the following is
recognized as one of the four core APRN roles?
A. Nurse Educator
B. Nurse Administrator
C. Certified Nurse-Midwife
D. Nurse Informaticist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Consensus Model identifies four core APRN roles: Certified Registered
Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA), Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM), Clinical Nurse Specialist
(CNS), and Certified Nurse Practitioner (CNP). These roles are distinguished by
population foci and specialized education. Nurse Educator (A), Nurse Administrator (B),
and Nurse Informaticist (D) are advanced nursing roles but are not classified as APRN
roles under the Consensus Model as they do not require direct care clinical preparation
at the graduate level. The Consensus Model standardizes APRN regulation across the
United States through the LACE framework.
,Q2: A nurse practitioner graduate is applying for licensure in a state with reduced
practice authority. Which statement accurately describes what this means for their
practice?
A. They must practice under direct on-site supervision by a physician at all times
B. They can practice independently but cannot prescribe controlled substances
C. They have at least one element of practice required by state law to be supervised by
an outside health discipline
D. They have full authority to evaluate, diagnose, and treat without physician oversight
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The AANP and NCSBN categorize state practice environments as Full,
Reduced, or Restricted. Reduced practice means the NP has at least one element of
practice (such as prescribing, ordering diagnostic tests, or practice authority) that
requires supervision, delegation, or collaboration with an outside health discipline
(typically a physician). Option A describes restricted practice (the most limited
category). Option B is not a standard regulatory category. Option D describes full
practice authority, where NPs evaluate patients, diagnose, order and interpret diagnostic
tests, initiate and manage treatments, and prescribe medications under the exclusive
licensure authority of the state board of nursing.
Q3: Which organization grants advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) the federal
authority to prescribe controlled substances?
A. State Board of Nursing
B. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
, C. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
D. The Joint Commission
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), a division of the U.S.
Department of Justice, grants federal authority to prescribe controlled substances.
APRNs must obtain a DEA registration number (in addition to state licensure and
prescriptive authority) to prescribe Schedule II-V controlled substances. The State Board
of Nursing (A) regulates licensure and scope of practice at the state level but cannot
override federal controlled substance regulations. The FDA (C) approves drugs for
market, monitors safety, and schedules substances initially, but does not grant
prescribing authority. The Joint Commission (D) accredits healthcare organizations and
sets quality standards but does not regulate individual prescriptive authority.
Q4 (Select All That Apply): Which of the following are components of the LACE
framework for APRN regulation? Select all that apply.
A. Licensure
B. Accreditation
C. Legislation
D. Certification
E. Education
Correct Answers: A, B, D, E