NFDN MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2026/2027 LATEST
UPDATE
Components of health history - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>biological data,
chief
complaint, history of present illness, systems assessment, lifestyle,
psychological data, patterns of health
Preoperative assessment checklist - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>- vital signs
- routine hygiene
- allergy/ID band checked and on
- hospital gown with no nail polish or jewellery, dentures out
- consent form signed
- charts prepared
Factors of preoperative stress - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>knowledge deficit
causing anxiety, anger, anticipatory grieving (could be loss of limb),
What do patients do with valuables during preop -
✔✔ANSWER>>>>don't bring them, lock up or put away whatever is
brought, could also leave items with family member
1|Page
,Latex allergy risk factors - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>- history of
anaphylactic reaction of unknown etiology during medical procedure
- multiple surgical procedures (especially from infancy)
- allergies (particularly kiwi, bananas, avocado, chestnuts,
poinsettia plants)
- job with daily exposure to latex (medical, nursing, food handler,
tire manufacture etc) - asthma
Crossmatch - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>testing compatibility of the bloods
or tissues of a donor and a recipient by mixing them together to
determine the absence of agglutination reactions
Can students act as a witness for a consent form -
✔✔ANSWER>>>>No, the must have a licensed buddy nurse with
them to witness
Who is required to ask the client to sign informed consent form for
surgery Is anyone else present - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>the surgeon
witness must be present, nurse can be it
General anaesthesia mode of delivery - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>inhalation
or IV
Perioperative and nurses role - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>pre-admission,
health history, preparation for OR, diagnostics, pre-anaesthetic
medication prior to surgery may be ordered
2|Page
, nurses role: teaching!!, stress reduction, history gathering, ensure
consent signed, explain pre and post op procedures, explain OR and
post op care
Postoperative - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>- receive client and report
condition including relevant preop stats (vitals, lab values, allergies)
- medications given
- estimated blood loss and replacement fluids
- presence of tubes, drains, catheters, wound status, surgical
complications
Spinal anaesthesia mode of delivery - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>local
anaesthetic inserted between L4/5, goes into spinal fluid in
(subarachnoid space)
Epidural anaesthesia mode of delivery - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>local
anesthetic injected in epidural space, around L5
Regional anaesthesia mode of delivery - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>nerve
block to a specific area
Local anaesthesia mode of delivery - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>local
anaesthetic to specific part of the body, injected or topical
Caudal block - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>local anaesthetic injected into
sacral hiatus (end bit of epidural)
Surgical risks - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>- chronic resp or cardio disorders
3|Page
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2026/2027 LATEST
UPDATE
Components of health history - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>biological data,
chief
complaint, history of present illness, systems assessment, lifestyle,
psychological data, patterns of health
Preoperative assessment checklist - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>- vital signs
- routine hygiene
- allergy/ID band checked and on
- hospital gown with no nail polish or jewellery, dentures out
- consent form signed
- charts prepared
Factors of preoperative stress - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>knowledge deficit
causing anxiety, anger, anticipatory grieving (could be loss of limb),
What do patients do with valuables during preop -
✔✔ANSWER>>>>don't bring them, lock up or put away whatever is
brought, could also leave items with family member
1|Page
,Latex allergy risk factors - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>- history of
anaphylactic reaction of unknown etiology during medical procedure
- multiple surgical procedures (especially from infancy)
- allergies (particularly kiwi, bananas, avocado, chestnuts,
poinsettia plants)
- job with daily exposure to latex (medical, nursing, food handler,
tire manufacture etc) - asthma
Crossmatch - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>testing compatibility of the bloods
or tissues of a donor and a recipient by mixing them together to
determine the absence of agglutination reactions
Can students act as a witness for a consent form -
✔✔ANSWER>>>>No, the must have a licensed buddy nurse with
them to witness
Who is required to ask the client to sign informed consent form for
surgery Is anyone else present - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>the surgeon
witness must be present, nurse can be it
General anaesthesia mode of delivery - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>inhalation
or IV
Perioperative and nurses role - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>pre-admission,
health history, preparation for OR, diagnostics, pre-anaesthetic
medication prior to surgery may be ordered
2|Page
, nurses role: teaching!!, stress reduction, history gathering, ensure
consent signed, explain pre and post op procedures, explain OR and
post op care
Postoperative - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>- receive client and report
condition including relevant preop stats (vitals, lab values, allergies)
- medications given
- estimated blood loss and replacement fluids
- presence of tubes, drains, catheters, wound status, surgical
complications
Spinal anaesthesia mode of delivery - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>local
anaesthetic inserted between L4/5, goes into spinal fluid in
(subarachnoid space)
Epidural anaesthesia mode of delivery - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>local
anesthetic injected in epidural space, around L5
Regional anaesthesia mode of delivery - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>nerve
block to a specific area
Local anaesthesia mode of delivery - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>local
anaesthetic to specific part of the body, injected or topical
Caudal block - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>local anaesthetic injected into
sacral hiatus (end bit of epidural)
Surgical risks - ✔✔ANSWER>>>>- chronic resp or cardio disorders
3|Page
