CFRN SECTION 8: CARDIAC ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
2026/2027 LATEST UPDATE
where in the conduction system of the heart does a LBBB occur? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>before the bifurcation of the ant and posterior fasicle so
both are out of service
How many of the cardiac bundle branches need to conduct to the
perkenjie fibers? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>only one
they will all be depolarized but may be delayed
what are the two types of cardiac infarcts? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>1. transmural
2 . nontransmural/subendocardial
which of the 2 types of cardiac infarcts extends the full thickness of the
myocardium and endocardium and epicardium? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>transmural
,which of the 2 types of cardiac infarcts limits damage to subendocardial
region? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>nontransmural
which layer of the heart are the coronary vessels located? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>epicardium on the outside of the heart with branches
that penetrate into myocardium
which layer of the heart is first to get hypoxic after an occlusion of the
cardiac vessel? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>the endocardium is first
because it is farthest downstream.
when is the heart perfused? during systole or diastole? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>diastole on the left side and right side during systole
How do you decrease pressure on the endocardium to improve perfusion
to the heart muscle during an MI? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>decrease
blood pressure within the heart
which medications do we give ACS patient to decrease preload? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>nitroglycerin
morphine
what ICU parameter measures end diastolic ventricular pressure? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>PCWP
, arterial diastolic- PCWP= coronary perfusion pressure
how do we calculate coronary perfusion pressure? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>arterial diastolic- PCWP= coronary perfusion pressure
what are the three layers of the heart? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>epicardium myocardium:thick muscular
endocardium: thin inside
what type of muscle is the heart made of? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>striated and intercalated cells
2 spiral and 1 circular
the four chambers of the heart are diviided by what? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>intraventricular
septum atrial ventricular septum
what order are the valves of the heart? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Tricuspid Pulmonary
Mitral Aortic which valves are atrioventricular? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>tricuspid and Mitral
which heart valves are semilunar? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Pulmonary and Aortic
what creates the heart sounds we auscultate? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>the closing of the heart valves
PHYSIOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
2026/2027 LATEST UPDATE
where in the conduction system of the heart does a LBBB occur? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>before the bifurcation of the ant and posterior fasicle so
both are out of service
How many of the cardiac bundle branches need to conduct to the
perkenjie fibers? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>only one
they will all be depolarized but may be delayed
what are the two types of cardiac infarcts? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>1. transmural
2 . nontransmural/subendocardial
which of the 2 types of cardiac infarcts extends the full thickness of the
myocardium and endocardium and epicardium? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>transmural
,which of the 2 types of cardiac infarcts limits damage to subendocardial
region? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>nontransmural
which layer of the heart are the coronary vessels located? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>epicardium on the outside of the heart with branches
that penetrate into myocardium
which layer of the heart is first to get hypoxic after an occlusion of the
cardiac vessel? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>the endocardium is first
because it is farthest downstream.
when is the heart perfused? during systole or diastole? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>diastole on the left side and right side during systole
How do you decrease pressure on the endocardium to improve perfusion
to the heart muscle during an MI? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>decrease
blood pressure within the heart
which medications do we give ACS patient to decrease preload? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>nitroglycerin
morphine
what ICU parameter measures end diastolic ventricular pressure? -
CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>PCWP
, arterial diastolic- PCWP= coronary perfusion pressure
how do we calculate coronary perfusion pressure? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>arterial diastolic- PCWP= coronary perfusion pressure
what are the three layers of the heart? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>epicardium myocardium:thick muscular
endocardium: thin inside
what type of muscle is the heart made of? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>striated and intercalated cells
2 spiral and 1 circular
the four chambers of the heart are diviided by what? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>intraventricular
septum atrial ventricular septum
what order are the valves of the heart? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Tricuspid Pulmonary
Mitral Aortic which valves are atrioventricular? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>tricuspid and Mitral
which heart valves are semilunar? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Pulmonary and Aortic
what creates the heart sounds we auscultate? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>the closing of the heart valves
