NSG 502 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
agnosia - CORRECT ANSWER- - Inability to recognize faces and
objects
- Inability to recognize smells, sounds, or shapes
- Inability to attach meaning to objective information
agnosia can cause: - CORRECT ANSWER- - Impaired nutrition (if
unable to recognize a spoon, they may not eat)
- Poor hygiene (brushing hair with a toothbrush)
- Resistance to care (shower hose may look like a snake/pt. is not going
to get into the shower)
nursing care for agnosia - CORRECT ANSWER- - Cover or remove
mirrors to reduce distress
- Demonstrate use of utensils and/or grooming tools
- Assist with care and eating tasks
- Include in care
How does assessing for restlessness and LOC changes help pulmonary
alterations? - CORRECT ANSWER- - may indicate lowered brain
perfusion
- may indicate need for o2
- may indicate new infection
what is dementia? - CORRECT ANSWER- "Dementia is
characterized by a progressive impairment of cognitive function,
personality, and behavior."
- Memory impairment and confusion
- Impaired communication
- Personality and behavioral changes
,- Provide coaching and cueing
- Label items (may work for patient in early dementia)
- Make concrete (visual) choices available
- Adjust time expectations
- Pay attention to reactions and behaviors
common behaviors among persons with dementia - CORRECT
ANSWER- - Shadowing - usually a caregiver and mimics their actions
(feels safe and secure)
- Touching and patting an object (can not identify object or understand
what they are feeling)
- Hollering, angry outbursts, refusing to eat as a result of pain
- Wandering
how to provide better care to dementia patients - CORRECT
ANSWER- -Ensure they are using their glasses and hearing aids
- Manage pain—they cannot always tell you where it is or what's going
on
- Keep the room well-lit
- Minimize excess noise
- One sentence/instruction at a time
- Be patient
- Include patient in their care
Define -ectomy - CORRECT ANSWER- - excision or removal of
- ex: appendectomy
Define -lysis (surgical) - CORRECT ANSWER- - destruction of
- electrolysis (hair removal)
Define -orrhaphy - CORRECT ANSWER- - repair or suture of
- ex: herniorrhaphy
Define -oscopy - CORRECT ANSWER- - looking into
- ex: endoscopy
Define -ostomy - CORRECT ANSWER- - creation of opening into
,- ex: colonoscopy
Define -otomy - CORRECT ANSWER- - cutting into or incision of
- ex: tracheotomy
Define -plasty - CORRECT ANSWER- - repair or reconstruction of
- ex: mammoplasty
Define bypass - CORRECT ANSWER- - surgery to provide a conduit
past a blockage
- ex: coronary artery bypass surgery; gastric bypass surgery
Define rhino- - CORRECT ANSWER- - nose
- ex: rhinoplasty (nose job)
Define tympano- - CORRECT ANSWER- - ear drum (tympanic
membrane)
- ex: tympanostomy
Define thorac- - CORRECT ANSWER- - chest
- ex: thoracentesis
Define pnemon- - CORRECT ANSWER- - lungs
- ex: pneumonectomy
Define herni- - CORRECT ANSWER- rupture/protrusion
Define col- - CORRECT ANSWER- - colon
- ex: colectomy
Define ileo- - CORRECT ANSWER- - ilium
- ex: ileostomy
List critical parameters within the preoperative history and physical that
have the potential to delay surgery: *infection unrelated to surgical
procedure* - CORRECT ANSWER- - check CBC for elevated WBC
- An impaired immune system can lead to delayed wound healing and
an increased risk for infections.
, - Elective surgery may be canceled if the patient has an acute infection
(e.g., sinusitis, influenza).
List critical parameters within the preoperative history and physical that
have the potential to delay surgery: *coagulapathy from drugs or
diseases* - CORRECT ANSWER- - check INR/PT, aPTT
- gotta be able to control the bleeding as you cut someone open
three legal requirements of informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER-
- *adequate disclosure* of diagnosis, treatments, risks, probability of
success, alternative treatments, alternative prognoses
- *patient understanding* before sedation
- *gives consent voluntarily*
discuss legal implications of informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER-
- surgeon is ultimately responsible
- nurse is witness to signature
- nurse is advocate for patient understanding, implications, and no
coercion
- consent can be withdrawn at any time (even if signed)
- If the patient is a minor, unconscious, or mentally incompetent to sign
the permit, a legally appointed representative or responsible family
member may give written permission
- A true medical emergency may override the need to obtain consent.
what is presumed consent? - CORRECT ANSWER- a legislative
framework in which citizens must place their name on a national opt-out
register, otherwise their consent for donating their organs will be
presumed.
are emancipated minors able to consent to their own treatment? -
CORRECT ANSWER- yes
Discuss the importance of surgical site and time out in the preoperative
checklist. - CORRECT ANSWER- avoid a sentinel event by ensuring
the following:
- correct patient
- correct surgery
ANSWERS
agnosia - CORRECT ANSWER- - Inability to recognize faces and
objects
- Inability to recognize smells, sounds, or shapes
- Inability to attach meaning to objective information
agnosia can cause: - CORRECT ANSWER- - Impaired nutrition (if
unable to recognize a spoon, they may not eat)
- Poor hygiene (brushing hair with a toothbrush)
- Resistance to care (shower hose may look like a snake/pt. is not going
to get into the shower)
nursing care for agnosia - CORRECT ANSWER- - Cover or remove
mirrors to reduce distress
- Demonstrate use of utensils and/or grooming tools
- Assist with care and eating tasks
- Include in care
How does assessing for restlessness and LOC changes help pulmonary
alterations? - CORRECT ANSWER- - may indicate lowered brain
perfusion
- may indicate need for o2
- may indicate new infection
what is dementia? - CORRECT ANSWER- "Dementia is
characterized by a progressive impairment of cognitive function,
personality, and behavior."
- Memory impairment and confusion
- Impaired communication
- Personality and behavioral changes
,- Provide coaching and cueing
- Label items (may work for patient in early dementia)
- Make concrete (visual) choices available
- Adjust time expectations
- Pay attention to reactions and behaviors
common behaviors among persons with dementia - CORRECT
ANSWER- - Shadowing - usually a caregiver and mimics their actions
(feels safe and secure)
- Touching and patting an object (can not identify object or understand
what they are feeling)
- Hollering, angry outbursts, refusing to eat as a result of pain
- Wandering
how to provide better care to dementia patients - CORRECT
ANSWER- -Ensure they are using their glasses and hearing aids
- Manage pain—they cannot always tell you where it is or what's going
on
- Keep the room well-lit
- Minimize excess noise
- One sentence/instruction at a time
- Be patient
- Include patient in their care
Define -ectomy - CORRECT ANSWER- - excision or removal of
- ex: appendectomy
Define -lysis (surgical) - CORRECT ANSWER- - destruction of
- electrolysis (hair removal)
Define -orrhaphy - CORRECT ANSWER- - repair or suture of
- ex: herniorrhaphy
Define -oscopy - CORRECT ANSWER- - looking into
- ex: endoscopy
Define -ostomy - CORRECT ANSWER- - creation of opening into
,- ex: colonoscopy
Define -otomy - CORRECT ANSWER- - cutting into or incision of
- ex: tracheotomy
Define -plasty - CORRECT ANSWER- - repair or reconstruction of
- ex: mammoplasty
Define bypass - CORRECT ANSWER- - surgery to provide a conduit
past a blockage
- ex: coronary artery bypass surgery; gastric bypass surgery
Define rhino- - CORRECT ANSWER- - nose
- ex: rhinoplasty (nose job)
Define tympano- - CORRECT ANSWER- - ear drum (tympanic
membrane)
- ex: tympanostomy
Define thorac- - CORRECT ANSWER- - chest
- ex: thoracentesis
Define pnemon- - CORRECT ANSWER- - lungs
- ex: pneumonectomy
Define herni- - CORRECT ANSWER- rupture/protrusion
Define col- - CORRECT ANSWER- - colon
- ex: colectomy
Define ileo- - CORRECT ANSWER- - ilium
- ex: ileostomy
List critical parameters within the preoperative history and physical that
have the potential to delay surgery: *infection unrelated to surgical
procedure* - CORRECT ANSWER- - check CBC for elevated WBC
- An impaired immune system can lead to delayed wound healing and
an increased risk for infections.
, - Elective surgery may be canceled if the patient has an acute infection
(e.g., sinusitis, influenza).
List critical parameters within the preoperative history and physical that
have the potential to delay surgery: *coagulapathy from drugs or
diseases* - CORRECT ANSWER- - check INR/PT, aPTT
- gotta be able to control the bleeding as you cut someone open
three legal requirements of informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER-
- *adequate disclosure* of diagnosis, treatments, risks, probability of
success, alternative treatments, alternative prognoses
- *patient understanding* before sedation
- *gives consent voluntarily*
discuss legal implications of informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER-
- surgeon is ultimately responsible
- nurse is witness to signature
- nurse is advocate for patient understanding, implications, and no
coercion
- consent can be withdrawn at any time (even if signed)
- If the patient is a minor, unconscious, or mentally incompetent to sign
the permit, a legally appointed representative or responsible family
member may give written permission
- A true medical emergency may override the need to obtain consent.
what is presumed consent? - CORRECT ANSWER- a legislative
framework in which citizens must place their name on a national opt-out
register, otherwise their consent for donating their organs will be
presumed.
are emancipated minors able to consent to their own treatment? -
CORRECT ANSWER- yes
Discuss the importance of surgical site and time out in the preoperative
checklist. - CORRECT ANSWER- avoid a sentinel event by ensuring
the following:
- correct patient
- correct surgery
