D115 MASTER SET ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ 2 types of herpes virus that can infect the eyes. Answer: 1. Herpes
Simplex = Herpes simplex keratitis
2. Herpes Varicella Zoster/Shingles = Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
◉ Ophthalmological emergency. Answer: Acute Angle-Closure
Glaucoma
◉ Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma. Answer: -acute onset of severe eye
pain accompanied by headache, N/V, halos around lights, and decreased
vision
-mid-dilated pupil that is oval shaped
-cloudy cornea
-fundoscopic examination reveals cupping of the optic nerve
-Refer to ED
-TRUE OPHTHALMOLOGICAL EMERGENCY
-increases ICP
, ◉ Multiple Sclerosis (optic neuritis). Answer: -new or intermittent loss
of vision in one eye alone or accompanied by nystagmus or other
abnormal eye movements
- aphasia, abnormal gait, spasticity, paresthesia
-daily fatigue that worsens throughout the day
-heat worsens symptoms
-has recurrent episodes
-refer to neurologist
◉ Orbital Cellulitis. Answer: -acute onset of erythematous swollen
eyelid with bulging of the eyeball and eye pain in affected eye
-abnormal extraocular movement exam with pain on eye movement
-look for hx of recent rhinosinusitis or URI
-caused by acute bacterial infection of the orbital contents
-more common in young children
-SERIOUS COMPLICATION
-Refer to ED
◉ Retinal Detachment. Answer: -sudden onset of a shower of floaters
associated with "looking through a curtain" sensation with sudden
flashes of light
-refer to ED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ 2 types of herpes virus that can infect the eyes. Answer: 1. Herpes
Simplex = Herpes simplex keratitis
2. Herpes Varicella Zoster/Shingles = Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
◉ Ophthalmological emergency. Answer: Acute Angle-Closure
Glaucoma
◉ Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma. Answer: -acute onset of severe eye
pain accompanied by headache, N/V, halos around lights, and decreased
vision
-mid-dilated pupil that is oval shaped
-cloudy cornea
-fundoscopic examination reveals cupping of the optic nerve
-Refer to ED
-TRUE OPHTHALMOLOGICAL EMERGENCY
-increases ICP
, ◉ Multiple Sclerosis (optic neuritis). Answer: -new or intermittent loss
of vision in one eye alone or accompanied by nystagmus or other
abnormal eye movements
- aphasia, abnormal gait, spasticity, paresthesia
-daily fatigue that worsens throughout the day
-heat worsens symptoms
-has recurrent episodes
-refer to neurologist
◉ Orbital Cellulitis. Answer: -acute onset of erythematous swollen
eyelid with bulging of the eyeball and eye pain in affected eye
-abnormal extraocular movement exam with pain on eye movement
-look for hx of recent rhinosinusitis or URI
-caused by acute bacterial infection of the orbital contents
-more common in young children
-SERIOUS COMPLICATION
-Refer to ED
◉ Retinal Detachment. Answer: -sudden onset of a shower of floaters
associated with "looking through a curtain" sensation with sudden
flashes of light
-refer to ED
