APHY 101
APHY 101 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WELL ILLUSTRATED.
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? answer >>>>>>
Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts, whereas physiology is the
study of the function of body parts
What are the levels of organization? answer >>>>>> subatomic particles, atom,
molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
What are the requirements of life? answer >>>>>> Water, food, oxygen, heat,
pressure
What are the characteristics of life? answer >>>>>> Movement (internal or
gross); Responsiveness (reaction to internal or external change); Growth (increase
in size without change in shape); Reproduction (new organisms or new cells);
Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion (breakdown of food);
Absorption (movement of substances through membranes and into fluids);
Circulation (movement within body fluids); Assimilation (changing nutrients into
chemically different forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic wastes)
,APHY 101
Define homeostasis answer >>>>>> Body’s maintenance of a stable environment
What is a homeostatic mechanism? answer >>>>>> the body maintains
homeostasis through a number of self-regulating control systems; examples are
regulating body temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate body
pressure
Define matter answer >>>>>> Anything that takes up space and has mass
(weight). It is composed of elements.
Define element answer >>>>>> fundamental substance composed of chemically
identical atoms
Define atoms answer >>>>>> smallest particle of an element; basic unit of
matter
What is the structure of an atom? answer >>>>>> An atom consists of a nucleus
containing protons and neutrons, with electrons in
orbit around the nucleus.
Atomic nucleus answer >>>>>> the nucleus contains protons and neutrons
Proton answer >>>>>> subatomic particle that has a positive charge
Neutron answer >>>>>> subatomic particle that has no charge
,APHY 101
Electron answer >>>>>> subatomic particle that has a negative charge
Atomic number answer >>>>>> number or protons in nucleus
Atomic mass answer >>>>>> number of protons plus number of neutrons
What are covalent bonds? answer >>>>>> Covalent bonds are formed when
atoms share electrons to become stable with filled
outer shells
What are ionic bonds? answer >>>>>> 2 oppositely charged atoms form this
bond when electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom
What are hydrogen bonds? answer >>>>>> Weak attraction between positive
end of one polar molecule and negative end of another polar molecule; formed
between water molecules
Define ion answer >>>>>> When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become ions.
Define synthesis reaction answer >>>>>> Two or more atoms or molecules are
joined together
Define decomposition reaction answer >>>>>> Larger molecules are broken
down into smaller ones
, APHY 101
Define exchange reaction answer >>>>>> Parts of molecules trade places
Define reactant answer >>>>>> The starting materials of the reaction - the
atoms, ions, or molecules
Define product answer >>>>>> Substances formed at the end of the chemical
reaction
Define catalyst answer >>>>>> influence the rates of chemical reactions
What is an acid? answer >>>>>> Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water
What is a base? answer >>>>>> Electrolytes that release ions that combine with
hydrogen ions in water
What is a salt? answer >>>>>> Acids and bases that react to form water and
electrolytes
What is a pH scale? answer >>>>>> represents the concentration of hydrogen
ions [H+] in solution
Neutral solution answer >>>>>> pH 7;
indicates equal concentrations of H+
and OH-
Acidic solution answer >>>>>> pH less than
7; indicates a greater concentration of H+
APHY 101 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WELL ILLUSTRATED.
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? answer >>>>>>
Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts, whereas physiology is the
study of the function of body parts
What are the levels of organization? answer >>>>>> subatomic particles, atom,
molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
What are the requirements of life? answer >>>>>> Water, food, oxygen, heat,
pressure
What are the characteristics of life? answer >>>>>> Movement (internal or
gross); Responsiveness (reaction to internal or external change); Growth (increase
in size without change in shape); Reproduction (new organisms or new cells);
Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion (breakdown of food);
Absorption (movement of substances through membranes and into fluids);
Circulation (movement within body fluids); Assimilation (changing nutrients into
chemically different forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic wastes)
,APHY 101
Define homeostasis answer >>>>>> Body’s maintenance of a stable environment
What is a homeostatic mechanism? answer >>>>>> the body maintains
homeostasis through a number of self-regulating control systems; examples are
regulating body temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate body
pressure
Define matter answer >>>>>> Anything that takes up space and has mass
(weight). It is composed of elements.
Define element answer >>>>>> fundamental substance composed of chemically
identical atoms
Define atoms answer >>>>>> smallest particle of an element; basic unit of
matter
What is the structure of an atom? answer >>>>>> An atom consists of a nucleus
containing protons and neutrons, with electrons in
orbit around the nucleus.
Atomic nucleus answer >>>>>> the nucleus contains protons and neutrons
Proton answer >>>>>> subatomic particle that has a positive charge
Neutron answer >>>>>> subatomic particle that has no charge
,APHY 101
Electron answer >>>>>> subatomic particle that has a negative charge
Atomic number answer >>>>>> number or protons in nucleus
Atomic mass answer >>>>>> number of protons plus number of neutrons
What are covalent bonds? answer >>>>>> Covalent bonds are formed when
atoms share electrons to become stable with filled
outer shells
What are ionic bonds? answer >>>>>> 2 oppositely charged atoms form this
bond when electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom
What are hydrogen bonds? answer >>>>>> Weak attraction between positive
end of one polar molecule and negative end of another polar molecule; formed
between water molecules
Define ion answer >>>>>> When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become ions.
Define synthesis reaction answer >>>>>> Two or more atoms or molecules are
joined together
Define decomposition reaction answer >>>>>> Larger molecules are broken
down into smaller ones
, APHY 101
Define exchange reaction answer >>>>>> Parts of molecules trade places
Define reactant answer >>>>>> The starting materials of the reaction - the
atoms, ions, or molecules
Define product answer >>>>>> Substances formed at the end of the chemical
reaction
Define catalyst answer >>>>>> influence the rates of chemical reactions
What is an acid? answer >>>>>> Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water
What is a base? answer >>>>>> Electrolytes that release ions that combine with
hydrogen ions in water
What is a salt? answer >>>>>> Acids and bases that react to form water and
electrolytes
What is a pH scale? answer >>>>>> represents the concentration of hydrogen
ions [H+] in solution
Neutral solution answer >>>>>> pH 7;
indicates equal concentrations of H+
and OH-
Acidic solution answer >>>>>> pH less than
7; indicates a greater concentration of H+
