MCDB 1A Genetics (UCSB) (FULL DETAIL OF SLIDES)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e93cu2
1. Types of highlights!: Bold - UNUSED
Italics - UNUSED
Underline - topic of a list
Yellow - UNUSED
Blue - maybe important
Purple - non-important or don't get
2. ----Slide Set 1----: intro to genetics
3. genetics?: study of genes
- inheritance of traits
- molecular genetics
- population genetics
genomics: (study of genomes)
4. gregor mendel (austrian monk): - conducted hybridization experiments on pea plants
- 1865 proposed particulate theory of inheritance
5. mendel's 1st law - the law of segregation: - traits are determined by genes with each adult
carrying two different alleles of the gene
- gametes only carry one allele of each trait
- alleles are only dominant or recessive
- alleles segregate into gametes in a ratio of 1:1
- gametes meeting are random, independent events
6. mendel's 2nd law - law of independent assortment: alleles of different genes (Ss and Yy)
assort into gametes independently of each other.
reworded:
allele a gamete receives for one gene does not influence the allele received for another gene.
7. probability/predicting outcomes: probability
- if an event is certain to happen = 1
- if an event cannot happen = 0
- otherwise it is between 0-1
- sum of all alternate outcomes must equal 1
8. product rule: the probability that two independent events will both happen, the rule is to multiply the
probabilities of the individual event.
, MCDB 1A Genetics (UCSB) (FULL DETAIL OF SLIDES)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e93cu2
used in the pedigree diagram
9. sum rule: the probability of an event that can occur in two or more ways is the sum of individual probabilities
of those ways
used in the pedigree diagram
10. test cross: a genetic cross between organisms with an unknown genotype and another being a homozygous
recessive organism.
11. mendelian inheritance: 1st - law of segregation
2nd - law of independent assortment
12. exceptions to mendelian inheritance: - incomplete dominace
- codominance
- epistasis
- linkage
13. multiple allelic series: - alleles occupy same genetic locus on homologous chromosomes
- a gene can have hundreds of alleles but each diploid only carries two alleles for each gene
14. codominance: - both alleles of a gene can express the phenotype
- an example is AB blood types
15. epistasis: - two or more genes interact to influence a single phenotype
16. quantitive character: those that vary in population along a continuum
17. quantitive variation: indicates polygenic inheritance, an additive of 2 or more genes for a single pheno-
type
- example is height, which is affected by over 180 genes
18. pedigree analysis: deduce inheritance pattern by observing traits in already existing family members
19. huntington disease: - autosomal dominant
- progressive beginning
- spastic body movements
- detectable by genetic screening
- gene located on chromosome 4
- mutation due to triplet repeating in the DNA sequence
20. autosomal dominant: if you get an abnormal gene from only one parent you can get the gene
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e93cu2
1. Types of highlights!: Bold - UNUSED
Italics - UNUSED
Underline - topic of a list
Yellow - UNUSED
Blue - maybe important
Purple - non-important or don't get
2. ----Slide Set 1----: intro to genetics
3. genetics?: study of genes
- inheritance of traits
- molecular genetics
- population genetics
genomics: (study of genomes)
4. gregor mendel (austrian monk): - conducted hybridization experiments on pea plants
- 1865 proposed particulate theory of inheritance
5. mendel's 1st law - the law of segregation: - traits are determined by genes with each adult
carrying two different alleles of the gene
- gametes only carry one allele of each trait
- alleles are only dominant or recessive
- alleles segregate into gametes in a ratio of 1:1
- gametes meeting are random, independent events
6. mendel's 2nd law - law of independent assortment: alleles of different genes (Ss and Yy)
assort into gametes independently of each other.
reworded:
allele a gamete receives for one gene does not influence the allele received for another gene.
7. probability/predicting outcomes: probability
- if an event is certain to happen = 1
- if an event cannot happen = 0
- otherwise it is between 0-1
- sum of all alternate outcomes must equal 1
8. product rule: the probability that two independent events will both happen, the rule is to multiply the
probabilities of the individual event.
, MCDB 1A Genetics (UCSB) (FULL DETAIL OF SLIDES)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e93cu2
used in the pedigree diagram
9. sum rule: the probability of an event that can occur in two or more ways is the sum of individual probabilities
of those ways
used in the pedigree diagram
10. test cross: a genetic cross between organisms with an unknown genotype and another being a homozygous
recessive organism.
11. mendelian inheritance: 1st - law of segregation
2nd - law of independent assortment
12. exceptions to mendelian inheritance: - incomplete dominace
- codominance
- epistasis
- linkage
13. multiple allelic series: - alleles occupy same genetic locus on homologous chromosomes
- a gene can have hundreds of alleles but each diploid only carries two alleles for each gene
14. codominance: - both alleles of a gene can express the phenotype
- an example is AB blood types
15. epistasis: - two or more genes interact to influence a single phenotype
16. quantitive character: those that vary in population along a continuum
17. quantitive variation: indicates polygenic inheritance, an additive of 2 or more genes for a single pheno-
type
- example is height, which is affected by over 180 genes
18. pedigree analysis: deduce inheritance pattern by observing traits in already existing family members
19. huntington disease: - autosomal dominant
- progressive beginning
- spastic body movements
- detectable by genetic screening
- gene located on chromosome 4
- mutation due to triplet repeating in the DNA sequence
20. autosomal dominant: if you get an abnormal gene from only one parent you can get the gene
