QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ *What parameters are used to assess the severity of pulmonic valve
stenosis? Answer: Peak Velocity and Peak Gradient
MILD. peak velocity <3 m/s. peak gradient <36 mmHg. right ventricular
systolic pressure 25-49 mmHg. ..
MODERATE peak velocity 3-4 m/s. peak gradient 36-64 mmHg. ..
SEVERE. peak velocity >4 m/s. peak gradient >64 mmHg.
◉ 52 to 72. Answer: *What is the normal range for ejection fraction in
males?
◉ *What is the largest and mostly apically positioned valve in the heart?
Answer: tricuspid
◉ A 63 year old male has a left ventricular EF of 35%, mitral valve E/A
ratio 2.3 and E/e ratio of 12 and tricuspid peak regurgitant velocity of
2.6 m/s what is the grade of diastolic dysfunction in this patient?
Answer: Grade III
(if E/A is > 2 then always grade III)
, ◉ Where is the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve located in the image.
Answer:
◉ Pulse Repetition frequency of the system. Answer: The Nyquist limit
of pulsed doppler is dependent upon which of the following?
◉ which anatomic defects are associated with Tetralogy of Fallot.
Answer: 1. ventricular septal defect (VSD)
2. overriding aorta
3. pulmonary stenosis /anomalous pulmonary veins
4. right ventricular hypertrophy (RV hypertrophy)
◉ *A follow-up echo is ordered on a patient diagnosed with Takotsubo
cardiomyopathy. What findings would be MOST RELEVANT from the
previous study? choose 2 ;. Answer: 1. abnormal movements in the walls
of the left ventricle.
2. ballooning of the lower part of the left ventricle (apex).
◉ *What is one significant benefit of utilizing 3d transthoracic imaging?
Answer: more accurate ejection fraction and volumes
◉ given a mitral valve pressure half -time of 260 ms the mitral valve
area is. Answer: 0.85 cm2 ()